122 results
Search Results
102. Being black, foreign and woman: African immigrant identities in the United States.
- Author
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Showers, Fumilayo
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WOMEN immigrants , *AFRICANS , *BLACK people , *IDENTITY & society , *WEST Africans , *RACIAL identity of Black people , *NURSING & society , *RACISM , *AMERICANIZATION , *SOCIAL mobility , *ETHNICITY & society , *ETHNICITY , *PSYCHOLOGY , *RACE discrimination - Abstract
This paper contextualizes racial and ethnic identities in shaping African women’s work lives in the USA. While the literature on black immigrant groups has posited that ethnic identities are often deployed to shield black immigrants from racism, my findings indicate that for a group of African women, their racial and ethnic identities are viewed as potential sources of discrimination. As black immigrant women from middle-class backgrounds in their home countries, they also articulate experiences with racism and downward social and occupational mobility. Accounting for how race and ethnicity intersect in the lives of black immigrant groups can nuance our understanding of racial identities and highlight diversity in experiences among national and regional groups. Focusing on particular health-care settings further suggests the importance of professional contexts in shaping the identity formations of recent black immigrants. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
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- 2015
- Full Text
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103. The influence of prison climate on the mental health of adult prisoners: a literature review.
- Author
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Goomany, A. and Dickinson, T.
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CLIMATOLOGY , *CORRECTIONAL institutions , *PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems , *MEDLINE , *MENTAL health , *NURSING specialties , *ONLINE information services , *PRISON nurses , *PSYCHIATRIC nursing , *SYSTEMATIC reviews , *QUALITATIVE research , *CRIMINALS with mental illness , *PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Accessible summary Little is known about how the prison environment may impact upon the mental health of adult prisoners., This paper highlights that prisoners perceive that the prison environment has a negative influence upon their mental health. However, a small number regarded prison as a place of respite, which afforded structure and an opportunity to access health services., There is a need for more research in this area specifically relating to the impact the prison climate may have upon those from black and minority ethic groups., Nurses must recognize the aspects of the prison environment that may impact upon the mental health of prisoners and demonstrate innovation and imagination in their application of interventions., Abstract Little is known regarding how the prison environment may affect the mental health of adult prisoners. Consequently, there is a need to investigate how this setting may exacerbate mental distress among this community. This literature review explores how the prison climate influences the mental health of adult prisoners. A thematic synthesis approach was used to elicit data relating to the aspects of the prison climate, which influence the mental health of prisoners. Four primary themes emerged from the synthesis: social, emotional, organizational and physical aspects. Prisoners perceive the prison climate to have a negative influence upon their mental health. However, perceived positively, prison was regarded as a place of respite, which afforded structure and an opportunity to access health services. There is limited research available specifically exploring the potential impact of the prison climate upon those from black and ethnic minorities groups. Nurses must recognize the aspects of the prison environment that may impact upon the mental health of prisoners and demonstrate innovation and imagination in their application of interventions. Additionally nurses need to take an active role in influencing and structuring the political agenda, which governs the clinical setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2015
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104. Men, Women, Trade, and Free Markets.
- Author
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Mansfield, Edward D., Mutz, Diana C., and Silver, Laura R.
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GENDER differences (Psychology) -- Social aspects , *INTERNATIONAL trade -- Social aspects , *ECONOMIC attitudes , *CAPITALISM , *WOMEN'S attitudes , *MEN'S attitudes , *ECONOMIC competition , *ATTITUDE (Psychology) , *ECONOMICS , *PSYCHOLOGY ,SOCIAL aspects - Abstract
In this paper, we provide one of the first systematic analyses of gender's effect on trade attitudes. We draw on a unique representative national survey of American workers that allows us to evaluate a variety of potential explanations for gender differences in attitudes toward free trade and open markets more generally. We find that existing explanations for the gender gap, most notably differences between men and women in economic knowledge and differing material self-interests, do not explain the gap. Rather, the gender difference in trade preferences and attitudes about open markets is due to less favorable attitudes toward competition among women, less willingness to relocate for jobs among women, and more isolationist non-economic foreign policy attitudes among women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
105. Medicaid Consent to Sterilization Forms: Historical, Practical, Ethical, and Advocacy Considerations.
- Author
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BLOCK-ABRAHAM, DANA, ARORA, KAVITA S., TATE, DANIELLE, and GEE, REBEKAH E.
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MEDICAL policy -- History , *HEALTH policy , *STERILIZATION (Birth control) , *INFORMED consent (Medical law) , *DOCUMENTATION , *HEALTH services accessibility , *MEDICAID , *PATIENT advocacy , *ETHICS , *PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
The US government developed a Medicaid Consent to Sterilization form in the mid-1970s to protect vulnerable populations from coerced sterilization. US health care practices have evolved significantly since that time. The form, however, has not changed, and may be preventing access to desired services for the same vulnerable populations it was originally created to protect. This paper discusses the relevant historical, practical use, ethical, and advocacy considerations of the Medicaid sterilization consent form and proposes changes to make the form more pertinent to today's medical environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2015
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106. Migration-related detention centers: the challenges of an ecological perspective with a focus on justice.
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Esposito, Francesca, Ornelas, José, and Arcidiacono, Caterina
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IMMIGRANTS , *ADAPTABILITY (Personality) , *ASSOCIATIONS, institutions, etc. , *COMMUNITIES , *CONCEPTUAL structures , *CORRECTIONAL institutions , *ECOLOGY , *INTERPERSONAL relations , *MENTAL health , *PSYCHOLOGY , *SOCIAL justice , *SOCIAL context - Abstract
Background: In recent years, border control and migration-related detention have become increasingly widespread practices affecting the lives of undocumented migrants, their families, and communities at large. In spite of the concern within academia, few studies have directly witnessed the life and experiences of people confined to migration-related detention centers. In the medical and psychological fields, a considerable body of research has demonstrated the pathogenic nature of detention in terms of mental health, showing an association between length of detention and severity of distress. Nevertheless, it was limited to the assessment of individuals' clinical consequences, mainly focusing on asylum seekers. There currently exists a need to adopt an ecological perspective from which to study detained migrants' experiences as context-dependent, and influenced by power inequalities. This paper addresses this gap. Discussion: Drawing upon advances in community psychology, we illustrate an ecological framework for the study of migration-related detention contexts, and their effects on the lives of detained migrants and all people exposed to them. Making use of existing literature, Kelly's four principles (interdependence, cycling of resources, adaptation, succession) are analyzed at multiple ecological levels (personal, interpersonal, organizational, communal), highlighting implications for future research in this field. A focus on justice, as a key-dimension of analysis, is also discussed. Wellbeing is acknowledged as a multilevel, dynamic, and value-dependent phenomenon. Summary: In presenting this alternative framework, the potential for studying migration-related detention through an ecological lens is highlighted, pointing the way for future fields of study. We argue that ecological multilevel analyses, conceptualized in terms of interdependent systems and with a focus on justice, can enhance the comprehension of the dynamics at play in migration-related detention centers, providing an effective tool to address the multi-level challenges of doing research within them. Furthermore, they can contribute to the development of policies and practices concerned with health, equality, and human rights of all people exposed to migration-related detention. Consistent with these assumptions, empirical studies adopting such a framework are strongly encouraged. These studies should use mixed and multi-method culturally situated designs, based on the development of collaborative and empowering relationships with participants. Ethnographic approaches are recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2015
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107. The role of mediation in resolving workplace relationship conflict.
- Author
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McKenzie, Donna Margaret
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MEDIATION , *CONFLICT management , *DISPUTE resolution , *POSTAL workers , *INTERPERSONAL conflict , *EMPLOYEE psychology , *MEDIATORS (Persons) , *PSYCHOLOGY , *MANAGEMENT - Abstract
Stress triggered by workplace-based interpersonal conflict can result in damaged relationships, loss of productivity, diminished job satisfaction and increasingly, workers' compensation claims for psychological injury. This paper examined the literature on the role and effectiveness of mediation, as the most common method of Alternative Dispute Resolution, in resolving workplace relationship conflict. Available evidence suggests that mediation is most effective when supported by organisational commitment to ADR strategies, policies and processes, and conducted by independent, experienced and qualified mediators. The United States Postal Service program REDRESS™ is described as an illustration of the successful use of mediation to resolve conflict in the workplace. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
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108. Interpersonal Weight-Related Pressure and Disordered Eating in College Women: A Test of an Expanded Tripartite Influence Model.
- Author
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Johnson, Shannon, Edwards, Katie, and Gidycz, Christine
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BODY image , *EATING disorders , *BODY weight , *INTERPERSONAL relations in young adults , *WOMEN college students , *DATING (Social customs) , *MASS media & body image , *PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Research has demonstrated that interpersonal weight-related pressures and criticisms are related to body dissatisfaction among college women. Further, research has suggested that romantic partners, in comparison to family and peers, play an increasingly important role in college women's body dissatisfaction. However, research has been inconsistent on the roles that these sources of interpersonal weight-related pressure and criticism play in college women's body dissatisfaction. The influence of romantic partners on college women's body dissatisfaction is important to examine given that college women are developmentally at a time in their lives where issues related to romantic relationships become more salient. Even more, understanding of the influences on college women's body dissatisfaction and resultant disordered eating is critical so that effective prevention and intervention efforts can be developed. Thus, this study examined the influence of family, peer, romantic partner, media weight-related pressures and criticisms on body dissatisfaction and resultant disordered eating (i.e., dieting and bulimic behaviors) among college women. Participants included undergraduate college women ( N = 246) recruited from introductory psychology courses from a mid-sized U.S. Midwestern university. Women completed paper and pencil surveys for course credit. Path analytic results demonstrated that partner and media pressures were related to internalization of the thin ideal, and that family, peer, and media pressures along with internalization of the thin ideal were related to body dissatisfaction. Moreover, body dissatisfaction was related to maladaptive dieting and bulimic behaviors. Prevention and intervention efforts aimed at reducing the impact of various forms of weight-related pressure, especially the media, appear crucial. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
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109. A study of the psycho, social, & economic impact of a US Habitat for Humanity affiliate.
- Author
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Eriks, Christine, Decker, Phillip J., Ainsworth, Natalie, Ward, Rachel, Durand, Roger, Mitchell, Jordan, and Beck, Courtney
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HOUSING , *CONSUMER attitudes , *HUMANITARIANISM , *RESIDENTIAL patterns , *SOCIOECONOMIC factors , *FAMILY attitudes , *PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to inform funders and potential funders alike of the likely outcomes of their financial contributions. Additionally, the authors reported on the assessment of the underlying logic model or theoretical underpinnings of what the authors will term the “Habitat Model.” Design/methodology/approach – This study utilized a one-shot case study design to obtain data. In a one-shot case study the experimental group is exposed to the independent variable (X), then observations of the dependent variable (O) were made. No observations were made before the independent variable was introduced. A one-shot case study design was necessary as this is the first impact study conducted by BAHFH because of the changes within BAHFH over the years as well as the lack of consistent archival data on families and operations. Findings – Most of the feedback obtained from stakeholders was positive. Many of the demographic variables showed significant improvement in partner family life style since moving into a Habitat house. Practical implications – The findings of this study provide evidence of positive economic, social, and psychological impacts on families participating in BAHFH homeownership and on their communities. It also showed substantial economic impacts on the communities served. Furthermore, this study showed that other stakeholders in the process were substantially and positively impacted. Finally, this study pointed to a number of things that BAHFH needed to change such as homeowner education, financial counseling, and the opening of a local ReStore. Originality/value – The current study provides data that provide evidence of positive economic, social, and psychological impacts on families participating in BAHFH homeownership opportunities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2015
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110. A French Description of the Psychology Laboratory of G. S. Hall at Clark University in 1893.
- Author
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NICOLAS, SERGE and YOUNG, JACY L.
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HISTORY of psychology , *PSYCHOLOGY , *EXPERIMENTAL psychology - Abstract
There is a rich tradition of writings about the foundation of psychology laboratories, particularly in the United States and in France. Like their German counterparts, American laboratories of psychology were described by several scholars in French journals. These descriptions stimulated the establishment of laboratories in France and provided templates for laboratory designs. We introduce here an article written by Marcel Baudouin (1860-1941), who visited and subsequently described the psychology laboratory of Granville Stanley Hall (1844-1924) at Clark University in Worcester, Massachusetts. The English translation of Baudouin's paper, provided here, constitutes an interesting new document on Hall's laboratory at Clark University as it stood in 1893. From the French perspective, the Clark laboratory provided an ideal model for the experimental psychology laboratory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
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111. Identity-Driven Differences in Stakeholder Concerns about Hunting Wolves.
- Author
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Lute, Michelle L., Bump, Adam, and Gore, Meredith L.
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WOLVES , *STAKEHOLDER theory , *STATISTICAL sampling , *HUNTING - Abstract
Whereas past wolf management in the United States was restricted to recovery, managers must now contend with publicly contentious post-recovery issues including regulated hunting seasons. Understanding stakeholder concerns associated with hunting can inform stakeholder engagement, communication, and policy development and evaluation. Social identity theory (SIT) has been used to understand how groups interact, why they conflict, and how collaboration may be achieved. Applying SIT to stakeholder conflicts about wolf hunting may help delineate groups according to their concern about, support for or opposition to the policy choice of hunting wolves. Our objective was to assess concerns about hunting as a tool to resolve conflict in Michigan, using SIT as a framework. We used a mixed-modal sampling approach (e.g., paper, Internet) with wolf hunting-related public meeting participants in March 2013. Survey questions focused on 12 concerns previously identified as associated with hunting as a management tool to resolve conflict. Respondents (n = 666) cared greatly about wolves but were divided over hunting wolves. Wolf conflicts, use of science in policy decisions, and maintaining a wolf population were the highest ranked concerns. Principle components analysis reduced concerns into three factors that explained 50.7% of total variance; concerns crystallized over justifications for hunting. General linear models revealed a lack of geographic influence on care, fear and support for hunting related to wolves. These findings challenge assumptions about regional differences and suggest a strong role for social identity in driving dichotomized public perceptions in wildlife management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
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112. Prevalence and correlates of disordered eating in female figure skaters.
- Author
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Voelker, Dana K., Gould, Dan, and Reel, Justine J.
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BODY weight , *PERSONAL beauty , *BODY image , *COMPARATIVE studies , *EATING disorders , *EPIDEMIOLOGICAL research , *FORECASTING , *PERSONALITY , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *SELF-perception , *ICE skating , *SPORTS psychology , *SURVEYS , *WOMEN'S health , *WOMEN athletes , *BODY mass index , *ELITE athletes , *CROSS-sectional method , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Objectives The purposes of this study were to (a) examine the prevalence of disordered eating among female figure skaters, (b) compare levels of disordered eating between skaters and their same-age peers, (c) compare levels of disordered eating between elite skaters and their sub-elite counterparts, and (d) examine general and sport-related correlates of disordered eating (i.e., four sport-related weight pressures, general and sport-related body dissatisfaction, positive and negative perfectionism, self-esteem, and athletic identity). Design This study employed a cross-sectional design. Methods Participants completed paper–pencil surveys, including measures for disordered eating, four sport-related weight pressures, general and sport-related body dissatisfaction, positive and negative perfectionism, self-esteem, and athletic identity. Participants included 272 female figure skaters ages 12–25 ( M = 15.63) across five US states. Results Thirteen percent of participants scored within range of problematic eating attitudes and behaviors but were no more symptomatic than their same-age peers when compared to existing normative data. Levels of disordered eating did not significantly differ between those competing at the elite and sub-elite level. After controlling for body mass index and age, disordered eating was significantly predicted by self-consciousness of weight and appearance, general and sport-related body dissatisfaction, and positive perfectionism. Conclusions Disordered eating occurs in female figure skaters across competitive levels. Concern over weight and appearance, dissatisfaction with one's body in general and in sport, and positive perfectionism may serve as important tools in the prevention and detection of disordered eating in female figure skaters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
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113. Common Challenges in Conducting Prolonged Exposure Therapy With Active Duty Service Members: Case Discussion and Strategies for Intervention.
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Fina, Brooke, Wright, Edward C., Lichner, Tracey K., Borah, Adam, and Foa, Edna B.
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TREATMENT of post-traumatic stress disorder , *TREATMENT of emotional trauma , *TREATMENT of psychological stress , *WOUND care , *PSYCHOTHERAPY methodology , *DEFENSE mechanisms (Psychology) , *DESENSITIZATION (Psychotherapy) , *CASE studies , *HEALTH outcome assessment , *PSYCHOLOGY , *RESEARCH funding , *SOCIAL services , *MILITARY personnel , *THEORY , *PROFESSIONAL practice , *TREATMENT effectiveness , *REPEATED measures design , *PSYCHOEDUCATION - Abstract
Prolonged Exposure (PE) Therapy receives most of its empirical support from trials conducted with civilian posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) populations. There has been only limited research on its use with military personnel with combat-related PTSD, and as a consequence, there has been less clinical discussion detailing its application with active duty service members. The purpose of this paper is to highlight two challenges that commonly arise when conducting PE with active duty service members: 1) selecting the most appropriate index event to focus on in imaginal exposure out of the numerous traumas an active duty patient is likely to have experienced, and 2) patients’ tendency to engage in “safety behaviors,” which undermine the effectiveness of in vivo exposure. The nature of these challenges is explored from a theoretical perspective, along with two case examples to illustrate their presentation in treatment. Specific strategies for addressing them are reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
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114. Gender Boot Camp for Korean Immigrant Patriarchs: Father School and the New Father Conversion Process.
- Author
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Kim, Allen J.
- Subjects
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KOREANS , *FATHERHOOD , *IMMIGRANTS , *PARENTING education , *FATHER-child relationship , *PATRIARCHY , *CHANGE (Psychology) , *PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
This paper explores the “new father” conversion process undertaken by participants of the worldwide, South Korean–inspired Father School movement. Focusing on first-generation Korean immigrant men living in the United States, men pursue an alternative Western paradigm of fatherhood emphasizing an emotionally expressive and caring “new father” ideal at odds with the distant and domineering fatherhood style that traditionally characterizes much of this population. Based on the ethnographic study of multiday seminars and content analyses of movement rhetoric and men’s personal letters, I assess how immigrant fatherhood is reconstituted within the stew of intensive interaction and affective bonding. The gender conversion process undertaken by these men involves five core elements: (1) trying participation, (2) defining fatherhood models, (3) following organizational roles and guidelines, (4) confessing fatherhood transgressions, and (5) projecting new fatherhood. This study extends conversion theory by explicating the processual and time-specific nature of how these distant immigrant patriarchs learn to become expressive dads. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2014
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115. Franklin Delano Roosevelt: A Famous Patient.
- Author
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Hart, Curtis
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CONVALESCENCE , *CELEBRITIES , *CONFIDENCE , *EMPATHY , *HOLISTIC medicine , *LEADERSHIP , *LIFE change events , *PEOPLE with disabilities , *PHYSICIAN-patient relations , *POLIO , *PRACTICAL politics , *PSYCHOLOGY of the sick , *SOCIAL justice , *TEMPERAMENT , *EMOTIONAL intelligence , *PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Franklin Delano Roosevelt is arguably one of the greatest of American Presidents. His encounter with the polio that crippled him at an early age and its transformative impact upon him are here discussed with particular reference to his relationship with his physician, Dr. George Draper. This transformation liberated energy in Roosevelt to lead and to show empathy for others in ways that both challenged the political and social status quo in the USA as well as helped save the world from the threat of Fascism in World War II. This essay seeks to demonstrate how an investigation of the life and struggles of this famous patient is one avenue for relating the study of the humanities to medical education. An earlier version of this paper was presented as the Heberden Lecture in the History of Medicine at the New York Academy of Medicine in 2012. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
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116. Childhood adversity and adult depression among the incarcerated: Differential exposure and vulnerability by race/ethnicity and gender.
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Roxburgh, Susan and MacArthur, Kelly Rhea
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PRISON psychology , *PRISONERS , *CHILD abuse & psychology , *PSYCHOLOGY of adult child abuse victims , *RACE & society , *GENDER & society , *WOMEN prisoners , *PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
The relationship between childhood adversity and adult depression is well-established but less is known about the association between childhood adversity and adult depression among the incarcerated. In this paper, we examine differential exposure and vulnerability to childhood adversity by race/ethnicity and gender on adult depression among the incarcerated in the United States. We address three research questions: does exposure to childhood adverse experiences vary by race/ethnicity and gender? Is there an association between these childhood adverse events and depression and does the strength of the association vary by the specific adverse experiences? And does vulnerability to childhood adversity vary by gender and race/ethnicity? Using the 2004 Survey of Inmates in State and Federal Correctional Facilities (SI-SFCF), we measure four key childhood adverse events - parental/caretaker substance abuse, physical assault, having been placed in foster care, and sexual assault. We use ordinary least squares regression and a series of interaction effect analyses to examine differential exposure and vulnerability to the four childhood adverse experiences by race/ethnicity and gender. Incarcerated women are more likely to report parental substance abuse, but all inmates/prisoners are similarly vulnerable to this experience. For the other three adverse experiences measured, we find that there are important racial/ethnic and gender differences in both exposure and vulnerability. African American men and women are more vulnerable to the effects of physical and sexual victimization than White and Hispanic men and women. Women are much more likely to be exposed to sexual victimization, but men who report this experience are significantly more depressed. Hispanic women and White men and women are more likely to report foster care, but all inmates/prisoners who report foster care experiences are significantly more depressed than other inmates/prisoners, with the exception of white men. The findings indicate that there are significant differences in exposure and vulnerability to childhood adversity by race/ethnicity and gender. We conclude that in order to effectively design and implement programs to decrease the probability that childhood adversity is a risk factor for adult depression interventions must be targeted toward specific, vulnerable groups according to race/ethnicity and gender. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
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117. Social capital and immunization against the 2009 A(H1N1) pandemic in the American States.
- Author
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Rönnerstrand, B.
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IMMUNIZATION , *INFLUENZA vaccines , *CONFIDENCE intervals , *STATISTICAL correlation , *MULTIVARIATE analysis , *REGRESSION analysis , *SOCIAL capital , *H1N1 influenza , *DATA analysis software , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *ODDS ratio , *PSYCHOLOGY , *VACCINATION , *THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
The objective of this paper was to investigate the association between contextual social capital and immunization coverage rates. A cross-sectional, ecologic study design was used. Three different estimations of contextual social capital in American states have been used. Data on immunization coverage rates at state level comes from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Correlation coefficients were calculated to investigate the bivariate association between the independent variable social capital and the dependent variable 2009 A(H1N1) immunization coverage rates. A multivariate OLS regression model was used to investigate the association between contextual social capital and immunization, under control for state-level health care spending per capita, state population, population per square mile, and median age in the American States. Results show that Social capital was strongly correlated with 2009 A(H1N1) immunization acceptance among American States. In a multivariate regression analysis, the association remains strong and significant also when controlling state-level confounders. In conclusion, social capital, at least in a U.S. context, is shown to be associated with the state-level uptake of vaccination against the 2009 A(H1N1) pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
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118. Pediatric psychosocial care: Historical context and a theoretically informed practice model.
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Williams, Natalie A., Brik, Anis Ben, Petkus, Justin M., and Clark, Holly
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CHRONIC disease treatment , *ADAPTABILITY (Personality) , *PSYCHOLOGICAL adaptation , *HOSPITAL care of children , *FAMILY medicine , *MATHEMATICAL models , *PATIENT-family relations , *MEDICAL personnel , *PATIENT-professional relations , *PSYCHOLOGY , *PSYCHOLOGICAL resilience , *THEORY , *SOCIAL support , *PATIENTS' families , *CHILDREN - Abstract
Serious child illness and hospitalization can have a lasting negative impact on children and their families. Pediatric psychosocial care (PPC) approaches are implemented to promote child resilience within medical settings and to optimize quality of life for children affected by chronic health conditions. However, numerous opportunities remain to adopt best practices and enhance the well-being of children facing illness and hospitalization in the United States and globally. This paper situates contemporary approaches to PPC within their historical context, beginning in the early 20th century. Prominent theories that guide PPC professionals' work with hospitalized children and their families are reviewed, highlighting the practical implications of these theories for family systems-oriented practitioners working with hospitalized children. An approach to integrating theory with practice for the eclectic practitioner is illustrated using a hypothetical case study. Finally, the paper concludes with recommendations for building the evidence base for PPC through theory-driven research and quality improvement initiatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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119. Color Me Subversive.
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MARSH, LAURA
- Subjects
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COLORING books , *AMERICAN satire , *LITERARY criticism , *HISTORY of psychoanalysis , *CRAYONS , *AMERICAN political satire , *COLORING books for adults , *TWENTIETH century , *PSYCHOLOGY , *HISTORY , *MANNERS & customs ,20TH century United States history - Abstract
The article discusses the popularity of adult coloring books in the U.S. in 1962. Topics include the political and satirical aspects of 1960s adult coloring books, the therapeutic intent of adult coloring books as of 2016, and the relation of 1960s interest in adult coloring books to psychoanalysis. The history of widely available crayons is addressed.
- Published
- 2016
120. Psychology Is an Essential Science: American Psychologist Highlights the Role of Psychology in Understanding and Addressing COVID-19.
- Author
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Kazak, Anne E.
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PSYCHOLOGISTS , *EPIDEMICS , *PSYCHOLOGY , *PUBLISHING , *SERIAL publications , *COVID-19 - Abstract
Psychology has much to contribute in terms of understanding and influencing the impact of the global coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. To disseminate articles on key issues related to the pandemic in a time-sensitive manner, American Psychologist opened its Call for Papers in spring 2020. The journal applied a rapid review mechanism in order to publish articles on important aspects of the pandemic quickly. The response from around the world has been striking. The editors are pleased to publish the first articles in this ongoing series in the current issue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
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121. Personal social networks and organizational affiliation of South Asians in the United States.
- Author
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Kandula, Namratha R., Cooper, Andrew J., Schneider, John A., Fujimoto, Kayo, Kanaya, Alka M., Van Horn, Linda, deKoning, Lawrence, and Siddique, Juned
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LIFESTYLES & health , *HEALTH behavior , *SOCIAL networks , *HEALTH outcome assessment , *PUBLIC health , *ASIANS , *ATHEROSCLEROSIS , *IMMIGRANTS , *PSYCHOLOGY of immigrants , *LONGITUDINAL method , *RESEARCH funding , *SOCIAL support , *INSTITUTIONAL cooperation , *PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
Background: Understanding the social lives of South Asian immigrants in the United States (U.S) and their influence on health can inform interpersonal and community-level health interventions for this growing community. This paper describe the rationale, survey design, measurement, and network properties of 700 South Asian individuals in the Mediators of Atherosclerosis in South Asians Living in America (MASALA) social networks ancillary study.Methods: MASALA is a community-based cohort, established in 2010, to understand risk factors for cardiovascular disease among South Asians living in the U.S. Survey data collection on personal social networks occurred between 2014 and 2017. Network measurements included size, composition, density, and organizational affiliations. Data on participants' self-rated health and social support functions and health-related discussions among network members were also collected.Results: Participants' age ranged from 44 to 84 (average 59 years), and 57% were men. South Asians had large (size=5.6, SD=2.6), kin-centered (proportion kin=0.71, SD=0.28), and dense networks. Affiliation with religious and spiritual organizations was perceived as beneficial to health. Emotional closeness with network members was positively associated with participants' self-rated health (p-value <0.001), and networks with higher density and more kin were significantly associated with health-related discussions.Discussion: The MASALA networks study advances research on the cultural patterning of social relationships and sources of social support in South Asians living in the U.S. Future analyses will examine how personal social networks and organizational affiliations influence South Asians' health behaviors and outcomes.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02268513. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
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122. The Doctor Is In…and Down.
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ZIV, STAV
- Subjects
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MENTAL depression , *MENTAL health , *RESIDENTS (Medicine) , *INTERNS (Medicine) , *PSYCHOLOGY of adults , *PSYCHOLOGY - Abstract
The article discusses how residencies seem to be making physicians-in-training depressed, according to a paper published in "JAMA." It details the Intern Health Study led by Dr. Srijan Sen of the University of Michigan which reveals that the overall rate of depression or depressive symptoms among interns and residents was 28.8%, contrary to the 6.6% of adults in the U.S. who experienced a major depressive episode over the course of 2014.
- Published
- 2016
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