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The author shares the circumstances that led to his encounter with the personal archives of Victor Haim Perera (1934-2003), an award-winning Sephardic-American writer, journalist, environmental and political activist, and academic born in Guatemala City. Perera published six books on topics as varied as Sephardic history, the Maya Indians, and the Loch Ness monster, and contributed dozens of articles, short stories, and essays to newspapers, trade journals, magazines, and literary anthologies. This paper also provides an overview of Perera's life and work and shares information about the Victor Perera Papers collection at the University of Michigan Library. It presents a case study illustrating that library catalogers can improve discoverability of and access to library special collections by expanding beyond their core duties and investigating the contexts behind the materials that cross their desks. The article ends with a preliminary bibliography of Perera's works. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The period of the early twentieth century is marked by an intense struggle on the part of women to gain access to professional careers and the public sphere. This paper contributes to a wider discourse on women's professionalisation, by focusing specifically on women's access to legal professions and the role archiving played in that process in the years preceding the Sex Disqualification (Removal) Act 1919 in light of the Police Court Rota, run by the Association for Moral and Social Hygiene (AMSH). The members of the Rota acted as observers in criminal cases, interviewers, writers and activists at the time when women were formally excluded from courtrooms and legal life. The paper draws extensively from the archives of the AMSH and National Vigilance Association and argues that observations, legal record creation and archiving gave middle-class women volunteers access to legal professions and power, despite formal exclusions. These records and collections, in part, counter law's missing archive on women and criminal justice. This paper examines what these counter archives tell us about exclusion of women from legal history and the role archiving played within women's professionalisation, and in turn, how class and colonial bias manifested within that process of archive creation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with the specific features of historical papers relevant for information retrieval and bibliometrics. The analysis is based mainly on the citation indexes accessible under the Web of Science (WoS) but also on field-specific databases: the Chemical Abstracts Service (CAS) literature database and the INSPEC database. First, the journal coverage of the WoS (in particular of the WoS Century of Science archive), the limitations of specific search fields as well as several database errors are discussed. Then, the problem of misspelled citations and their 'mutations' is demonstrated by a few typical examples. Complex author names, complicated journal names, and other sources of errors that result from prior citation practice are further issues. Finally, some basic phenomena limiting the meaning of citation counts of historical papers are presented and explained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last few years, artists' archives have gained a central role in the debate on the nature, treatment and valorization of 20th century and contemporary archives. They are fascinating and precious aggregations, characterized by a plurality of documentary typologies and by specific requirements for their description. Starting from the definition of personal archives, the paper proposes a definition of artists' archives and then attempts to indicate their main characteristics, contents and elements of complexity. Finally, the paper attempts to establish a dialogue between archivists and artists, collectors, gallery owners, critics and curators in order to find common elements and differences in their actions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Papers of Martin Luther King, Jr. Volume 1: Called to Serve, January 1929-June 1951,' edited by Clayborne Carson et al.

The archive of the Palestine Exploration Fund is a rich depository of material of historical value, comprising photographs, hand-written letters, maps and drawings, and serving scholars across the world. It includes primary documentation relating to the sacred enclosure of the Haram al-Sharif in Jerusalem, which was the focus of research made by Ermete Pierotti, Charles W. Wilson, Charles Warren, Claude Regnier Conder, Clermont-Ganneau, and Conrad Schick, among others. This paper examines materials relating to the original function of Robinson's Arch, with the suggestion that already in 1867 Warren was the first to recognize it as an arch for a flight of stairs, rather than as part of a viaduct bridge crossing the Tyropoeon Valley which was the consensus of opinion prevailing until late in the twentieth century. This paper also investigates a little-known clash that took place in 1880 between two of the pioneers of Jerusalem archaeology, namely Wilson and Warren. The result of this dispute was the publication in 1884 of the now greatly regarded large format portfolio of maps and plans of the Temple Mount ('Warren's Atlas'), which has been an enormous boon for research on ancient Jerusalem ever since. Finally, this paper looks at the possibility that subterranean vaulted chambers may have existed within the north-eastern angle of the Haram al-Sharif, if we accept the accuracy of Schick's model of the Haram from 1873 and a description of exploration of subterranean chambers in that area made by Peter Richardson in a letter to the PEF from 1874. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

John Christian Watson (known as Chris Watson) was the first Federal Parliamentary Labor Party (FPLP) leader and from May 1901 to October 1907. During this time, while sitting on the cross benches between Alfred Deakin's Protectionists and George Reid's Free Traders, Labor regularly held the balance of power. For a short stint between April and August 1904, Watson was (the first world Labor and Australia's youngest) prime minister and treasurer. Watson resigned as FPLP leader on 23 October 1907. By choosing not to contest his seat, Watson left parliament on 29 April 1910. It is Watson's resignation as FPLP leader that is the focus of this paper. By drawing on a repository of newspaper clippings once owned by Watson and now held by the National Library of Australia along with Trove Digitised Newspapers, this article analyses the reporting of the week surrounding Watson's resignation including the question if Watson's retained articles favoured a particular stance. The paper concludes that newspapers were of the opinion that the stress of the job and subsequent ill health it induced, led to Watson's resignation. Hence, this paper's focus is contained to Watson's resignation, a period of newspaper reporting and collections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper argues that more explicitly geographical methodologies are required to study twentieth-century internationalism, which invite different conversations between international historians and historical geographers. We show how the form and location of international archival records is itself evidence of multiple, interlocking modes of internationalism which unevenly intersected with national, imperial, and pan-national pasts. This is explored through three case studies: the archive of the International Institute of Intellectual Cooperation (IIIC), located in the UNESCO headquarters in Paris; the Maharaja Ganga Singh Archive in the Indian city of Bikaner; and the papers of Lydia Brown in New Bedford, Massachusetts, a translator and interpreter at the Second Pan-African Congress. We argue that bringing the archives of large international organisations into dialogue with a wider overlooked field of international archival evidence offers new perspectives on what internationalism was, where it happened, and to whom it mattered. • Recent research on internationalism invites interrogation of archival sources. • The form and location of records is evidence of transnational interactions. • The archive reveals how internationalism was conceptually ambiguous. • International pasts intermingle with national, imperial and pan-national records. • Archives challenge what and where internationalism was and to whom it mattered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper proposes a synthesis and a reflection on the topics addressed during the conference "The other side of publishing: the women of books and reading in the 20th century", organized by the Apice Center, with the collaboration of the Department of Historical studies of the University of Milan and the Arnoldo and Alberto Mondadori Foundation. On this occasion it was intended to shed light on the women's role in the publishing during the 20th century, especially on those figures who, often without leaving any apparent trace, as editors, illustrators, translators and librarians, played a far from secondary role in discovering authors, in promoting works, in curating collections and disseminating good practices, such as reading. The conference days, organized in five sessions, were divided by themes: "Editorial work"; "In the workshop of translators"; "Promoting reading"; "Drawing the book", and "Female militancy". The event was characterized by the heterogeneity and the multidisciplinary approach of the young researchers involved, who were able to let communicate different skills, related to gender studies, literary, artistic and historical, preferring, from the point of view of the method, the exploitation of archive sources, the identification of new types of documents and the experimentation of new working tools, like digital databases. This strategy led to the articulation of an intense program, full of insights and discussion, branched out from the main topics identified, such as the importance of memory, the autobiographical writings, the ongoing transformation of editorial work and the ability of women to create strong institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A great number of local newspapers and periodicals of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries contributed to the survival of information related to the earthquakes that occurred in Algeria during those periods. These documents which often relay the information from official institutions provide fruitful seismological accounts allowing a sound reappraisal of Algeria seismicity in terms of the estimation of macroseismic parameters. A recent systematic documentation on the Algeria seismicity revealed the occurrence of more than 650 earthquakes that were not reported in the previous seismological compilations, from 1844 onward, despite their significant number. In this paper we provide a quick overview on the newspapers and periodicals that existed at that time and from which fruitful information were retrieved and focus on the most significant events that we newly found. A careful analysis of the historical records allowed the estimation of the intensity of these earthquakes, which globally ranges from V to VIII EMS. These new results augment the seismological knowledge in Algeria and will certainly have implications for seismic hazard assessment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This introduction highlights the connections and continuities between the articles in this special issue around the hidden aspects underpinning design and labor in the lace trade, over the period of the industrial revolution to the mid 20th century, across England, Belgium, and France. The papers draw on archival records, which include not only traditional text-based accounts, textile samples, and pattern designs, but also business records and songs, to uncover hidden information about processes, experiences, and labor, in the perpetuation of the lace trade over the period. "Missing Persons and Hidden Heritages in European Lace Making" demonstrates that examining these records will uncover the contributions and losses incurred by a range of hidden hands, bodies, and minds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the mid-nineteenth century photographic collecting practices in the Colonial Office (CO) in London. Following methodologies laid down by Stoler and Joyce, the paper excavates the epistemic procedures through which photography and its role in colonial governance operated between the late 1860s and 1875. I focus my analysis on the production of, and response to, two CO despatches, which were circulated in November 1869 requesting photographs. But what was the work expected of these photographs, what were they meant “to do”? What was their relationship with anthropology and geography? The paper argues that in the praxis of central government, the role of photographic evidence was more uncertain and confused than instrumental interpretative models have assumed. I shall argue that in many cases photographs were not “evidence” in any dynamic sense in information provision, but rather functioned as tools of reassurance. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

In the late 1930s the Spanish Civil War captured the international imagination to an extraordinary degree. As in other countries British men and women were moved to intervene directly and the memory of the war, and of British participation in it, has held an enduring appeal in the UK. The Civil War was also notable for its use of the visual as a weapon of propaganda, and the Spanish Republican Government deployed visual imagery to great effect as an instrument through which it exhibited its progressive educational and welfare reforms to an international audience. This article focuses on the visual and textual representations of displaced children in Republican educational colonies in Spain that are preserved in British archive collections. Taking as its starting point a series of photographs of children in colonies gathered together as part of the International Brigade Memorial Archive in London, the paper will consider the construction, use, and circulation of these images and associated texts by British and American political and humanitarian networks and their subsequent collection and preservation in British archival institutions. The paper will assess the effectiveness of the images and texts as pedagogical and political agents and explore how their meaning shifted as they travelled through a range of performative spaces on a journey from their construction as artefacts designed initially to record and communicate the Spanish Republic’s progressive educational project, to commemorative objects in the archive. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

The purpose of this paper is to present the results of the archival organization and description process of the 1964-2002 INCORA Antioquia Land Acquisition Program. The Research Center at Escuela Interamericana de Bibliotecología (the Inter-American School of Library Science) provided resources to fund the process in 2013. At first, the program had proposed and approved the writing of an "institutional and organizational archival history of the 1961-2003 INCORA Antioquia land acquisition program documentation has produced ", but because of administrative reasons of the project and they transferred the documentation to the city of Bogota. Therefore, it was impossible to write the history of the Institution. INCODER received all of the documentation of the archive corresponding to this program satisfactorily, and INCODER conducted this after an archival organization and description process pursuant to the guidelines the Nation's General Archives established for internal control investigations and periodical documental transference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Euro-Arab Dialogue (EAD) was launched in the aftermath the Arab Israeli Yom Kippur War of 1973 by Nine European countries and the Arabs. The main objective was to create a stable, long-term relationship between the two regions. Despite its political intent, the framework of the Dialogue was restricted to multilateral economic co-operation in selected areas for reciprocal benefits. Due to inevitable obstacles, after almost five years of engagements, the Dialogue seemed to be progressing slowly with the development of only a few practical projects. Nevertheless, the British remained committed to the initiative, which they viewed as supplementary to their successful existing bilateral relationships, as well as an inexpensive but effective way to maintain their political and economic interests in the Arab world. Through historical analysis, this paper examines the British attitude and perspective towards the Dialogue from 1973 to 1978, mainly using archival documents available at the National Archive in England. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

A list of accessions given to the British National Archives in 2009 is presented, including minutes and policy papers of the Avon Liberal Party between 1977-1995, minutes and notes of the Exeter Labour Party between 1963-1968, and the correspondence of the British communist figure Bill Moore between 1916-1999.

The article examines Stalin's intelligence on the capitalist world, including materials from military archives, diplomatic archives, and Stalin's private papers. It explores how these materials were collected, interpreted and shaped by Stalin's prejudices. It concludes that, from the end of the Civil War to the Nazi invasion, Stalin and the Soviet leadership believed that the Soviet Union was under a nearly constant threat of invasion from shifting coalitions of capitalist powers. No such threat existed until the late 1930s, but Stalin's perceptions have important implications for our understanding of Soviet foreign and domestic politics in the interwar period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]