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The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of GDP, trade openness, renewable energy, energy use, FDI, carbon emission, and oil prices on innovation for selected 11 oil-importing and 11 oil-exporting countries and to compare the results from both country groups to see the differences and similarities. For this purpose, we employ Poisson regression and negative binomial fixed effect techniques from 1990 to 2018. The empirical findings illustrate that all variables are significant except for renewable energy in oil-exporting countries. Trade openness and carbon emission have a significant and negative association with innovation, GDP, energy use, foreign direct investment, and oil price have a significant and positive relationship with innovation in oil-exporting countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Synchronous reluctance motors (SynRM) have many advantages such as robust and simple construction, low cost production, high torque capability, per unit volume, field weakening capability, reduced power losses due to lack the of the rotor windings. Therefore, these motors have become interesting for many industrial and automotive applications. It is so difficult to produce high torque using small dimension motor and low voltage. In this paper, it is aimed that design of the SynRM which can operate with low voltage level generated by photovoltaic (PV) panels. This motor has a good dynamic, high starting torque and high efficiency. The motor was controlled by using maximum torque per amper (MTPA) control algorithm. Additionally, Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) algorithm was used to obtain maximum power from the panels. This algorithm has automatically adjusted the speed-reference information of the motor and provided operating at the maximum efficiency of the system. In this study, a system having more efficient, more compact and ease of use was obtained than the traditional systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Seeking clues for sustainable energy future, this paper focuses on the social dimension of renewable energy developments. It aims to gain insight into this dimension and to clarify its significance. With this purpose, it reviews the general understandings, key assumptions and the different views in the relevant literature, on the basis of two main themes: local opposition and participation. While doing this, it adopts a view that renewable energy developments should be promoted without sacrificing the social pillar of sustainable development. In order to achieve socially acceptable solutions and transition to sustainable society, such a view points to a need for understanding social context of renewable energies and searching for more democratic and fair processes, and above all, a change in the dominant policy paradigms. The "what?" and "how?" questions in the context of our country necessitates further research on the social and policy dimensions of renewable energy. Since the subject has not been adequately addressed yet, this paper is considered to serve as a reference and to open up a new research field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The process of mechanization and industrialization that occurred after the industrial revolution which began in the 19. Century has also increased the need for energy. This increase has caused an excessive consumption of oil, coal and natural gas known as the fossil fuels. This excessive consumption has lead almost to the exhaustion of the resources and environmental problems. The oil crisis that occurred in the 20th century and environmental problems has lead to a search for an energy source as an alternative to fossil fuels. As a consequence of this search there has been a tendency to use solar, wind, water, geothermal, wave and biomass sources. These resources which are defined as sources of Renewable energy are recently used as the main energy source in many countries . Turkey is a country which has a constantly growing need for energy this energy requirement is met with the imported fossil fuels which has lead to problems, such as dependence on foreign energy. Turkey made various incentives and planning for renewable energy sources to reduce foreign dependency to meet its need for energy and to put its own resources to good use. This paper aims to bring out the potential of renewable energy of Manisa, an agriculture and industry city located in Agean Region. According to the results of this study it is evaluated that Manisa has a great potantial of wind, sun, geotermal and biomass energy but that it's hydroelectric energy is insufficent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fossil energy resources are exhaustible and these resources damage the environment. And so, these problems encourage the countries -especially developed countries- to work about renewable energy resource. Countries are trying to increase the share of the renewable resource in the total energy production. In this context, renewable energy resources are subsidized in many countries. The purpose of this paper is examining incentive mechanisms in the countries which have the big share of renewable energy resources in the energy production and in this direction, making an inference about the incentive mechanism in Turkey. In this context in the first section of the study, incentive mechanisms which encourage the electricity generation from renewable energy resources are examined comprehensively. And then, the incentives given to energy production from renewable resources in the Scandinavian countries which utilize from the renewable energy resources and Turkey are examining. At the end of the study, it is concluded that incentive mechanisms must be diversified and increased in Turkey. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Piezoelectric materials are named as smart materials and show different responses from conversional materials when a certain stimuli applied. While some materials show piezoelectric property inherently in their structure, some materials can only be made piezoelectric when processed under certain conditions. Piezoelectric materials are in use for many years in different areas. Now there are a number of significant works being carried out toward using them in textiles. Especially, since the global warming has reached to a life threatening stage, the use of environmental friendly renewable energy resources and the works on it have been increased significantly. In this paper, piezoelectricity, piezoelectric materials, main works on piezoelectricity, application areas and recent works on piezoelectric materials have been introduced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main purpose of this paper is to detect and analyze the potential of the wind energy, which is one of the renewable energy sources of which the importance is being understood better day by day, by using ground and satellite observations. Therefore, it is argued if the data acquired based on satellite technologies can be used in this field in order to prevent the time loss and reduce the cost required in classical measuring methods. In the end of the study, it is inferred that ground observations are still needed, however, satellite data may be useful at the pre-analyze stage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid urbanization, migration from rural to urban areas and industrialization since 1950s, need and demand for energy is ever-increasing in Turkey. For Turkey, who is importing approximately 75 percent of the demanded energy; external dependence, the expenditure of the income from exports for the energy imports, threaten the energy security. To address the mentioned goals of minimizing external dependence, Turkey has accelerated the creation and implementation of policies on alternative energy resources and the efficient use of energy starting from 2000s. Accordingly, these legal arrangements and related actions cannot be carried out adequately enough by central government bodies and their provincial units alone. Approximately 93 percent of the population in Turkey today is living within municipal boundaries, of which 77.6 percent live in metropolitan municipalities boundaries, local governments have a great deal of responsibilities related to energy supply and efficiency, as well as the realization of the energy policies that can be accelerated from part to whole and from local to center. The main purpose of this study is to determine the energy-related political activity areas of local governments and to contribute to the development of a new political dialogue which engage all related stakeholders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Global climate change is now accepted to be the most serious environmental threat facing human race. One of the solution of the problem is improving renewable energy sources. Many countries see the development of renewable energy as a way of mitigation climate change. At this stage , to understand renewable energy development potential haz become very important. Thus, This paper argues the contribution of renewable energy sources with mitigation global warming. Each source is examined independently the others from perspective of progress in short and long term. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]