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We demonstrate that a convex combination of the Nagumo and Perron growth conditions guarantees the existence of a unique solution to an ordinary differential equation, which can be obtained as the uniform limit of a sequence of successive approximations. Furthermore, we give a sufficient condition for the pathwise uniqueness of solutions to stochastic differential equations driven by Brownian motions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Implantable biomedical patch used in treating abdominal wall defects requires antibacterial, anti‐adhesion, and pro‐healing activities to ensure surgical success and prevent postsurgical complications. However, it often encounters challenges in fulfilling these three critical properties simultaneously, as these processes can always be contradictory during treatment. Herein, to break the barriers between bactericidal activity and cytocompatibility, cell adhesion and anti‐adhesion, a bio‐inspired patch with an asymmetric Janus structure is developed. This bio‐inspired Janus patch features cicada wing‐inspired nanostructures on its top surface, enabling both mechano–bactericidal effects and promotion of fibroblast adhesion and proliferation, which stems from its inherent “selective biocidal activity” toward bacteria and mammalian cells. Subsequently, a poly‐zwitterion layer with robust nonfouling properties is grafted on the bottom surface, realizing cell adhesion and anti‐adhesion on two sides of the same patch. Compared to the commercially available polypropylene (PP) meshes, the top surface of the Janus patch, which faces the abdominal wall, demonstrates superior capabilities in preventing postoperative infection and promoting tissue repair. Simultaneously, the other side facing the viscera efficiently prevents any visceral tissue adhesion. With these prominent performances, the bio‐inspired Janus patch presents a pioneering strategy for designing next‐generation patches to treat abdominal wall defects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels have arisen as candidate materials to simulate the extracellular matrix and restore the functions of both cartilage and hard bones. However, integration of bone tissue adhesion and long-term osteogenic properties in one hydrogel is often ignored. Herein, a strategy to construct nanocomposite hydrogel with host tissue adhesive properties, enhanced mechanical strength, improved stability and osteogenic effects was developed. Simvastatin (SIM) was firstly incorporated into zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) and surface decoration with hydroxyapatite was realized to obtain SIM loaded and hydroxyapatite modified ZIF-8 particles (SP). As the inorganic strengthening component, SP could further cross-link the mixture of dopamine-hyaluronic acid (dHA) and tannic (TA) via coordination interaction to fabricate the hybrid adhesive hydrogel (dHA/TA/SP). Sufficient phenolic groups endowed dHA/TA/SP with excellent tissue adhesion and antibacterial properties, while incorporation of SP significantly improved the mechanical strength and stability of hydrogel. Further, due to the multiple protective effects of ZIF-8 and hydrogel, SIM was sustainably released from dHA/TA/SP. Together with the active Zn2+ and Ca2+, the expressions of ALP, OCN and RUNX2 were upregulated, and the mineralization was also promoted. With significant osteogenic effect in vitro and in vivo, this nanocomposite adhesive hydrogel holds great potential for bone defects repair. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels have arisen as candidate materials to simulate the extracellular matrix and restore the functions of both cartilage and hard bones. However, integration of bone tissue adhesion and long-term osteogenic properties in one hydrogel is often ignored. Herein, a strategy to construct nanocomposite hydrogel with host tissue adhesive properties, enhanced mechanical strength, improved stability and osteogenic effects was developed. Simvastatin (SIM) was firstly incorporated into zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) and surface decoration with hydroxyapatite was realized to obtain SIM loaded and hydroxyapatite modified ZIF-8 particles (SP). As the inorganic strengthening component, SP could further cross-link the mixture of dopamine-hyaluronic acid (dHA) and tannic (TA) via coordination interaction to fabricate the hybrid adhesive hydrogel (dHA/TA/SP). Sufficient phenolic groups endowed dHA/TA/SP with excellent tissue adhesion and antibacterial properties, while incorporation of SP significantly improved the mechanical strength and stability of hydrogel. Further, due to the multiple protective effects of ZIF-8 and hydrogel, SIM was sustainably released from dHA/TA/SP. Together with the active Zn2+ and Ca2+, the expressions of ALP, OCN and RUNX2 were upregulated, and the mineralization was also promoted. With significant osteogenic effect in vitro and in vivo, this nanocomposite adhesive hydrogel holds great potential for bone defects repair. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

N-ethylcarbazole (NEC) is one of the most promising liquid organic hydrogen carriers (LOHCs) due to its low dehydrogenation enthalpy. The development of an efficient catalyst for the dehydrogenation of dodecahydro-N-ethylcarbazole (H 12 -NEC) is the key to the large-scale application of LOHCs. In this paper, Ni/MCM-41 was prepared by chemical reduction method using MCM-41 as the carrier, and then MCM-41 loaded Ni n @Pd 1 core-shell nanocatalysts (Ni n @Pd 1 /M41) were prepared by ultrasound-assisted galvanic replacement method using Ni as the templating agent and reducing agent. It was shown that there was electron transfer between Ni and Pd, and SMSI effect of Ni n @Pd 1 with MCM-41 by the characterization results of Ni n @Pd 1 /M41, which promoted the catalytic performance. H 12 -NEC dehydrogenation efficiency over Ni 6 @Pd 1 /M41 reached 100% at 180 °C for 4 h and at 170 °C for 6 h, and 97.58% for 6 h at 160 ℃, and TOF was 5080.6 h−1, which was better than that reported in the literature. The excellent catalytic dehydrogenation performance of Ni 6 @Pd 1 /M41 can mainly be attributed to the synergistic effect of coordination and strain effects between the bimetals. [Display omitted] • Ni n @Pd 1 /M41 core-shell catalysts for H 12 -NEC dehydrogenation were prepared by ultrasound-assisted galvanic replacement. • Coordination and strain effect between Ni and Pd, SMSI effect of Ni n @Pd 1 with MCM-41 improved the catalytic performance. • H 12 -NEC dehydrogenation efficiency over Ni 6 @Pd 1 /M41 reached 100% at 180 ℃ for 4 h and at 170 ℃ for 6 h. • TOF of H 12 -NEC dehydrogenation over Ni 6 @Pd 1 /M41 was 5080.6 h−1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interactive display is an important part of electronic devices. It is widely used in smartphones, laptops, and industrial equipment. To achieve 3-dimensional detection, the piezoelectric touch panel gains great popularity for its advantages of high sensitivity, low cost, and simple structure. In order to help readers understand the basic principles and the current technical status, this article introduces the work principles of the piezoelectric touch panel, widely-used piezoelectric materials and their characteristics, as well as the applications of the piezoelectric touch panel. The challenges and future trends are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Owing to the limited natural distributions and special medicine-industrial values of Viola philippica , it's urgently needed to explore its population-level differences for promoting the resource utilization efficiencies of this plant. The hypothesis of this study was that different populations of V. philippica plants would have broad-scale differences and interactions of leaf-accumulated metabolites and leaf-colonized bacteria. Hence, two populations (vi-p and vi-j) of this plant were typically collected in China for analyzing multiomics. At first, vi-p and vi-j leaf metabolomes (LMs) were presented with 1,003 metabolites; in contrast of vi-p-LMs, 445 differently accumulated metabolites (DAMs) were identified in vi-j-LMs, with the only up-regulated lipids, vitamin and ketone compounds, the only down-regulated aldehyde compounds, the most up-regulated flavonoids, and the most down-regulated phenylpropanoid compounds. In comparative of vi-p leaf transcriptomes (LTs), 4,645 differently expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in vi-j-LTs, which were typically involved in a series of extracellular defenses and secondary metabolic pathways; the DEGs were frequently co-enriched with DAMs in three biosynthesis pathways of phenylpropanoid, flavonoid, and α-linolenic acid. Furthermore, these DAMs were also found to have the significant correlations with some different types or/and abundances of leaf-assembled bacteria (DTAB) between vi-p and vi-j leaf-assembled bacterial communities (LABCs). Taken together, this study reveals the broad-scale patterns of regulating vi-p and vi-j leaf DAMs with DEGs and DTAB, suggesting that it's essential of keeping plant-population and -habitat diversities for harvesting population-level DAMs in V. philippica. • The plant-level functional metabolites were integrally uncovered in V. philippica. • Two plant populations were identified with differently accumulated metabolites (DAMs). • The typical DAMs were co-enriched with differently expressed genes (DEGs). • These DAMs were also correlated with different types or/and abundances bacteria (DTAB). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A new nanoprobe (DTAAT) has been designed based on DNA tetrahedral supported hybridization chain reaction (HCR) for in situ analysis of bacteria. • DTAAT can recognize bacteria by dual binding of antibody and aptamer, which improves specificity and sensitivity for in situ analysis of bacteria. • DTAAT as a nanoprobe can be used for in situ imaging and quantitative analysis of bacteria. A new nanoprobe (DTAAT) has been well designed based on DNA tetrahedron supported hybridization chain reaction (HCR) and further applied for in situ analysis of bacteria. Antibody-aptamer conjugate (AA) has been coupled with DNA tetrahedron (DT) followed by the linkage of trigger strand (A). Bacteria can be preciously recognized by dual binding of both antibody and aptamer in DTAAT, to release trigger strand which is complementary with aptamer. By virtue of proximity effect, the released trigger strand can further efficiently induce the simultaneous occurrence of arrays of HCR at three vertices of DT, with rapid reaction rate of 359.29 min−1 in comparison with that of 212.60 min−1 for free HCR. DTAAT can be served for in situ imaging of bacteria by confocal laser scanning microscopy and single-cell characterization by flow cytometry. Moreover, using DTAAT as probe, the quantitative analysis of bacteria can be realized with high specificity and anti-interference capability. In a word, the developed DTAAT nanoprobe has a great potential for accurate and sensitive in situ analysis of bacteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Constructing safe and effective antibacterial surfaces has continuously received great attention, especially in healthcare-related fields. Bioinspired mechano-bactericidal nanostructure surfaces could serve as a promising strategy to reduce surface bacterial contamination while avoiding the development of antibiotic resistance. Although effective, these nanostructure surfaces are prone to be contaminated by the accumulation of dead bacteria, inevitably compromising their long-term antibacterial activity. Herein, a bioinspired nanopillar surface with both mechano-bactericidal and releasing actions is developed, via grafting zwitterionic polymer (poly(sulfobetaine methacrylate) (PSBMA)) on ZnO nanopillars. Under dry conditions, this nanopillar surface displays remarkable mechano-bactericidal activity, because the collapsed zwitterionic polymer layer makes no essential influence on nanopillar structure. Once being incubated with aqueous solution, the surface could readily detach the killed bacteria and debris, owing to the swelling of the zwitterionic layer. Consequentially, the surface antibacterial performances can be rapidly and controllably switched between mechano-bactericidal action and bacteria-releasing activity, guaranteeing a long-lasting antibacterial performance. Notably, these collaborative antibacterial behaviors are solely based on physical actions, avoiding the risk of triggering bacteria resistance. The resultant nanopillar surface also enjoys the advantages of substrate-independency and good biocompatibility, offering potential antibacterial applications for biomedical devices and hospital surfaces. [Display omitted] • A bioinspired nanopillar surface (ZnO-PSBMA) was designed. • ZnO-PSBMA played switchable mechano-bactericidal and releasing actions. • These antibacterial behaviors were solely based on physical actions, avoiding the risk of triggering bacteria resistance. • ZnO-PSBMA nanopillar showed substrate-independency and good biocompatibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sema4D, a member of the immune semaphorin family, plays crucial roles in the immune regulation, bone resorption and nervous system. It is also involved in angiogenesis and tumour progression. However, systemic studies on the correlation between Sema4D expression and the immune infiltration or clinical outcomes in tumours are still limited. Here, we analysed the landscape of Sema4D expression and its prognostic value in the cancer genome atlas pan-cancer as well as the correlation between Sema4D and immune cell infiltration by Tumour Immune Estimation Resource and Gene Expression Profiling interactive analysis online tools. Results showed that a higher Sema4D expression was significantly correlated with a favourable overall survival in diverse solid tumours including bladder cancer (Hazards Ratio (HR)=0.68, p =.0095), kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (HR = 0.61, p =.0016), melanoma (HR = 0.58, p = 6.6e-05) and thymoma (HR = 0.1, p =.011). Interestingly, Sema4D expression has positive correlation with various tumour infiltrating immune cells and immune cell biomarkers in these tumours. These results suggest that Sema4D could be a prospective biomarker for calculating hazard ratio of tumour patients and their tumour immune infiltration levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]