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This contribution deals with flexographic printing of nanoparticulate tin-doped indium oxide (ITO) inks for the manufacture of fine lines on PET foils and glass substrates. The development and optimization of ITO inks, based on solutions of water and ethanol, for the flexographic printing process is presented. The influence of the solvent composition, of the particle content, and of the molar mass of the binder polyvinylpyrrolidone on the printing result is shown. ITO lines with a minimum line width of around 120 μm were printed using a printing plate with a feature size of 50 μm; the ITO lines exhibited a thickness of around 1 μm. Laser post-treatment was used to consolidate the top layer of the nanoparticulate ITO structures resulting in improved electrical properties; low sheet resistance values of around 300 Ω/□ were achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents the manufacture of ultrathin (<1 µm) transparent conductive indium tin oxide (ITO) films based on nanoparticulate ITO slurries by the profile rod technique using the binder polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) as an organic additive. The influence of the slurry composition on the film thickness and the specific electrical resistance as well as the transmission of the dried films is evaluated. The organic solvent ethanol and different types of the PVP binder were tested for slurry preparation and layer performance. ITO green films with low specific electrical resistance of 3 Ω cm, 87 % inline transmission, and layer thicknesses of only 250 nm could be manufactured. Furthermore, the influence of heat treatments up to 400 °C on the electrical properties of the ITO films was evaluated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Energy services are especially expensive on remote islands due to longer and more unstable fuel supply chains. In this paper, different renewable energy systems utilizing locally available biomass and solar energy are proposed as alternatives for a hotel resort on Neil Island, India. Based on local demand data, commercial information, and scientific literature, four cases are modelled with the simulation software HOMER and their economic, energetic, as well as ecological (3E) performances are compared. The robustness of each case configuration is tested with a sensitivity analysis. The results show that a biomass-based, solar-assisted combined cooling, heating, and power (CCHP) system offers an economic saving potential of more than 500,000 USD over twenty years and could decrease CO2 emissions by 365 t per year. When not applying CCHP measures, system performance is significantly worsened. A solar and battery-assisted diesel generator system shows similar economic outcomes as the CCHP system but worse ecological performance. Implementing the biomass-based CCHP system could improve the ecological footprint of the island, substantially decrease expenditure for the hotel owner, and generate a new source of income for surrounding farmers through biomass selling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CO 2 reduction offers an attractive alternative green synthetic route for ethylene, especially where CO 2 could be sourced from industrial exhausts and in combination with green power sources. However, practical applications are currently limited due to the unfortunately low selectivity of cathode materials towards ethylene. This work uses polymers with intrinsic microporosity (PIMs) to improve the performance of copper gas diffusion electrodes for CO 2 reduction to ethylene. We report an improved selectivity and activity towards ethylene with the addition of a thin PIMs layer, which is seen as improved Faradaic efficiency, increased stability and a shift in the reduction to lower overpotential. This improvement is highly dependent on the thickness of the added polymer layer, with too thick a layer having a detrimental impact on the hydrophobicity of the gas diffusion layer. With a compromise in loading, PIMs can be used to enhance the activity and selectivity of catalysts for targeted CO 2 reduction to ethylene. Image 10694 • Gas diffusion electrodes allow CO 2 reduction to ethylene, but selectivity is low. • Polymers with intrinsic microporosity can increase ethylene production. • Using too much polymer has a detrimental impact. • A compromise polymer thickness increases ethylene yield and electrode stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]