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Linked Content This article is linked to Mells and Jones and Yang et al papers. To view these articles visit https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.13984 and https://doi.org/10.1111/apt.13927. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses papers published in the December 15, 2011 issue of "Seminars in Immunopathology," including one which describes the complex biological properties of matrix vesicles, another which offered a description of "cargo" function of exosomes, and a review of recent evidence that many circulating cells release ectosomes.

Presents several research papers related to the pathology of skin diseases. Criteria for diagnosis of prurigo pigmentosa; Development of immunofluorescence and the immunopathology of the skin; Protein expression in the distinction between lentigo maligna and pigmented actinic keratosis.

SUMMARY This paper reviews the theories of the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD), with a particular emphasis on its immunopathogenesis. The contribution of predisposing factors, immunopathogenic factors and provoking factors in the pathogenesis of AD are considered. Predisposing factors explored in this article include genetics and the disturbance of skin function. Immunopathogenic factors reviewed include T cell dysfunction, biphasic cytokine expression and the role of immunoglobulin E. Provoking factors considered include microbial factors, psychosomatic interactions, contact allergens and irritants, inhalant allergens, food and climate. Immunosuppressive treatments reviewed include cyclosporin, azathioprine, methotrexate, tacrolimus, interferon-γ, phosphodiesterase inhibitors and pimecrolimus (SDZ ASM 981). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]