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This qualitative study examines women's experiences with risk information exchange during their pregnancy. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 women (aged 25–38) from September 2018 to February 2019. A non-random purposive sample of women who had given birth in the past year was invited to participate in the study. Women were invited by reaching out to personal contacts as well as through sending out a bulk institutional email, posting on mothers' Facebook groups' pages, and by giving out flyers to OB/mid-wife offices. The women represent an educated sample, and nearly half of the participants reported experiencing complications. Thematic analysis was conducted, with researchers individually engaging in open coding, and then collectively engaging in selective coding across multiple analysis sessions. Thematic analysis showed that all the women had different information preferences. Women who had a prior history of pregnancy risk reported engaging in active information seeking. All of the women in this study felt that information was withheld from them, with the exception of information about C-sections, birth plans, and genetic testing. Some women also reported that information was withheld from them when complications occurred during the pregnancy. Lastly, the data illustrate a need for verifying underlying emotions during information exchange as noted by all women. Women in this study reported varying preferences for information exchange. The women reported unmet information needs. The women highlight the need for providers to attend to emotions during information exchange. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China's family planning policy has historically silenced the voices of women, especially unwed single mothers at the expense of their reproductive health and overall wellbeing. Further, reproductive decisions in China are closely intertwined with marriage decisions and intergenerational dynamics, highlighting the relevance of gender in women's reproductive health experiences. Chinese unwed single mothers are in particular penalized for violating the gendered social norms supported by the national reproductive policies. Drawing on previous work that calls on the need to explore gender system and its influence on health, this manuscript explores the ways in which gender norms are played out for the unwed single mothers within romantic and intergenerational relations, with impacts on their reproductive health and decision‐making. The findings show that reproductive decisions are interwoven with the fulfilment of other gendered identities, such as daughter, daughter‐in‐law and wife. Although the decision to go through unwed motherhood is reflective of their agency, the tie between childbirth and marriage does not allow the women to entirely break free from the social system. The findings also highlight the importance of considering the role of gender system that is played out within social relations, which in turn impacts the health of the women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the ways in which gender inequalities are reproduced and reinforced within entertainment establishments, and in turn the ways in which it affects health of the women working in these establishments. Specifically, this article is based on 35 in-depth interviews with women working in entertainment establishments in Kathmandu, Nepal. The findings highlight daily encounters of harassment by customers demanding engagement and acceptance of various sexual advances; strategies of exploitation by employers such as threatening the loss of work and/or salary to coerce the women into engaging in sexual talks and innuendoes to increase sales for the business; and an adverse impact on the physical, emotional, and psychological health of women working in the entertainment establishment. The findings urge us to locate the discussion of health, particularly health of marginalized women, within the context of gender inequalities, labor divisions, and power relations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thirty-five in-depth, semi-structured interviews were conducted with female, street-based, commercial sex workers in Kathmandu, Nepal. The framework of structural violence guided this study in identifying the structural context that impacts the female sex workers' lives and may cause harm to their health. Structural violence in health care was revealed through thematic analysis as (a) discrimination, (b) forced choice, and (c) limitations to health information sources. Lived experiences highlight how the sex workers engaged with structural limitations in health care access, services, and utilization. Structural violence conveys a message about who is entitled to health care and what a society emphasizes and expects regarding acceptable health behavior. Examining the structural violence highlighted how the sex workers negotiated, understood, and engaged with structural limitations in health care access, services, and utilization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]