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I Visions of Nature i focuses on landscape photography produced in settler colonies of the Pacific Rim and employs an interdisciplinary approach, drawing on methodologies and theories from environmental history, geography, and art history. Both artists have appropriated imagery made by settler artists of their respective homelands to interrogate how settler visual culture took "land away from people". Visions of Nature: How Landscape Photography Shaped Settler Colonialism AND Colonization, Wilderness and Spaces Between: Nineteenth Century Landscape Painting in Australia and the United States: By Jarrod Hore. [Extracted from the article]

Roma in Europe are suffering from manifold injustices and are subject to serious discrimination; carried out both interpersonally as well as institutionally. As with most forms of oppression, the oppression of Roma has a long history in Europe. This paper shows how a genealogy of the oppression of Roma in Europe provides a more adequate understanding of the oppression that Roma face within Europe nowadays. Furthermore, the paper delineates the particular epistemic features of said oppression with the help of some examples and argues that it takes three forms: epistemic segregation, dominant intelligibility frameworks of white supremacy, and dismissal of ‘the right to be known’. The paper then uses the epistemic dimension of the ongoing oppression to argue that Roma can be accurately described as (a) internally colonized subjects and (b) as suffering from internal colonization – in the midst of Europe. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Leisure has the potential to contribute to processes of colonization and decolonization. In this paper, we propose using trauma-informed practice as part of a decolonizing process in leisure service provision. While trauma-informed practice continues to have it critiques and limitations from a decolonizing perspective, its recognition of the widespread impact of trauma, the role colonization plays in this trauma, and the value it places on safety, trust, empowerment, collaboration, and practitioner humility and responsiveness may provide leisure professional guidance in decolonizing their practice. This paper presents a project involving Indigenous women, which incorporated aspects of TIP into the facilitation of an arts-based leisure workshop. Using poetic-representation—a method purposefully used to evoke and awaken emotions, the paper highlights experiences of challenge, discovery and release, and collective responsibility. Implications emphasize engaging in a conscious and deliberate process that incorporates arts-based leisure, aims to address colonization (e.g., trauma and oppressive systemic structures), and works towards social justice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Addressing intergenerational trauma caused through the impacts of colonization requires healing processes that are specific to the experiences and needs of First Nations peoples. This paper details an evaluation of two Aboriginal healing camps held in South Australia in 2021 and 2022. The camps focused on supporting members of the Stolen Generations, through a combination of First Nations and western healing practices. This paper details the framework used to structure the camps and provides an analysis of interviews with attendees. For the 2021 camp, nine attendees were interviewed before the camp and eight took part in a follow-up interview after the camp. For the 2022 camp, four attendees took part in a single time point interview. Thematic analysis of the interviews resulted in the development of five interrelated themes, focused on connections, belonging, healing, and truth-telling. The paper concludes by considering what the findings suggest for institutional change and growth in terms of future iterations of the camps, and the importance of First Nations-led opportunities for healing from intergenerational trauma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As English forces struggled to bring Ireland under Crown control during the early modern period, all aspects of Irish culture and identity were seen as potentially subversive. Irish culture posed a threat to both the regime, and to the very identity and sanctity of English bodies in a foreign and hostile land. This paper will examine the role that food played in the political discourse of sixteenth and seventeenth-century Ireland. It will investigate how aspects of food, from infant feeding, to diet, dairying and cookery became a cause of concern for English colonial commentators. It will show how descriptions of foodways were used to cast the Irish as "savages," but importantly, how they were also used to illustrate the "degeneration" of the Old English. Through the discussion of food commentators warned newcomers not to follow the fate of their predecessors; their bodies were not impenetrable, and through culinary contact, they too could be "undone." [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indigenization has been an important nationalist project undertaken by various colonized countries seeking to liberate the existing knowledge systems from colonial hegemony. In India too, one witnesses serious efforts at indigenization that began during the colonial rule as part of the anti-colonial nationalist struggle. This continued after independence with new vigour. It found resonance in the domain of social sciences and the Indian social scientists have been engaged in debates around decolonizing the extant knowledge texts in their respective domains. An essential part of indigenization of social science in the Indian context is their vernacularization, which implies a process of translation and adaptation of the knowledge texts in its diverse local/regional languages. Underscoring the importance of both the processes in decolonizing the social sciences, the paper also highlights the existing and the emerging challenges to them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At the centre of African underdevelopment are slave trade and colonization. Expectedly, these two issues have been in the front burner of academic discourse, especially in Africa. While the literature is stuffed with forms and causes of colonialism, this current article contributes to the existing literature by interrogating the relationship between colonialism and some selected parts of Nigerian culture. The paper therefore examined the effects of colonialism on African culture, the relationship between colonisation and Nigeria's cultural crisis, including the challenges it poses for her identity. Using descriptive analysis and evidence-based research method, the study found that certain aspects of valued Nigerian culture were being eroded, especially as it related to the role of purity in religion and marriage. Findings further showed that the enthusiastic assimilation of Western culture by the younger generation was suggestive of a culture whose future is on a knife-edge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is a comparative analysis of three nineteenth-century British novels – The Surgeon's Daughter (1827) by Walter Scott; Tippoo Sultan: A Tale of the Mysore War (1840) by Philip Meadows Taylor; and The Tiger of Mysore (1895) by G.A. Henty – all of which feature Tipu Sultan, the Muslim ruler of the south Indian kingdom of Mysore, who used the tiger as his personal emblem, and was killed by the British and their allies on 4 May 1799. Previous scholarship on Tipu has mainly focused on the rationale behind his adoption of the tiger as his personal insignia which, among other things, stood for his fierce independence and military acumen. However, there is little discussion of the representation of Tipu's tiger as an emblem in the literary tradition of the colonial power at that time or as an implied justification of its political ventures in the south of India reflected in the novels written after his death. This paper argues that these British novels subvert the emblematic significance of Tipu's tiger through the use of tiger imagery, whose main thrust is to synonymize the savagery of the Indian tiger with the rulership of Tipu. To damage Tipu's legacy, the tiger is portrayed both as formidable, with a morbid thirst for blood, and as vulnerable and weak. The study focuses on these variations, and suggests that Tipu's fluctuating fictional images are influenced by the shifting British attitudes towards the Sultan during different periods of the East India Company's rule. These novels were statements within the larger discourse of colonization whose enunciative context contributed to the process that reinforced Tipu's status as a distinct menace to be solved by the colonial conquest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper shows how multispecies collaboratories work to complexify understandings of shared space with more-than-human others through collective inquiry and experimentation. Recognizing tensions produced through engaging childhood geographies research on stolen land, it proposes multispecies collaboratories as inextricably situated within the uneven flows of colonization, urban sprawl, and climate change. The authors present six collaboratory sticking points – the politics of green, confronted by the unexpected, bearing witness, boundary bursting, root problems, and troubling entanglement – to highlight possibilities and incommensurabilities inherent within. Sharing moments on Anishnaabe, Attawandaron, Lūnaapéewak, and Haudenosaunee territories in London, Ontario, and lək̓ʷəŋən and WSÁNEĆ territories in Victoria, British Columbia, they take a common worlding approach to reconsidering young children's multispecies relations as always and already political, multifarious world-making forces. They argue for multispecies collaboratories as small but significant sites for unhinging children's geographies from neoliberal, colonial logics, asking: What kinds of experimentation make it possible to activate a collective sense of relationality and reciprocity with the myriad of creatures with whom children share space? What is required of us to do so without retooling the colonial logics that contribute to the erasure of Indigenous peoples, more-than-human kinships, and connections to place? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Addressing the gendered dimensions of family violence is central to preventing violence against women (PVAW). What is seen as more important for Indigenous PVAW programmes, however, is situating gender-based violence within the broader context of colonial violence. In this paper, the significance of this focus is highlighted through a case study of a healing and behavioural change programmefor young Indigenous men within Victoria (Australia). Drawing on the voices of two leading facilitators, the paper examines how this program recognizes and responds to the ongoing impacts of colonisation on the lives of its young Indigenous male participants. It details the significance of safe relations and spaces as requisite for healing the trauma of young Indigenous Australian men towards addressing their perpetuation of gender-based and other forms of violence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The institution of queen motherhood, or remnants thereof, is found across the African continent. A study of queen motherhood during the nineteenth century in the south-eastern region of Africa coincides with the European arrival and its inevitable deleterious impact on African institutions. The title of this paper is derived from the incident of the tragic death of one George Floyd in 2013 who suffocated to death from a police officer's knee pressure that was exerted on his neck, reminiscent of imperial constriction on indigenous societies. In this study, the focus is on the lives and struggle of ooNdlunkulu/Queen Mothers Sutu and Nonesi of amaRharhabe and abaThembu, respectively. An exploration of the vicissitudes of these women is also part of the growing herstoriographies of European invasion. Also explored is the theme of the making of ooNdlunkulu and how the institution was sustained. The study of the two women provides the researcher with information on the leadership exercised by these women within the matripotent-filial legacy of izizwe zamaXhosa and abaThembu. The main feature of this institution is its existence within a fluid inter-relational system that was appositional as against the matriarchy-patriarchy binary that dominates current academic studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The island of Formentera, with its small extension and flat orography, was settled relatively late in Mediterranean prehistory between the third and second millennium BC. The sites presented in this paper, Cova des Fum and Cova des Riuets, offer evidence of the island's first occupation. Cova des Fum comprises a necropolis of the Bronze Age and two sanctuary spaces (used, at least, from 2035 cal BC), with hearths and water management structures. Cova des Riuets is a habitation site from the beginning of the Bronze Age (available dates ranging from 2030 to 1760 cal BC). This landscape study, among the first on the ancient occupation of the island, focuses on the plant macro-remains from both sites, providing new data on the vegetation of the surrounding areas and the use of both wild and domesticated plant resources for various daily and ritual tasks. The firewood came from evergreen thermo-Mediterranean formations well adapted to drought and summer heat, as well as rocky environments, and could have been collected in the vicinity of the sites. The autochthonous character of some species, such as the fig tree, has also been investigated and has provided the oldest existing date for this species on the island. This study reveals some peculiarities in the island's subsistence strategy that are relevant to the study of small islands more generally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As Australian higher education grapples with its colonial history, there has been significant attention to recruiting Indigenous students. However, while we have seen increases in Indigenous participation, males lag significantly behind. Very few Indigenous males enter university and even fewer enter the upper echelons of the stratified higher education sector. In this paper, we investigate the experiences of four Indigenous young men who attended an elite Australian higher education institution. Central to our analysis is how their identities are realised in relation to their sense of Indigeneity and Western ways of knowing, being and doing. In capturing the complex identity work of young Indigenous men, we report on three themes present in the data: feelings of alienation and isolation; identification with their Indigenous identity; and how they view higher education in shaping their futures. How these young men navigate selective institutions speaks to debates regarding non-traditional and historically excluded student populations in elite spaces as well as the decolonisation of higher education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is based on research into the phenomenon referred to as the "colonization of the mind." It commences with a discussion of four different backgrounds and concomitant experiences regarding this persistent form of colonization: two with reference to the authors of this article, and two with reference to distinguishable categories of Indigenous people who still feel the enduring effects of the colonization of the mind. After theorizing about the "living in two worlds" that seems to be typical of the colonization of the mind, the authors propose a number of biblically justifiable measures that can be implemented by those still feeling themselves suffering from this lingering form of colonization. These measures include the adoption of a reformed ontology, anthropology, ethics, and education. The paper concludes with a brief discussion of an adapted Citizenship Education school program that may contribute to the eradication of the colonization of the mind issue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The archive has played a crucial role in art historical scholarship in helping to flesh out the identities of colonial artists, scribes, and writers. But the vagaries of history, colonialist violences, and postcolonial regimes mean that the archives undergirding such study are particularly unstable. This essay treats the role of archives (their lacunae as well as their surpluses) in shaping the historical methods and scholarly desires around these actors. Case studies are organized around objects made of ink and paper, the same materials as colonial documentation. These cases span a wide temporal range, a broad geographic frame, and a diverse set of period actors. Set out in reverse chronological order, they capture the longing and lament that colonial archives produce. The essay then turns to archival gaps that have been or might be filled, focalizing a range or methods—from historically sanctioned modes of recovery to patently fraudulent fictions—to explore generative methods of probing archival limits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

American colonization of the Philippines restyled local civilization's character. One notable transition prompted by American colonial rule was the adoption of new public health conventions. In spite of these practices being introduced to elevate the well-being and life expectancy of the Filipinos their implementation was met with resistance. Accordingly, this paper focuses upon the creation of the Philippines' first crematory facility, namely the San Lazaro Crematorium (opened in 1903, in Manila). The work, thus, grants an overview of how Filipinos responded to a societal modernization project initiated by the American colonial regime. The paper discusses three matters: first, what American colonial policymakers sought, with reference to public health, to accomplish; second, how the American colonial framework directly challenged Filipino culture with regard to disease prevention and death management; and, third, why the construction of the San Lazaro Crematorium offers a unique entry point to grasp the nature of America's initial governance of the Philippines. Such clarification has twofold value: it helps to deepen comprehension of the administration's operation and, in association, native opposition to it; plus, given that the crematorium is presently derelict this paper can underscore its value as a dark heritage object worthy of preservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Along with colonization, land consolidation was the other great instrument of Francoist socio-structural policy. Land consolidation policy began with the 1952 legislation. It addressed land fragmentation into small plots whose extension, according to the Law, was uneconomic while creating notable obstacles to the development and modernization of agriculture. Land consolidation is a restructuring of territory into fewer and larger plots that allow roads or paths between them. In contrast to the Second Republic (1931–1936) agrarian reform, it avoided the matter of large-scale land ownership and its necessary redistribution. Through a micro-historical approach, this paper aims to investigate changes in the developmental model of the dictatorship, by incorporating the local actors and their resistances in the historical interpretation. This perspective will reveal the conflict between subaltern and dominant reasons. We will rely on the analysis of documentary sources of a legislative and regulatory nature, local documentation, as well as oral interviews with peasants and agricultural technicians who worked in Galizan rural areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper conceptualises one possible antidote to the conditions that produce public mass gun violence (PMGV) in the United States. I begin by illuminating how PMGV is a backlash to the nation's 'founding' on the violent divisions of colonisation and coloniality. I then inquire: If PMGV is a reflection of a deep societal wound, what methodologies and educational considerations can we engage to prevent violence and promote healing? I explore an ecology of knowledges (EoK), cognitive justice, and transdisciplinarity to envisage how Other ways of knowing already figure into pedagogical practices that alleviate violence and create anti-oppressive societies. These theories unsettle Western and colonial logics that rely on contradictory thinking (e.g. good or evil). The theories also encourage us to get to know the 'other' in ourselves in order to get to know the 'other' in the disaffected, work with him, and soothe his desires for violence before they erupt. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The educational system in Ghana has undergone various reforms as a result of colonisation, changes in government and constitutional amendments. These reforms have been accompanied by changes in educational assessment programmes. This paper explored the history of educational assessment in Ghana, understanding how educational reforms, colonisation and political accountability have shaped the use of assessment information in contemporary Ghanaian educational context. High-stakes nature of large-scale assessment in Ghana has cultivated infertile ground for teachers' formative assessment practices. Assessment is mainly perceived as serving accountability purposes, obscuring the improvement function (i.e. formative purpose) of assessment in students' learning and fuelling ongoing tensions between classroom assessment and the more visible, higher stakes summative assessments. Research-informed assessment policy and sustained collaborative professional learning about assessment are critical to support a conceptual shift among all educational stakeholders to help them understand, value, and use formative assessment to support the learning needs of every students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper has discussed our approach to sustainability at UQ Art Museum under the banner of our multi-year programming and research arc Blue Assembly. We considered two non-exhibition initiatives that took place in the first year of the project: carbon-neutral certification for the first Blue Assembly exhibition, Oceanic Thinking (Season One), and the summer workshop that took place for The Clam's Kiss | Sogi a le Faisua, on Quandamooka Country. Our work towards achieving carbon-neutral event status was born out of a sense of responsibility to the communities that we serve, including in the Country we are on, the university, and the wider public. As Janes and Sandell posit, public institutions such as ours have a responsibility to address climate change alongside other social issues. The workshop -- which centred First Nations knowledge and cultural practices and evolved through a series of in-person dialogues on Country -- represents an equally important element of our approach to sustainability parallel to our carbon-neutral certification; it is a crucial part of our efforts to grapple with the recurring legacies of colonisation. If climate change is a continuation of the violence and privations of colonialism -- and we accept that it is -- then the work of climate justice and sustainability is inseparable from the ongoing work of decolonising museum practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on Systemic Functional Linguistics (SFL) informed genre theory, this paper investigates the interplay between narrative and analytical representations of the past in texts used for history-educational purposes. In this paper, it is argued that the role of narrative merits further attention in history genre descriptions. Thirteen history texts, selected from a lower-secondary history-instructional unit about European colonization, are examined. The examination of stages, narrative elements, and the way historical significance is expressed in these texts arrives at a re-calibration of the historical recount genre suggesting four distinct historical recount types with different configurations of a narrative-analytical interplay. The findings have implications for our understanding of the role of narrative elements in history texts, and further for genre-based approaches to instruction that concern reading and writing history texts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the approach of the sixtieth anniversary of the Evian Accords that brought an end to the Algerian War, France's president, Emmanuel Macron, commissioned the historian, Benjamin Stora, to prepare a report on the evolution of relations between the two countries since the independence of Algeria. Stora, born in Algeria in 1950, is one of the most productive French historians of the Algerian nationalist movement, author of many studies of the wartime period and its aftermath. Relations between the two countries have often been strained, and observers note that there has been little reconciliation of the traumas of colonisation and the exodus of the European pied-noir population in 1962. Predictably the Stora Report has proved controversial. The paper will analyse the context, the content, and the reception of the report on the two shores of the Mediterranean. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Late medieval Mughal sources accuse the Arakanese of incest and label them as 'Maga.' The Mughal use of 'Maga' echoes its previous application: pre-Islamic Persians were accused of incest and called 'Maga.' Colonial officials, however, redefined 'Maga' as a derivative of Magadha (historical Buddhist homeland in North India) and argued that the term originally referred to Barua Buddhists living in the Chittagong plains as the latter's ancestors had arrived in Chittagong from Magadha via Arakan. This colonial 'Maga-to-Magadha' narrative suggested that the Baruas were an offshoot of the Arakanese although they have lived in the plains. It explained an anomaly in the colonial Chittagong hills-plains division. With an analysis of the Baruas' writings, this paper argues that the Baruas themselves employed the same ancestral migration narrative to distance themselves from Arakanese ethnicity and claimed Bengali ethnic belonging. The Baruas' claim has aligned them with Bengali nationalism but seems insufficient to challenge emerging Bangladeshi nationalism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper intends to be shared as a personal testimony and hopes to be taken by the reader as a lived experience rather than mere academic research. Thus, although the text is based on historical evidence, the notion of "history" should not be understood as a linear succession of events but more as cyclical stories and times that are constantly Weaving themselves together into a present. Weaving, as a structuring activity generated by body-mind, space-time, human-nature relationships, has precisely structured natural, social, political, and cultural ecosystems of human life since the beginning of time. Weaving is, therefore, one of the primary expressive means that puts culture into practice. This essay aims to revive the paradoxical path—shaped by stories and processes of migration, colonization, and decolonization—that led to my reunion with Andean Weaving outside my country. Finding alive the voices that gave birth to the material language of my Indigenous ancestors through the textile medium provoked a revolution on my way of being, feeling, thinking, and making. Therefore, this work attempts to develop critical feel-thinking around the colonial system that calls itself "modern" and has perpetuated the dominant Western culture against the Indigenous. I welcome the reader to navigate throughout these lines with an open perception of the notions of modernity/tradition, art/craft, body/mind, past/present, reverting and expanding its binary condition imposed by colonial power structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the parallels and connections between the histories of Taiwan and the Oceanic realm, focusing on the period between the 17th century and the present. It raises the question of whether or not Taiwan might be thought of as 'Outermost Oceania', a zone that is on the periphery of the island Pacific but still linked to it. The paper depicts the relationship between Taiwan and the Oceanic world in terms of seven 'modalities' of Pacific history – an Austronesian Pacific, a Southeast Asian Pacific, a European Pacific, a Chinese Pacific, a British Pacific, a Japanese Pacific and an American Pacific. All seven modalities of Taiwan/Pacific history converge in the 17th century and continue to co-exist in the present. Through the systematic comparison of Taiwan history with that of three locations in Remote Oceania – Western Micronesia (Palau, Guam and the Northern Marianas), Hawai'i and Aotearoa New Zealand – the paper explores these modalities of Pacific history with reference to processes of settlement, colonization, the expansion and contraction of imperial power and the conflicts to which these processes give rise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Africa has thus far contributed little to debates in the field of island archaeology. This paper explores the potential of São Tomé and Príncipe, a small island state in the Gulf of Guinea that may be the only country in the world where no archaeological fieldwork has yet been undertaken. This contrasts sharply with its importance as a focal point in the development of plantation economies based on unfree labour, campaigns of resistance to these, the transfer of crops between the Old and New Worlds, and the emergence of new, creolized societies, as well as with its enmeshment in systems of international trade and exploitation foundational to global capitalism. This paper discusses the contributions that archaeological research in the archipelago could make to these and other themes, including the environmental impacts of human settlement, and identifies parallels with work on islands in the Caribbean and the Indian Ocean. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This cultural study examines how contradictory yet coherent Hong Kong identities are constructed and solidified through constant interactions between its ethnic community and changing political, economic, and social environments from late colonization to the present. To conduct evidence-based observations and analysis, pineapple bun is selected as the research object. Its historical emergence and modern variations serve as metaphorical representations of Hong Kong vernacular cultures, embodying local people's negotiations with the land and their identifications toward the collective Self. The paper illustrates that different pineapple buns served in bing sutt, cha chaan teng, nouvelle restaurant, convenience store, and home kitchen signify distinct aspects of Hong Kong identities coexisting within contemporary complexities. These binary oppositions harmoniously imprinted in local ethnicity – flexibility and persistence, nativism and globalism, and utilitarian and hedonism – demarcate Hongkongese as a unique community apart from British colonists and mainland Chinese. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores the theme of postcolonial transmission through the comparative analysis of two novels by French author Faïza Guène, her bestselling debut novel Kiffe kiffe demain and her latest narrative La Discrétion. It argues that intimate bonds between immigrant parents and their French-born children have been particularly pivotal to the politicization of the author's writing. The article traces how Guène's representation of women living in socio-economically disadvantaged French banlieues has evolved throughout her career. It shows how her initial optimism and faith in the Republican values has given way to an increasingly disenchanted vision. Drawing on decolonial feminist theory, the paper investigates how, in Guène's latest and most political novel to date, the transmission of silenced colonial and postcolonial history and withheld anger is depicted through a superposition of violent episodes from the life of a 70-year-old Algerian woman with the apparently insignificant yet persistent microaggressions experienced by her grown-up children in contemporary France. This strategy enables the author to reflect on the role of cultural transmission while reconstructing the silenced history of colonization, immigration and failed social mobility while also debunking the myth of Republican meritocracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A substantial amount of research evidence has been gathered regarding the pathologies of accountability, but less attention has been paid to the reasons why such pathologies occur in the first place. The paper addresses this issue by exploring accountability in the context of Habermas' theory of lifeworld colonization. The paper explores the value of the colonization thesis to modern day issues associated with the "regulatory state", that form of state governance with surveillance and enforcement strategies at its core. It takes seriously the contribution that Habermas can make to the field of public administration – a contribution that can position the field in its broader context of democratic governance. At the same time, it is accepted that there are limitations of the colonization thesis as an explanatory device, with the paper arguing that not all the consequences of accountability can be considered illustrative of a damaged communicative intersubjectivity. Specifically the paper turns to the concept of street-level bureaucracy for further refinement of Habermas' ideas around governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Georg von Neumayer's Anleitung zu wissenschaftlichen Beobachtungen auf Reisen (Guide to scientific observations on travels), published in three editions from 1875 to 1906, provided instructions to German travellers on the collection of scientific data, including anthropological data. This paper explores the origins of the Anleitung by looking to its editor's scientific experience in colonial Australia in the 1850s and 1860s and to his adherence to a national liberal worldview. It then examines the evolution of the Anleitung through its three editions, from the period post-unification to the era of colonial expansion and rivalry. In paying close attention to the chapters on anthropology and how they changed over a period of some three decades, the paper argues that the Anleitung not only sought to harness popular enthusiasm for science but also served German national and imperial interests through a formative period in the development of German anthropology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to discover the historical background of the Malaysian Tamil folk songs. Qualitative approaches with historical, descriptive and explanatory designs were used for this study. Apart from the historical background, information on the characteristics and essence of the Malaysian Tamil folk songs are also discussed in this paper. The researcher used information from sources on Malaysian Tamil literature and Malaysian Tamil folk songs to analyze and explore the historical background. Information was also obtained from an interview with Murasu Nedumaran, a Tamil scholar. The elements embedded in the folk songs were categorized and described. Findings revealed that the essence of the Malaysian folk songs compiled by Murasu Nedumaran, Thandayutham and Muthammal Palanisamy expressed loss, gain and hopes of the Tamil laborers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Smithsonian Institution's public narrative often glosses over the United States Exploring Expedition (1838–1842), the historic endeavor led by Charles Wilkes that seized over 4000 specimens, artifacts, and human remains throughout Asia, the Pacific Islands, and the western coasts of the Americas, which later became the foundation of the Smithsonian's collections. Today, the Smithsonian is revered for holding one of the world's most expansive collections, a world-class resource for "the increase and diffusion of knowledge." Yet, the framework of the Smithsonian as a flagship for American exceptionalism is in growing tension with campaigns to highlight communities of color which are increasingly intersectional, fluid, and diasporic. The Smithsonian Asian Pacific American Center has met these challenges by introducing Culture Labs to instill emerging practices and community principles. This paper investigates the history and implications of museum programming and education practices that engage and transmute the imperial legacies of institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Food insecurity is prevalent in Puerto Rico due to intersecting structural inequalities, such as poverty and unemployment, which are rooted in the US's colonialism in Puerto Rico. The impact of colonization on food access contributes to the complexity of food insecurity in Puerto Rico, particularly as its status as a US territory leaves Puerto Rico with limited economic resources from the US government for necessary programs like PAN (Puerto Rico's version of SNAP). Furthermore, US-imposed taxation on imported foods also raised the prices of produce; given that 85% of food is imported in Puerto Rico, and that most agricultural outputs are exported, Puerto Rico is not able to sustain itself, but must rely on expensive foods to survive. This paper proposes that Puerto Rico's status as a US territory contributes to food insecurity in Puerto Rico due to US colonialism, which affects everything from food prices to cuisine-based identity. Participants discussed exorbitant food prices, lack of safe neighbourhoods, unreliable transportation, and US cuisine-shaming of Puerto Rico as contributors to low food security. Puerto Rico's subaltern status as a US territory deleteriously affects food access due to highly-taxed imported fresh foods and vegetables. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we examine the practices of India's military occupation of Kashmir in the framework of settler colonialism to map its entrenched nature in sustaining control and countering the struggle for Azaadi (freedom). Post 5 August 2019, when the Indian state proceeded with a reading down of the laws that enabled Kashmir's permanent residents exclusive rights over land and jobs, scholars and activists noted it to be an advancement of India's settler logic of elimination. In this essay, we complicate its trajectory and trace these recent practices as part of long drawn processes including spatial, demographic and ecological manifestations that are now further deepening and expanding a matrix of control characteristic of such a project. The paper argues that while settler colonialism could be used as a crucial interpretive framework for Kashmir and make it legible for an international audience, the reliance on a future Indian-citizen-settler runs the risk of invisibilising the Indian armed forces already permanently stationed in Kashmir and occupying vast tracts of land. The settler colonial framework can be a useful concept for Kashmir when its shrewd combination of assimilationist and eliminationist tactics is placed within the framework of military occupation, rather than as a distinct alternative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Where does the object or idea begin, and where does it end as 'unseen' (and how do both those states of being provoke our thinking)? There is scope in Maori philosophising to think of the seen object or its idea in various ways, including as materially constituting the self and the rest of the world; as incomplete for a mental representation; as constituted in itself by the unseen (and thus not symbolic of any division between seen and unseen); and as co-constitutional with nothingness and presence. The possibilities of the seen object are several, especially if the concept of 'seen' is understood as immediately determined by its other. This paper considers the consequences of the seen and unseen and the illogical in Maori thought for 'teach-learn' and in particular for the translation of teach-learn as 'ako' in the Maori language. It also discusses some possibilities for the term 'porangi', which is often quoted in relation to 'madness' but has deeper metaphysical potential that combines the reality of gloom/unseen alongside a heady potential. I refer to this phenomenon as 'giddying abjection' and turn it towards unpicking the certainty that ako as teach-learn replicates. Porangi can refer to self-derision, and I take certain statements of mine and destabilise them from their certainty. In that act I hope to show that students and scholars could follow a similar path with their own statements and, in so doing, subject their own utterances to madness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The position of migrants within Eurocolonial settler cities has received growing interdisciplinary attention. Within the field of geography there have been calls for new avenues of research into the encounters of bodies with different histories of arrival and experiences of racialization in such contexts. However, there remains little research on the position of British migrants, despite their ethno-historical links, and the ongoing popularity of such destinations among British emigrants. The analysis draws on 12 months of qualitative research with first-generation British migrants to examine their reflections on the bicultural and multicultural landscapes of Auckland, Aotearoa New Zealand. This paper makes a number of contributions. First, it documents both the racial and settler imaginaries of British migrants. Second, it highlights the ways normative temporal and spatial assumptions shape encounters with difference in urban settler environments. Finally, through an examination of the heterogeneity of perspectives, histories and investments at work among British migrants, this paper seeks to complicate monolithic ideas of belonging, otherness and identity in racialized settler societies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reflects on the recent global youth climate change movement in relation to theoretical considerations of Indigeneity, post-Anthropocentricism and decolonial practices. It then highlights the perspectives of several young climate activists, before considering a range of factors ('elephants in the room') that lurk behind the incapacity of our current practices to create spaces that provide opportunities for full expression of young people, particularly Indigenous young people, to articulate their political analyses and collectively advocate for ways of being in the world that will honour their values and aspirations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Molana Abbey, a small Augustinian monastery near Youghal, Co. Cork, became the property of Sir Walter Raleigh as part of the Elizabethan colonization of Munster. It passed from him to his scientific advisor, Thomas Harriot, and later via Richard Boyle, Great Earl of Cork, into the Smyth family, who held it until the end of the 20th century. After initial observations of the ruins, a three-stage research project of architectural survey, mortar analysis, and archaeological testing took place from 2012 to 2015. This paper presents those findings, which point to post-medieval alterations and decay as well as systematic changes made to create a medieval folly for the grand Georgian mansion, Ballynatray House, on the banks of the Blackwater River. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article will survey a selection of maps associated with North American investment, colonization, and tourism in Cuba during the first 15 years following the Spanish American War; during this period, the United States intermittently occupied Cuba and contemplated annexing the country. Indeed, various railroad, steamship, and land companies, as well as journals such as the Cuba Review began to publish maps of Cuba. The maps emphasized how seamless and effortless travel could be to Havana and beyond. This paper will further show how these maps helped to make certain towns and scenic areas tangible to the American traveling public. Maps were often part of promotional literature leading tourists, colonists, and investors to have certain expectations of a new Cuba in which they could experience a healthy, safe, modern, land of abundance, but whose long history with Spain and long experience with multi-culturalism were either minimized or erased. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is no doubt that the Fees Must Fall student movement in the South African higher education system has received wide-ranging documentation and world-wide coverage. A plethora of studies and documentaries on the students’, lecturers’ and parents’ involvement have seized the moment to explain the complex dynamics of the most unprecedented student revolution in the new sociopolitical dispensation since the fall of apartheid in 1994. While social scientists agree that ways of managing ‘revolutions’ in the 21st century using the old apartheid style of riot control is both obsolete and irrelevant due to more fluid ways of mass mobilisation, very little is known about the intricacies of language use and how this presents novel ways of knowing and self-affirmation among postmodern students. In this paper, I analyse key instances of complex multilingual encounters in the process of meaning-making during the protests. I show how multilingualism and the exchange of ideas in more than one language has been instrumental in pulling the demonstrators together across the wider spectrum of languages spoken in south Africa - something that debunks myths around intelligibility levels in African languages. Given the efficacy of this complex web of communication in times of distress, despair, and dispossession, I take a linguistic position that multi-languaging is an effective mass-mobilisation strategy and a potential tool to decolonise formal university discourses that are largely monolingual and exclusionary. Implications for learning and teaching are highlighted at the end of the paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of islands as ‘model systems’ has become particularly relevant for examining a host of important issues in archaeology and other disciplines. As papers in this special issue of the Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology demonstrate, islands can serve as critical and ideal analytical platforms for observing human populations in the past and their evolutionary histories within complex and insular human ecodynamics. In this paper we address the issue of how islands are also important models for future sustainability and as corollaries for the survival of humans generally. In a sense, island cultures and ecosystems can be seen as microcosms of the issues we have faced as humans, and provide important insights for understanding the fate of our species, particularly as it pertains to the exploration and colonization of new worlds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

First Nations Peoples of this continent we now call Australia experienced the violence of colonialism for longer than the coloniser and now the Australian state is prepared to admit. A more than 150-year frontier war has been passed off as peaceful settlement. This was a lie. Terra nullius was another lie, if terra nullius was the truth why was there a frontier war. This war enabled the invasion and colonisation of Aboriginal lands. While 'justice' remains overdue, this paper examines how it is the Australian state has mythologised the rejection of terra nullius. And at the same time normalising the Australian colonial project. This paper considers how it is we might move beyond the colonial matrix of impossibility and 'skeletal foundation.' [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the Mapithel dam in Northeastern state of Manipur in India as a site of contestation between the state-led development agenda and the affected tribal people. Based on discursive field experiences, the paper reflects upon the competing values in relation to land use and ownership systems and raises a question – as to whether in the name of development, is the government eroding tribal people’s right over their land and resources? The Mapithel dam issue not only invites serious deliberations beyond dam construction and its social and ecological ramifications but also contemplates on the various dynamics in and through cultural identity, politics, and natural resources. The paper addresses some key aspects of the very political closure approach which emphasizes state’s hegemony through forceful intrusion into the life, livelihood, and ‘lebenswelt’ of tribal people and infringement of their traditional rights. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the important role of the gut microbiome in health and disease, it is crucial to understand key factors that establish the microbial community, including gut colonization during infancy. It has been suggested that the first bacterial exposure is via a placental microbiome. However, despite many publications, the robustness of the evidence for the placental microbiome and transfer of bacteria from the placenta to the infant gut is unclear and hence the concept disputed. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review of the evidence for the role of the placental, amniotic fluid and cord blood microbiome in healthy mothers in the colonization of the infant gut. Most of the papers which were fully assessed considered placental tissue, but some studied amniotic fluid or cord blood. Great variability in methodology was observed especially regarding sample storage conditions, DNA/RNA extraction, and microbiome characterization. No study clearly considered transfer of the normal placental microbiome to the infant gut. Moreover, some studies in the review and others published subsequently reported little evidence for a placental microbiome in comparison to negative controls. In conclusion, current data are limited and provide no conclusive evidence that there is a normal placental microbiome which has any role in colonization of infant gut. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This ethnographic study examines how "locavorism," or food localism, is articulated in the under-studied context of Hong Kong. Influences from diverse cultures and social systems brought about by colonization and transnational financial activities have created a mosaic of "Western" and "Eastern" traditions in this land-starved metropolis, rendering it an unlikely setting to preach about "eating locally" and going "back-to-the-land." However, localism and the discourse of reviving agriculture began to burgeon a few years after the 1997 handover. Against the backdrop of this oxymoron, this research investigates and compares ideas of young urban farmers and food activists to other interpretations of localness. By examining multi-vocality, this paper engages with debates surrounding cosmopolitanism and conceptualizes an analytical perspective, which I refer to here as cosmopolitan locavorism. This concept is proposed to argue that locavorism in Hong Kong is distinct from defensive localism, the cultural consumption of globetrotting elites, or an urban fascination with rural lifestyles. It simultaneously signifies trans-local connections and human-land bonds, mobilizing a cultural critique of local neoliberal governmentality rather than allying with anti-globalization or "anti-China" sentiments. In this context, "local food" embodies place-based experiences instead of a place-bounded state of mind. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Following their rapid extermination from North America in the nineteenth century, bison became an icon of the early conservation movement. The acquisition of the last free-ranging bison herd by the Canadian government in 1907 was celebrated as a critical measure in preventing extinction. This article examines a photographic souvenir booklet that documents the round up, 'Last of the Buffalo'. The booklet's celebratory narrative of early-twentieth century conservation is also a visual record of settler colonization. Beginning with a history of Canada's acquisition of the Pablo herd, this article examines how the round up of these animals converged with processes of enclosure, dispossession, and the disavowal of Indigenous sovereignty. Turning to a visual analysis of the 'Last of the Buffalo', this paper then identifies settler logics and framing at work in the material and symbolic transformation of bison into objects of consumption. As an instance of settler colonial ways of seeing, the photographs establish a visual account of conservation that naturalizes the dispossession of Indigenous land and life. Finally, the article turns to the work of Tasha Hubbard (nêhiyaw), Zoe Todd (Métis), and Leroy Little Bear (Kainai), to indicate possible counter-readings of the photographs, as documents of a radical shift in a world of shared human-buffalo relations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Colonisation has deeply harmed Maori communities, seriously and consistently undermining their vitality, aspirations and potentials, particularly since the 1860s, at inestimable cost to the entire nation. The British arrival in Aotearoa commenced a relationship between two very different peoples that has profoundly influenced their distinct and collective fortunes ever since. Despite manifest breaches of te Tiriti o Waitangi, this relationship has centred settler interests ensuring that Maori sovereignty has been displaced in favour of colonial hegemony, entrenching longstanding, preventable inequities in health and other important domains of social life. In this paper we trace some broad indicators of relational health and wellbeing in Aotearoa and consider how Maori thinking about whenua, health and wellbeing might lead healing opportunities for people and whenua. We outline ways in which a unified, dynamic, relational Maori concept based on whenua as the determinant of health could contribute. We believe this could expand, strengthen and revitalise prevention, protection and promotion approaches, to counter the injustices of colonisation, contribute toward health equity and move toward just, sustainable shared futures for the benefit of all New Zealanders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mercedarian friar Luis de Cisneros wrote a chronicle on Our Lady of Remedios, first patroness of Mexico City that was published in 1621. Significantly, that same year Augustinian friar Alonso Ramos Gavilán's history on Our Lady of Copacabana, patroness of Peru and Bolivia, was printed in Lima. This paper compares these two founding accounts, not only in their literary structures, but also their patronage, and reception. It also ponders how both cults aimed to integrate both Spaniards and Indigenous peoples under one symbolic figure—the mother of God—as a key element for the consolidation of colonial society, not by coincidence, one of the key goals of the local Church councils that took place in the 1580s. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The quote in the title of this paper is taken from the first line of Marc Depaepe's article "An Agenda for the History of Colonial Education", published in The Colonial Experience in Education (Ghent, 1995). This presentation takes as its focus the informal learning space of the museum and the art gallery, and the emergence in recent years of curatorial activism. It seeks to explore the changing discourse and politics around addressing through display the history of colonialism and its meaning in today's globalised world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The European brown bear (Ursus arctos) shows a particular phylogeography that has been used to illustrate the model for contraction-expansion dynamics related to glacial refugia in Southern European peninsulas. Recent studies, however, have nuanced the once generally accepted paradigm, indicating the existence of cryptic refugia for some species further north. In this paper we collected available data on chronology and mitochondrial haplotypes from Western European brown bears, adding new sequences from present day individuals from the Cantabrian (North Iberia) area, in order to reconstruct the dynamics of the species in the region. Both genetics and chronology show that the Iberian Pleistocene lineages were not the direct ancestors of the Holocene ones, the latter entering the Peninsula belatedly (around 10,000 years BP) with respect to other areas such as the British Isles. We therefore propose the existence of a cryptic refugium in continental Atlantic Europe, from where the bears would expand as the ice receded. The delay in the recolonization of the Iberian Peninsula could be due to the orographic characteristics of the Pyrenean-Cantabrian region and to the abundant presence of humans in the natural entrance to the Peninsula. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]