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Carl Ritter von Ghega was proclaimed 201 8 Surveyor of the Year on 21 March 201 8. In this paper, we explore how this Austrian of Albanian extraction, born in Venice, played an important role in geodesy and the surveying profession and the honours he got up to the present day. We investigate his background and details of his professional path, education and most important contributions in the areas of surveying and engineering at large. We describe his most significant achievement, that is, the Semmering Railway, which was dismissed at the time as impossible to achieve. In 1 998, the Semmering Railway was inscribed in the UNESCO World Heritage List. Apart from this project, which left a great impression on the engineering profession, von Ghega also developed the Borovnica Viaduct built in the mid-1 9th century in Slovenia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A large majority of apartment tenures for apartments acquired at the beginning of the 1990s in Croatia have not yet been entered in the Land Registry. The reason for not entering ownership in the books is the same or almost the same as during purchase: the inconsistency of official data on ors on which buildings have been built, i.e. data from the Cadastre and the Land Registry, incomplete building documentation for completed structures and unresolved ownership issues regarding cadastre lots (e.g. those still owned by a local authority, companies which no longer exist, unknown proprietors, etc.). The Act on Ownership and the Regulations on Linking the Book of Deposited Contracts and the Land Registry prescribe the entry of apartment ownership, as recorded in the Book of Deposited Contracts, in the Land Registry. Taking into consideration the corn plexity of the issue, this paper elaborates the facts, obstacles and proposals in the process of linking the Land Registry with the Book of Deposited Contracts, from the surveyor's point of view with regard to analysing the problem. Surveying is the profession competent to link and coordinate the state of data on cadastre lots on which buildings containing apartments with tenancy rights have been built. Using specific information provided by three building managers, the facts on ownership entry in the Land Registry and the Book of Deposited Contracts of actual buildings are presented in this paper. Furthermore, an overview is provided of the preliminary actions required in the form of producing suitable surveying plans to give building managers direction and some guidance as to which steps to take in successfully tackling the issue of linking the Land Registry with the Book of Deposited Contracts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A conference paper about the status of cartography in Croatia for 2007-2011 is presented. Croatia is a member of the International Cartographic Association (ICA) and the Croatian Cartographic Society (CCS) is responsible for submitting reports about cartographic activities in the country. The State Geodetic Association (SGA) is the government agency involved with administrative and expert work from the fields of cartography, geodesy, cadastre and photogrammetry.

The paper describes surveying a part of the meridian arc in Lapland (border of Sweden and Finland). The field team had great difficulty with the climate and terrain configuration. However, they managed to prove that the Earth is roughly shaped as a rotational ellipsoid and confirm theoretical assumptions on Newton and Huygens that the arc length of one meridian degree near a pole is greater than at smaller latitudes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper describes surveying a part of the meridian arc in Lapland (border of Sweden and Finland). The field team had great difficulty with the climate and terrain configuration. However, they managed to prove that the Earth is roughly shaped as a rotational ellipsoid and confirm theoretical assumptions on Newton and Huygens that the arc length of one meridian degree near a pole is greater than at smaller latitudes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an overview of the work of Ruđer Josip Bošković, emphasising his activities as a cartographer and surveyor. Bošković made a great contribution to the geodesy and surveying of his time through innovations which he initially used to achieve better accuracy of measurement. He concluded that existing maps did not meet the needs of professional and expert use. As a result of his surveying and travels, he made a Map of the Ecclesiastical State, often appending his opinions and criticisms of other experts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Various disasters, which occur often, can be catastrophic to mankind. The development of technology enables geodesy and geoinformation to actively participate in the process of disaster management. Geoinformation are the basis for planning, monitoring and evacuating population in the process of disaster management. This paper has the objective to emphasize the role of geodesy and especially geoinformation in applying the process of disaster management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although still not a member State of the European Union, Croatia has recognized in the spatial data infrastructure a concept that can significantly incite the modernization and effectiveness of the State administration, and create preconditions for the accelerated economic growth. Given this fact, Croatia has defined, after preparations, which lasted several years, the legal framework for the national spatial data infrastructure establishment by adopting the Law on State Survey and Real Property Cadastre in 2007. During the adoption of this Law, great attention was paid to it being in line with the EU INSPIRE Directive (European Union, 2007) that was being adopted at the time, so the adopted provisions were fully compatible with the INSPIRE provisions. Regarding the model that Croatia has chosen in the establishment of its National Spatial Data Infrastructure (NSDI), the role of the State Geodetic Administration (SGA), the Croatian National Mapping and Cadastre Agency (NMCA), is significant. The SGA acts as a coordination body for the NSDI establishment, giving technical support to the NSDI bodies. One of the obligations is the establishment of a metadata catalogue through the national geoportal. Significant activities have been undertaken in the field of raising the awareness. The most important studies describing the manner of the NSDI establishment and current national as well as European situation have been translated into Croatian language and distributed to more than 1,000 NSDI stakeholders. Several workshops have been organized in order to transfer the best practices from the countries that have achieved big progress in this field. In parallel with the national activities, Croatia, or rather the SGA, has recognized that the spatial data infrastructure (SDI) development cannot be based on isolated national activities connected exclusively to the INSPIRE Directive but that the Croatian spatial data infrastructure development activities must be part of the development of the regional and European spatial data infrastructure (ESDI). In this context, Croatia has recognized South-Eastern Europe as a region sharing many similarities, whether with regards to the historical legacy, development degree, current development directions, reform activities or the SDI development stage, although it should be pointed out that there are also differences. Given the above-mentioned similarities, Croatia has instigated the regional cooperation linked to the development of both national and regional SDI's. Concrete achievements on this road are the establishment of the regional cooperation between cadastral organization, launching of the annual regional conference on the cadastre and preparation of the first regional SDI project entitled INSPIRATION -- Spatial Data Infrastructure in the Western Balkans (Inspiration project). At the European level, the SGA is member of EuroGeographics, European organization whose purpose is the improvement of the ESDI development, including topographic information, cadastre and land information. This paper describes the role and activities of the SGA in the SDI establishment at the national, regional and European level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper is a historical overview of beginnings of establishing trigonometric networks to determine the Earth's size and produce accurate maps. First, the book "Five Books About All Kinds of Triangles" from 1464 by Johannes Regiomontanus about existing trigonometry knowledge is described. This is followed by mention of Petrus Apianus and his book "Cosmographicus Liber" in which Reigner Gemma Frisius published his work in a supplement to a subsequent edition in 1533. In it, he proposed using trigonometric networks (triangulation) as an accurate method for determining position of points on the Earth. It is little-known that the famous astronomer Tycho Brahe established a trigonometric network in Öresund, intending for it to become the foundation for producing a map of the entire Danish Empire. Unfortunately, he surveyed all required values in the trigonometric network, but did not calculate the trigonometric points' coordinates. Snellius (Willebrord Snel van Royen) was the first to establish a trigonometric network and calculate point coordinates and determined the Earth's size with the greatest accuracy of the time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One type of thematic maps is also the map of archeological sites. In order to obtain high-quality cartographic presentation on thematic maps of archaeological sites, a cartographer must know the basic terms and classification of archaeology The paper presents a few existing archaeological maps (static and interactive) and there is also the interactive map of archaeological sites on the island Pag presented. The map has been made within the frame of the diploma thesis by a student Martina Triplat, and the data presented are the result of research made at the archaeological sites of the island Pag and of the geodetic works made at the excavation sites in Uvala Vlaška, the locality Blato and at the economic objects in the vicinity of the locality Blato. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Activities on creation of proposal for new map projections in Croatia are described in the first part of this paper. New official reference coordinate system for map projection HTRS96/TM is presented, which will be used in Croatia for the needs of cadastre and topographic cartography for scales larger than 1:500 000. A program of implementing official geodetic datums and map projections is also mentioned and, in connection with that program, work on the project New Map Projection of the Republic of Croatia -- HTRS96/TM -- Instructions for Practical Use. Two basic tasks are described in details: conversion of geodetic coordinates φ and λ into rectangular coordinates E, N in projection plane and vice versa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the highlights of the Waste Treatment Technologies conference organized by the Croatian Academy of Engineering, Centre for Environment Protection and Development of Sustainable Technologies, and was held in Varaždin, Croatia from June 12 to June 14, 2006. The event held several lectures, paper presentations and poster reports about technical solutions for waste processing. A paper by Miljenko Lapaine dealt with geodesy and cartography.

The article discusses the highlights of the First Regional Training of the INSPIRATION Project and Fifth Regional Conference on Cadastre and Spatial Data Infrastructure that were held in Banja Luka, Bosnia and Hercegovina from June 5-6, 2012. The topics discussed at the regional training include spatial data infrastructure, the INSPIRE directive and data specification. Danko Markovinović of Croatia presented a paper on geodesy and geoinformation.

An introduction to the journal is presented in which the editor discusses the basic characteristic of "Kartografija i Geoinformacije" journal, the scientific and professional papers on geodesy and cartography, and a representation of a MSc degree.

The article discusses the highlights of the Symposium on Engineering Geodesy with international participation, SIG 2007, which took place from May 16-19, 2007 at the hotel Patria in Beli Manastir, Croatia. Scientific achievements in the field of engineering geodesy were presented via lectures, paper presentations and exhibitions. The themes included geodesy application in civil engineering, standardization and quality control of engineering work, hydrographic surveys, and new surveying and computer technologies.