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A complex dynamical network (CDN) can be considered as the composition system with the nodes subsystem (NS) and the links subsystem (LS), and both subsystems are coupled with each other. Therefore, the dynamics of NS affects the dynamics of LS, and vice versa. In this paper, two vector differential equation (VDE)s are employed to describe the dynamics of NS and LS, respectively, in which the dynamics of NS is proposed as the VDE with the second derivative term (SDT) for more realistic engineering applications. Compared with the existing literature, the key advantage is that the dynamics of links is utilized to assist synthesizing the tracking controller of NS. The results show that when the state of LS tracks asymptotically the synthesized auxiliary tracking goal (ATG), the state of NS tracks asymptotically the given reference signal. Observing the eventual topology of CDN, all eventual links between nodes depend on the proposed ATG when NS achieving the tracking target, in which one special case is that if all target signals determined by ATG are not zero, all nodes are not isolated. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme is verified by a numerical simulation example. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"Before Canada: Northern North America in a Connected World" is a collection of papers presented at a 2019 conference at McGill University. The book explores the long-term human history of northern North America, with a focus on Indigenous peoples' history and encounters with European colonialism. The essays cover diverse topics such as social networks in Beringia, the Apache people's migration, Inuit intercultural exchanges, European cultures in northern North America, and European-Indigenous exchanges. The book also raises important ethical considerations regarding the inclusion of Indigenous voices in the study of early Canadian history. [Extracted from the article]

• Bibliometric techniques identify the productivity and influence on research. • Fuzzy systems are an area of study with potential for further research. • Zadeh is known as the most influential author in fuzzy research in North American. • The United States is the most productive and influential country in fuzzy research. The objective of this paper is to apply bibliometric techniques to analyze the evolution of fuzzy systems research (FSR) in the United States of America and Canada. The aim is to visualize the progression of FSR since Zadeh's first publication of fuzzy sets and the regional impact that these ideas have in the scientific community. This work obtains data retrieved from the Web of Science (WoS) scientific database. Using a hybrid methodology designed to maximize the obtention of representative results, we analyze 20,317 documents published between 1965 and 2020. The main findings show that Zadeh is the most influential author and that Pedrycz is the most productive author at FSR. Journals such as Fuzzy Sets and Systems (FSS) and IEEE Transactions on Fuzzy Systems (TFS) publish most of the FSR articles. The results show a greater contribution by the United States of America compared to Canada in FSR. This analysis contributes to visualization and evolution in the field of study of FSR in diverse regions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the history of the Bank of Montreal and the bank's influence on Canada's financial and economic history. It looks at how the Bank of Montreal was the first to introduce paper banknotes in Canada in 1817 and how it changed the country's financial system. Particular attention is also given to Edwin Henry King, who became president of the bank in 1869 and was known for his contributions to the business aspects of banking.

The article focuses on the recent donation of Louis Riel's private papers by his descendants, offering a poignant glimpse into the Métis leader's emotional and financial challenges during his exile. Topics include the acquisition of the manuscripts by the University of Calgary, and the digitization of the collection, providing a rare opportunity for the public to explore the personal and intimate life of Louis Riel and gain insight into the historic struggles of Métis people in Canada.

The article discusses investigation into the Canadian Border Services Agency's (CBSA) handling of refugee claimant cases, focusing on the organization's conduct regarding immigrants who died in its custody. Topics include the suicide of deported hotel maid Lucia Vega Jimenez, the death of illegal immigrant and convicted fraudster Maxamillion Akamai, and allegations that the CBSA released Akamai in order to avoid dealing with his imminent death.

• An approach for cleaning and reconciliation of tags in open data portal (ODP) categories using natural language processing methods. • A data structure for connecting ODPs – cross-portal metadata alignment structure generated using ODPs' tags. • Formal context reduction based on semantic similarity measure through means of natural language processing. • Cross-portal dataset categorization - determining appropriate category for a dataset using the metadata alignment structure. • Quality assessment using datasets obtained from Canada's and New Zealand's ODP. Due to openness and transparency initiatives, a vast amount of data is being made publicly available. This data has great significance for business and society. However, it also led to challenges that need to be overcome for this data to reach its full potential. In this paper, we are focusing on the problem of connecting open data portals (ODPs) through metadata alignment. We investigate the available metadata accompanying datasets, especially the part related to categories datasets belong to and tags that closely describe datasets. The methodology we propose is relying on Formal Concept Analysis for the creation of the hierarchical structure used for determining the similarity of tags' usage in different ODPs. We propose such a structure to be used for open data portal metadata alignment. Further, we apply semantic similarity measures to reduce the complexity of the cross-portal data structure while preserving all its characteristics. We demonstrate how our approach can be used for determining dataset category across multiple ODPs aligned using the data structure our approach generates. We envision our approach to improve cross-portal search and metadata enrichment through open data categorization. Lastly, the quality of our approach was tested using datasets obtained from Canada's and New Zealand's ODPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the history of a letter written by Canadian Henrietta Sewell to her brother in 1827, an artifact in the collections of the First Post Office museum in Toronto, Ontario. Topics discussed include paper made out of cotton, the dangers associated with tandem sleighs, and social life in Quebec City, Quebec.

The article describes the history of the First Nations higher education movement in Canada from 1969 to 2000. Topics discussed include the "White Paper" drafted by then Canadian Department of Indian Affairs minister Jean Chrétien that blended the natives into the major Canadian society, the formation of the Saskatchewan Indian Federated College (SIFC) in September 1972, and programs made by SIFC like the Indian Studies Support Program and the Centre for International Affairs.

The aticle informs that papers uncovered in a joint investigation conducted by Vice News and Motherboard following a two-year fight by government lawyers of Canada reveals that the Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) has been decrypting BlackBerry Messenger messages since 2010. It is noted that BlackBerry has been accused for making unbreakable encryption for BBM.