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The bearing fault impact impulses induced by the contact between components with drawback, is difficult to be detected at sprouting stage due to the interference of background noise, harmonics, random shocks, etc. In this paper, an impulse feature enhanced weighted sparse representation (IFEWSR) algorithm is proposed to accurately detect the weak bearing fault impact feature from incipient stage condition monitoring (CM) signal. Firstly, a modified fault period estimation method is presented to improve the robustness and reduce the computational complexity of recently proposed algorithms. Secondly, a novel weighting strategy on wavelet coefficients, indicated by the period-assisted corelated kurtosis of envelope spectrum (CKSES), is presented to denote the contribution of subband signals for sparse representation calculation framework. In addition, the mean normalized energy-weight deviation (MNEWD) rule is proposed to evaluate the performance of the weighting algorithm on subband signals which is blank at present. Thirdly, a novel fault feature enhancement technique is developed to better capture the bearing fault feature information. The effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method are proved by simulation and experiments. Results show that the proposed IFEWSR method provides higher accuracy for incipient fault feature extraction and outperforms other state-of-the-art methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]