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Reuse of agricultural and industrial wastes simultaneously to prepare hydrochars (HCs) for removal of NH 4 + and PO 4 3− in practical sewage without additional wastes produced is still a challenge. Herein, HCs were fabricated by combination of rape straw and industrial sewage sludge to remove NH 4 + and PO 4 3− from hoggery effluent. Synthesis conditions were firstly optimized and optimized HC (OPT-HC) was further applied to adsorb NH 4 + and PO 4 3−. Monolayer and Pseudo-first-order as well as Pseudo-second-orders were confirmed via adsorption kinetic and isothermal adsorption studies. Morphologies and surface areas of the OPT-HC did not show any transformations before and after adsorption of NH 4 + and PO 4 3−. The OPT-HC after adsorption of NH 4 + and PO 4 3− (OPT–HC–N/P) was further applied as fertilizer for planting Ping-pong Chrysanthemum. Results indicate that the OPT–HC–N/P can improve comprehensive qualities of the Ping-pong Chrysanthemum such as plant height, fresh, Vitamin C, Chlorophyll, soluble protein and sugar because the OPT–HC–N/P can provide extra N and P elements and also promote to release available K in soil. OPT–HC–N/P treated Ping-pong Chrysanthemum open flowers in advance. Thus, two kinds of wastes were re-utilized to remove N and P in real-life effluent. • Agricultural and industrial wastes were used to prepare hydrochars. • The hydrochars can be applied to remove N and P in hoggery effluent. • No wastes produced after removal of N and P. • Horticultural/agricultural applications were further realized. • Qualities of Ping-pong Chrysanthemum improved by HC after adsorption of N and P. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]