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This paper aims to present a novel study on the dynamics of a fractional predator–prey–pathogen model to investigate the existence of the chaos in the model. We applied the Atangana–Baleanu fractional operator to the predator–prey–pathogen model, and new results are presented. Furthermore, the stability of the equilibrium points of the proposed model is investigated. The convergence and uniqueness of the solution for the model are also studied. Few numerical simulations have been performed for both predator, and prey populations. Some interesting chaotic behaviors of predator and prey populations of the model are also obtained by using an effective numerical scheme. Furthermore, corresponding numerical simulations were achieved for the various values of the fractional derivative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]