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Discusses whether scientific communication can stay open in an age of bioterrorism. Whether the scientists should continue publishing their findings or if they should go undercover with their work; National security and anthrax; Claim that open discourse is required for a nation to lead in science; Publication of a paper by Eckard Wimmer in the July 2002 issue of 'Science' magazine on how to manufacture the polio virus; 'Science' chastised for printing the paper; Statement that the harm in publishing information may be greater than the benefits; Whether biodefense is the best offense. INSET: Why All the Fuss? Nothing Has Changed, Say Officials.

The article chronicles cases of bioterrorism in the United States. On September 17 or 18, 2001, five anthrax letters were mailed from Trenton, New Jersey and arrived at news organizations in New York and Florida. In August 2006, Douglas J. Beecher, a scientist at the U.S. Federal Bureau of Investigation, published a paper in "Applied and Environmental Microbiology" in which he implied that the spores in the anthrax letters were not produced with additives.