This paper presents a mathematical model of the problem of the planning of systems of electrical distribution which considers the location and sizing of new feeders and substations, and the reconductorazing of existing feeders. The mathematical model used is of the type Lineal Mixed Integer Programming (LMIP) and to solve it, an algorithm of Branch and Bound is used. In order to test the proposed algorithm, the electrical system of the city of Pereira is used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
*POWER transmission, *STRATEGIC planning, *RELIABILITY in engineering, *GENETIC algorithms
Abstract
This paper presents the long term planning analysis of a power transmission system as a nonlinear integer mixed optimization problem that includes in the objective function the expected power not served as index that explicitly measures the reliability. This problem is solved combining the techniques of genetic algorithms for the optimization part and the state space enumeration for the reliability. As a real example, an expansion study of the power transmission system that serves the city of Pereira in Colombia is presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
ABSTRACT This paper aims to contribute to the discussion of the nature of the self-help housing market by analysing its extent and mode of operation in four self-help settlements in the intermediate sized city of Pereira, Colombia. The evidence from the survey settlements suggests that the market for self-help houses is small. Self-help settlements are dominated by a land market rather than by a housing market, although the distinction between the two is far from clear cut. Few self-help houses enter the property market because: many self-help households have no intention of selling their house after all the hard work that went into building it; it is difficult for households who wish to purchase dwellings in self-help settlements to raise the necessary finance; and the lack of title deeds is probably also a limiting factor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]