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We study the distributed output‐feedback tracking control problem by linear sampled‐data control for nonlinear multi‐agent systems with unmeasurable states in this paper. Noting that sampled‐data control can effectively reduce implementation cost and time, we develop a novel linear sampled‐data high‐gain homogeneous domination control strategy by integrating backstepping method and high‐gain homogeneous domination method into sampled‐data control. A series of linear sampled‐data output‐feedback controllers and reduced‐order observers are designed to ensure that the output tracking errors can be tuned arbitrarily small while all states of the closed‐loop system are globally bounded. A numerical example is given to verify the effectiveness of the sampled‐data strategy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the dynamic event-triggered composite anti-disturbance and fault-tolerant tracking problem of ships with external ocean disturbances and actuator fault effects. The dynamic event-triggered composite anti-disturbance and fault-disturbance tracking is achieved by combining the disturbance observer and the fault observer with the dynamic event-triggering and the vectorial backstepping control method. The nonlinear disturbance observer is constructed to obtain the online external disturbance estimations in the ocean time-varying environment and thus overcome the unexpected disturbances. The actuator fault observer is exploited to achieve the online fault estimations of actuator faults. The dynamic event-triggered mechanism reduces execution frequencies of control signals to mitigate the tear and wear of ship actuators. The dynamic event-triggered composite disturbance compensation fault-tolerant control ensures the globally uniformly ultimately stability of tracking control system and enables the ship to track the expected trajectory with the small errors. Simulations and comparisons with static event-triggered control on a full-scaled ship validate the dynamic event-triggered control. • Simultaneously addressing time-varying disturbances and actuator faults with observers. • The actuator faults generated by thruster dynamics are included in the composite control. • The dynamic event-triggering with filtering signals mitigate the tear and wear of actuators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]