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Micron-scale zero-valent iron (ZVI)-based material has been applied for hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) decontamination in wastewater treatment and groundwater remediation, but the passivation problem has limited its field application. In this study, we combined aluminum chloride solution with ZVI (pcZVI-AlCl3) to enhance Cr(VI) removal behavior under aerobic conditions. The optimal pre-corrosion conditions were found to be 2.5 g/L ZVI, 0.5 mM AlCl3, and a 4 h preconditioning period. Different kinds of techniques were applied to detect the properties of preconditioned ZVI and corrosion products. The 57Fe Mössbauer spectra showed that proportions of ZVI, Fe3O4, and FeOOH in pcZVI-AlCl3 were 49.22%, 34.03%, and 16.76%, respectively. The formation of Al(OH)3 in the corrosion products improved its pHpzc (point of zero charge) for Cr(VI) adsorption. Continuous-flow experiments showed its great potential for Cr(VI) removal in field applications. The ZVI and corrosion products showed a synergistic effect in enhancing electron transfer for Cr(VI) removal. The mechanisms underlying Cr(VI) removal by pcZVI-AlCl3 included adsorption, reduction, and precipitation, and the contribution of adsorption was less. This work provides a new strategy for ZVI pre-corrosion to improve its longevity and enhance Cr(VI) removal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. This research study investigated the effect of new decontamination protocols on the bonding capacity of saliva-contaminated monolithic zirconia (MZ) ceramics cemented with two different monomer-containing self-adhesive resin cements. Materials and Methods. Standardized tooth preparations (4 mm. axial height) were performed for eighty human maxillary premolars under constant water cooling system. Eighty monolithic zirconia crowns (Whitepeaks Supreme Monolith) (n = 8 / 10 groups) were manufactured by CAD-CAM. Specimens were kept in the artificial saliva at pH = 7.3 for 1 minute at 37°C except control groups. The specimens have not been prealumina blasted and grouped according to cleaning methods and resin cements: control groups (C) (no saliva contamination + GPDM + 4 ‐ META (N) (CN) and 10-MDP (M) containing resin cement (CM), alumina blasted AL + GPDM + 4 ‐ META (ALN) and 10-MDP containing resin cement (ALM), zirconium oxide containing universal cleaning agent (IC) applied + GPDM + 4 ‐ META (N) (ICN) and 10-MDP containing resin cement (ICM), pumice (P) applied + GPDM + 4 ‐ META (PN) and 10-MDP containing resin cement (PM), and air-water spray (AW) applied + GPDM + 4 ‐ META (AWN) and 10-MDP containing resin cement (AWM)). Monobond Plus was applied to all surfaces for 40 seconds before cementation. The thermal cycle was applied at 5,000 cycles after cementation. The crowns were tested in tensile mode at a speed of 1 mm/min. The mode of failure was recorded. SEM examinations were carried out at different magnifications. Data were analyzed using rank-based Kruskal-Wallis and Mann–Whitney tests. Results. No significant differences were found between the surface treatments and between the two types of resin cements. Interaction effects between surface treatments and resin cements were found to be significant by two-way ANOVA analysis. ICM group resulted in significantly better bond strength results compared with CN. ICM was found to result in better bond strength results compared with PM. The combination of universal cleaning agent and 10-MDP containing resin cement had significantly the highest cementation bond strength values. The increasing order of mean tensile bond strength values of decontamination protocols was C < AW < P < AL < IC. The mean tensile bond strength of 10-MDP containing resin cement was slightly higher than GPDM + 4 ‐ META containing resin cement. Conclusions. Universal cleaning agents can be preferred as an efficient cleaning method with 10-MDP-containing cement after saliva contamination for better adhesive bond strength of 4 mm crown preparation height of monolithic zirconia ceramics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

RSDL® (Reactive Skin Decontamination Lotion) Kit is approved for decontaminating chemical warfare agents and T-2 fungal toxins. This work aimed to investigate the efficacy of RSDL or water irrigation for sulfuric acid dermal decontamination against untreated control in rabbit models. Rabbits were randomly assigned to Groups 1 (no decontamination), 2 (water) or 3 (RSDL) and exposed to sulfuric acid (0.1 mL/3-4 cm²) for 30 seconds Decontaminants remained on-site for 2 minutes. Decontamination efficacy with RSDL and water were similar. Wound pH was higher and erythema persisted longer after decontamination versus control. Oedema developed by Day 3 and resolved by Day 15 in all groups. Necrosis started by Day 3, and all wounds had necrosis by Day 21. Wound areas following decontamination were significantly smaller than controls. Microscopically, all wounds in all groups had full-thickness epidermal and dermal necrosis. In summary, RSDL and water were similarly effective in reducing wound size and increasing wound pH by Day 3 compared to controls. Histopathology data demonstrated similar tissue injury across all groups and showed no signs of wound healing after exposure RSDL was a reliable decontamination method in the absence of immediate access to water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent progress in the development of MnO2-based micromotors has shown the immense potential of these motile devices to remediate environmental contamination. However, the production of such micromotors on an industrial scale through a facile, efficient and reproducible process remains challenging. The present work aimed to address this issue using naturally occurring and abundant pine pollen (PP) grains. The immersion of PP in potassium permanganate (KMnO4) solutions was found to generate MnO2 nanoparticles (NPs) on the PP surfaces, the amount and distribution of which was readily adjusted by varying the coating time. Because of the asymmetrical shape of the PP grains, the MnO2/PP composites exhibited rapid self-propulsion at a maximum speed of 360.686 μm/s (approximately eight body lengths/s) in low-concentration hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) solutions. The ability of these materials to remediate heavy metal pollutants was also examined and was evidently increased by a factor of 1.5 compared with static counterparts. These composites could also be recovered and reused over three consecutive cycles. The competitive cost, continuous motion and superior decontamination capacity of these materials suggests potential applications in the rapid removal or degradation of heavy metal ions, toxic organic dyes, pathogenic bacteria and other pollutants in wastewater. These micromotors represent a new approach to the utilization of natural materials in environmental remediation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Water contamination by harmful organic and inorganic compounds seriously burdens human health and aquatic life. A series of conventional water purification methods can be employed, yet they come with certain disadvantages, including resulting sludge or solid waste, incomplete treatment process, and high costs. To overcome these limitations, attention has been drawn to nanotechnology for fabricating better-performing adsorbents for contaminant removal. In particular, magnetic nanostructures hold promise for water decontamination applications, benefiting from easy removal from aqueous solutions. In this respect, numerous researchers worldwide have reported incorporating magnetic particles into many composite materials. Therefore, this review aims to present the newest advancements in the field of magnetic composites for water decontamination, describing the appealing properties of a series of base materials and including the results of the most recent studies. In more detail, carbon-, polymer-, hydrogel-, aerogel-, silica-, clay-, biochar-, metal–organic framework-, and covalent organic framework-based magnetic composites are overviewed, which have displayed promising adsorption capacity for industrial pollutants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The presence of ammonium (NH4+) in natural waters has increased in the last years due to the rising use of agricultural fertilizers, industrial activity and sewage discharges without any decontamination treatment. The great amounts of this inorganic cation in water bodies have been considered an environmental problem, due to its influence on the eutrophication process which leads to the deterioration of water quality. The application of ZnO nanoparticles to assess nutrient elimination, including ammonium, from water bodies has not been exhaustively studied. In this work, the capability of ZnO nanoparticles to remove ammonium cation from aqueous samples induced by adsorption is investigated. In this regards, experiments tending to determine the efficiency of nanomaterials have been performed employing two different NH4+ concentrations aiming to replicate two feasible real water-impacted environments. The interactions between adsorbent and adsorbate have been explored by employing experimental characterization techniques as well as theoretical DFT simulations. The achieved data demonstrated that the efficiency of ZnONPs shows a dependency on the ammonium concentration, ranging between 0.79 and 11.6 mg of ammonium adsorbed per gram of ZnONPs. According to the data on characterization prior and post adsorption of the ZnO nanomaterials the electrostatic interaction would not be favored, being the coordination ones the most feasible as suggested experimental and DFT results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Because of their many advantages, such as simplicity of handling, affordability, and environmental friendliness, green magnetic nanoparticles (GMNPs) are currently receiving more attention than prevailing magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). The synthesis and application of GMNPs inspired by biological systems are encouraged by rising ecological consciousness and stringent environmental restrictions and also deal with in detail in this manuscript. The current report presents the biological and environmental uses of GMNPs in-depth. Numerous biomedical applications, including imaging and diagnosis, cancer therapy, immunoassay, genetic engineering, and supported enzymes (proteins and peptides), among others, successfully use GMNPs. The GMNPs would be coupled with tiny sensors, microsystems, and microfluidics modules to boost the signal sensitivity for the identification of environmental contaminants, diseases, poisons, drugs, and trace biomarkers from clinical, environmental, and dietary examples. The GMNPs were essential elements in gene delivery and gene therapy initiatives, among other genetic engineering endeavors. They have also been extensively used for environmental applications such as wastewater treatment, organic pollutants decontamination, electrochemical sensing, industrial and radioactive wastes treatment, pollutant adsorption and removal etc. The use of GMNPs, particularly biosynthesized MNPs, is also believed to be more cost-effective than the majority of regularly used traditional MNPs. In addition, Green magnetic nanoparticles applied as supported enzymes, proteins and peptides catalyst, positron emission tomography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, theranostics, thermo-chemotherapy, electrochemical immunoassay and efficient detection of coronavirus is a significant issue in modern analytical chemistry and other fields. The opportunities of using GMNPs in the place of traditional MNPs have also been proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of biomass-based carbon materials has accelerated the research interest in environmental (e.g., adsorbents for wastewater decontamination) and energy applications (e.g., batteries). In this paper, we developed a series of carbon materials (CMs) using a sulfur doping strategy to improve the physicochemical, adsorptive and energy storage properties of the aforementioned CMs. CMs were prepared and optimized using an experimental design denoted as the Box-Behnken design approach with three independent factors (i.e., the temperature of pyrolysis, zinc chloride: biomass ratio and sulfur: biomass ratio), and the responses were evaluated, namely the Specific Surface Area (S BET), mesopore area (A Meso) and micropore area (A Micro) with the help of Nitrogen Physisorption. According to the statistical analysis, under the studied conditions, the responses were mainly influenced by the pyrolysis temperature and ZnCl 2 ratio, while the sulfur content did not give rise to any remarkable differences in the selected responses. The physicochemical characterization of the CMs suggested that very high Specific Surface Areas ranging from 1069 to 1925 m2 g−1 were obtained. The sulfur doping resulted in up to 7.33 wt% of sulfur in the CM structure, which yielded CMs with more defects and hydrophilic surfaces. When tested as adsorbents, CMs exhibited a very high adsorption capacity (190 – 356 mg g−1), and as anodes, they demonstrated a competitive Lithium Ion Battery (LIB) storage capacity, at least during the first five cycles (306 mAhg−1 at 1 C for CM9). However, further studies on long-term cyclability are required to prove the CM materials suitability in LIBs. This work extends our understanding of how pyrolysis and sulfur doping of biomass feedstock affects carbon materials' usability, final characteristics and potential to use in wastewater decontamination by adsorption and as anodes in LIBs. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Heterogenous ferrospinel nanoparticles were prepared towards PMS activation to degrade BTA. • Statistical-based RSM-CCD approach was used for optimization of BTA degradation process. • CoF showed a higher catalytic activity to decompose PMS compared to CuF. • An excellent reusability was observed for the both catalysts after eight consecutive reaction runs. • HO• and SO 4 •– species were responsible for the BTA degradation in both systems. The sulfate radical-based advanced oxidation process has been widely investigated via peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activation in recent years, in which the development of catalysts with high efficiency and stability is crucial. The current work prepared a series of magnetic nanoparticles, including CuFe 2 O 4 (CuF) and CoFe 2 O 4 (CoF), for benzotriazole (BTA) degradation via PMS activation. Various techniques (XRD, VSM, BET, FESEM, and TEM) employed to examine the physicochemical, textural, magnetic, and structural characteristics of the as-prepared catalysts. Moreover, a response surface methodology (RSM) based on central composite design (CCD) used to identify the optimum levels of operational variables and explore the interactions between them. The results showed that 99.7 and 100% of BTA can be removed under optimal conditions when CuF and CoF catalysts were applied in the system in the presence of PMS, respectively. Both catalysts exhibited high degradation efficiencies, even after eight consecutive cycles, highlighting their high stability and reusability in decontamination applications. According to the trapping tests, HO• and SO 4 •– species were responsible for the BTA degradation in both systems. These results suggested that CuF and CoF could be applied as effective recoverable catalysts for activating PMS and degrading persistent pollutants in wastewater treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aquatic ecosystems and potable water are being exploited and depleted due to urbanization and the encouragement of extensive industrialization, which induces the scarcity of pure water. However, current decontamination methods are limited and inefficient. Various innovative remediation strategies with novel nanomaterials have recently been demonstrated for wastewater treatment. Carbon dots (C-dots) and graphene quantum dots (GQ-dots) are the most recent frontiers in carbon nanomaterial-based adsorption studies. C-dots are extremely small (1–10 nm) quasi-spherical carbon nanoparticles (mostly sp3 hybridized carbon), whereas GQ-dots are fragments of graphene (1–20 nm) composed of primarily sp2 hybridized carbon. This article highlights the function of C-dots and GQ-dots with their specifications and characteristics for the efficient removal of organic and inorganic contaminants in water via adsorption chromatography. The alteration of adsorption attributes with the hybrid blending of these dots has been critically analyzed. Moreover, various top-down and bottom-up approaches for synthesizing C-dots and GQ-dots, which ultimately affect their morphology and structure, are described in detail. Finally, we review the research deficit in the adsorption of diverse pollutants, fabrication challenges, low molecular weight, self-agglomeration, and the future of the dots by providing research prospects and selectivity and sensitivity perspectives, the importance of post-adsorption optimization strategies and the path toward scalability at the tail of the article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Here, we demonstrate an integrated fluidic sequential electrochemical system for effective water decontamination. The system consists of a Ti mesh anode deposited with nanoscale IrO 2 and a CNT filter functionalized with nanoconfined Fe 2 O 3. By conducting anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) and 2e– oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) sequential electrolysis, our system enables sustainable O 2 generation at the anode, followed by transformation of O 2 into H 2 O 2 at the cathode, which then led to the production of 1O 2 in the presence of nanoconfined Fe 2 O 3. No chemical inputs were needed nor side products occurred during the whole sequential electrochemical processes. The effectiveness of the system was evaluated using tetracycline as a model emerging contaminant. Recirculating at 3 mL min–1, the system exhibited negligible iron and iridium leaching (≤0.01 mg L–1) and high tetracycline degradation efficiency (≥95%). Such excellent efficacy can be maintained across a wide pH range and in complicated water matrices. [Display omitted] • An "O 2 self-feeding" fluidic bipolar electrochemical system was designed. • The system combines oxygen/water (O 2 /H 2 O) redox couple. • The system shows negligible Fe and Ir loss and high organic degradation efficiency. • The essential role of 1O 2 was identified toward selective organic degradation. • No chemical inputs were needed nor side products occurred during the reaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hen eggs play a vital role in the human diet and their safety is critical to avoid the risk of foodborne illness for consumers. Engineered Water Nanostructures (EWNS) generated via an electrospray system is a novel and nanotechnology-based technique, which can be utilized for inactivating bacteria. The primary objective of this work was to assess this technique's effectiveness as a chemical-free and non-thermal approach for decontaminating egg surfaces and investigate its potential as an alternative to the conventional method of washing eggs. The results showed that under EWNS operating conditions of 5 min of exposure time, 1 μL/min/needle of water flow rate, and 9.0 kV/cm of electric field strength, the highest inactivation efficiency of 97.6 and 80.4% were obtained for decontaminating egg surfaces contaminated by E. coli and Salmonella spp., respectively. Results also proved no significant difference in physical properties, chemical components, and eggshell cuticle coverage of EWNS-treated eggs compared to unwashed eggs. • Engineered water nanostructures (EWNS) produced from electro spray were used to decontaminate eggshell. • Representative pathogens on eggshell were decontaminated. • EWNS do not show any impact on physical and chemical properties of treated eggs. • A chemical-free surface decontamination method was developed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The contamination of water with organic pollutants such as dyes and phenols is a serious environmental problem, requiring effective treatment methods. In the present study, a novel nanocomposite was synthesized by intercalating graphene oxide and bentonite clay into MgFeAl-layered triple hydroxide (GO/BENT/LTH), which was characterized using different techniques. The adsorption efficacy of the GO/BENT/LTH nanocomposite was assessed via the removal of two harmful organic water pollutants, namely methyl orange (MO) and 2-nitrophenol (2NP). The obtained results revealed that the maximum adsorption capacities (q max) of MO and 2NP reached 3106.3 and 2063.5 mg/g, respectively, demonstrating the excellent adsorption performance of the nanocomposite. Furthermore, this study examined the effects of contact time, initial MO and 2NP concentrations, pH, and temperature of the wastewater samples on the adsorptive removal of MO and 2NP by the GO/BENT/LTH nanocomposite. The pH, zeta potential, and FTIR investigations suggested the presence of more than one adsorption mechanism. Thermodynamic investigations elucidated the exothermic nature of the adsorption of MO and 2NP onto the GO/BENT/LTH nanocomposite, with MO adsorption being more sensitive to temperature change. Additionally, regeneration studies revealed a marginal loss in the MO and 2NP removal with the repetitive use of the GO/BENT/LTH nanocomposite, demonstrating its reusability. Overall, the findings of this study reveal the promise of the GO/BENT/LTH nanocomposite for effective water decontamination. • Novel GO/clay/MgFeAl-LTH nanocomposites is synthesized and characterized herein. • The nanocomposite outperformed its parental materials and their binary combinations. • The q max of MO and 2NP using this nanocomposite are >3000 and > 2000 mg/g, respectively. • Both pollutants adsorb spontaneously and exothermically on the nanocomposite. • The nanocomposite can be used multiple times with insignificant performance loss. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The need for sustainable and reliable decontamination methods is driven by concerns regarding antibiotic resistance, as well as environmental and cost-efficiency challenges associated with traditional methods. Plasma-activated water (PAW) holds significant promise as an innovative and eco-friendly decontamination method. Nevertheless, prior to industrial implementation of PAW-based decontamination devices, a deep understanding of the bacterial inactivation mechanisms and its interplay with PAW chemical composition is required. Advancing in this field requires interdisciplinary and collaborative research using standardized practices with cost-effective and shareable PAW reactors that are still missing today. Here, to this end, a portable PAW reactor, featuring a surface dielectric barrier discharge (SDBD) that operates in air, is presented. The gaseous and aqueous phases were chemically characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) absorption spectroscopy and vis-spectrophotometry, respectively. To assess PAW antimicrobial efficacy Escherichia coli was employed as a model organism on six different PAW samples for three different treatment times. The significance of water recirculation in controlling the chemical composition of PAW, altering the nitrogen species balance in favor of NO 2 − , is demonstrated. This chemical modification consequently enhanced the antimicrobial effectiveness of PAW, reaching a log reduction of ∼ 6. Exposing E. coli to equivalent concentrations of RONS to those found in PAW attained similar log-reductions, indicating that acidified nitrites are key to PAW antimicrobial activity. Through an innovative and portable design, this study illustrates the crucial role of water recirculation in tailoring PAW composition, leading to improved decontamination capabilities and establishing a key parameter for further optimization of PAW production. • Plasma-Activated Water (PAW): a sustainable and innovative decontamination method. • PAW portable reactor design for in situ applications and collaborative scientific research. • Water recirculation significantly impacts PAW composition for improved decontamination. • Acidic conditions are essential for the antimicrobial activity of reactive nitrogen species in PAW. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Membrane capacitive deionization (MCDI) has attracted much attention to selective separation and recovery of various ionic species due to its simplicity, environmental friendliness, excellent removal efficiency, and low energy consumption. However, there have been very few review papers focusing on the challenges and opportunities in this field. Therefore, this review comprehensively summarizes the basic principles and significant development of MCDI processes. The potential applications of MCDI processes in selective separation and recovery of ionic species, e.g. , heavy metal removal, water softening, desalination, selective anion decontamination, and resource recovery, are highlighted and benchmarked using various performance indicators. In addition, challenges and novel countermeasures of MCDI processes are further summarized. Future research needs for MCDI processes to reach full-scale potential in practical water treatment are suggested accordingly. This review will provide a solid basis to guide the future development of MCDI-based water treatment technology. [Display omitted] • The MCDI is very robust on selective separation and recovery of various ionic species. • Basic principles and significant development of MCDI processes are summarized. • The potential applications of an MCDI in selective ion separation and recovery are highlighted. • Challenges and novel countermeasures of MCDI processes are further presented. • Future research needs for an MCDI to reach full-scale potential in water treatment are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The excessive and uncontrollable discharge of diverse organic pollutants into the environment has emerged as a significant concern, presenting a substantial risk to human health. Among the advanced oxidation processes used for the purification of wastewater, cold plasma technology is superior in fast and effective decontamination but often fails facing mixed pollutants. To address these issues, here we develop the new conceptual approach, plasma process, and proprietary reactor that ensure, for the first time, that the efficiency of treatment (114.7%) of two mixed organic dyes, methylene blue (MB) and methyl orange (MO), is higher than when the two dyes are treated separately. We further reveal the underlying mechanisms for the energy-efficient complete degradation of the mixed dyes. The contribution of plasma-induced ROS and the distinct degradation characteristics and mechanism of pollutants in mixed treatment are discussed. The electron transfer pathway revealed for the first time suggest that the mixed pollutants reduce the overall redox potentials and facilitate electron transfer during the plasma treatment, promoting synergistic degradation effects. The integrated frameworks including both direct and indirect mechanisms provide new insights into the high-efficiency mixed-contaminant treatment. The degradation products for mixed degradation are revealed based on the identification of intermediate species. The plasma-treated water is proven safe for living creatures in waterways and sustainable fishery applications, using in vivo zebrafish model bio-toxicity assay. Overall, these findings offer a feasible approach and new insights into the mechanisms for the development of highly-effective, energy-efficient technologies for wastewater treatment and reuse in agriculture, industry, and potentially in urban water networks. [Display omitted] • The mixed treatment exhibited significant efficiency improvements (114.7%) than the separate treatment. • Unveiled synergistic ROS and electron transfer mechanism during plasma treatment. • Confirmed treated solution's biosafety via in vivo zebrafish tests and ECOSAR model. • Results offer data and theory for feasible engineering applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • mAg 3 PO 4 @g-C 3 N 4 /PDS/Vis enhance CBZ degradation rate by 3.6-fold. • 87.15 % mineralization of CBZ was achieved in 30 min via mAg 3 PO 4 @g-C 3 N 4 /PDS/Vis. • 1O 2 -dominated ring-opening is identified to be key for improved mineralization. • Multiple PhACs in the effluent are simultaneously degraded with high mineralization. The wide occurrence of pharmaceutically active contaminants (PhACs) in aquatic environments has received more and more concern owing to the associated high risks to ecosystems. Even worse, conventional wastewater treatment techniques fail to provide effective decontamination for these emerging contaminants. Herein, we designed and constructed mAg 3 PO 4 @g-C 3 N 4 heterojunction for a persulfate-assisted photocatalytic system (mAg 3 PO 4 @g-C 3 N 4 /PDS/Vis) for the rapid and effective degradation of PhACs. Superior mineralization of CBZ (87.15 %) was achieved within 30-minute treatment with mAg 3 PO 4 @g-C 3 N 4 /PDS/Vis, exhibiting 11-fold enhancement compared to mAg 3 PO 4 /Vis system. Integrating experimental investigations with theoretical calculations, singlet oxygen (1O 2) was identified as the key reactive species, while the 1O 2 -dominated ring-opening pathway contributed significantly to the high mineralization of CBZ. Moreover, mAg 3 PO 4 @g-C 3 N 4 /PDS/Vis showed robust degradation performance of multiple PhACs across various water matrices. Multiple PhACs could be simultaneously degraded with high mineralization efficiency in the wastewater effluent, demonstrating the promising application of mAg 3 PO 4 @g-C 3 N 4 /PDS/Vis for decontaminating emerging contaminants in wastewater treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oxygen vacancies (OVs)-rich α-Ni 0.2 Fe 1.8 O 3 with dual metal sites was synthesized by Ni2+ isomorphously substituted α-Fe 2 O 3 to activate peroxymonosulfate (PMS) for aceclofenac (ACF) degradation. A novel insight was proposed for the overlooked role of H 2 O in the surface-complexed process between PMS and unsaturated metal sites induced by OVs. The surface-bond SO 4 ∙- and ∙OH were demonstrated as the dominant reactive oxygen species (ROS). In situ ATR and Raman spectra revealed the reaction of HSO 5 - with the surface metal sites by replacing the surface-bonded -OH. The DFT study revealed the spontaneous formation of hydrolyzed -OH on OVs (∆G=−1.45 eV), which was further replaced by HSO 5 - to complex with metal sites (∆G=−3.58 eV). The O Ⅰ of the H-O Ⅰ -O Ⅱ -SO 3 - was more readily bonded with the Ni or Fe sites around OVs, causing the O-O cleavage for SO 4 ∙- generation. This study proposed a brand-new perspective for the interfacial behavior of PMS activation. [Display omitted] • The α-Ni 0.2 Fe 1.8 O 3 with rich oxygen vacancies can excellently activate PMS. • The surface-bond SO 4 ∙- and ∙OH played a major role in the degradation of ACF. • HSO 5 - was mainly bonded to metal sites by replacing surface -OH groups. • The interfacial mechanism for PMS activation by α-Ni 0.2 Fe 1.8 O 3 was proposed. • The degradation pathway of ACF by α-Ni 0.2 Fe 1.8 O 3 /PMS system was deduced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Fabricated a Janus lamellar membrane (JLM) with asymmetric bi-layered structure. • A vital advantage of JLM based on BiOCl is its ease of mass transfer and flotation. • Optimize the weight ratio of BiOCl/CNFs and BiOCl/CNFs@CNTs in JLM to 1:1. • JLM integrates photocatalytic H 2 evolution, decontamination and water evaporation. • The photothermal water evaporation rate of JLM attains a level of 1.92 kg·m−2·h−1. Photocatalysis and photothermal water evaporation (PWE), as two technologies that utilize solar energy, have received special attention in the context of carbon neutrality. It is undoubtedly attractive if a structure can effectively combine the two technologies. However, it remains a huge challenge to simplify structural design while improving energy efficiency and mass transfer. Herein, a Janus lamellar membrane (JLM) with an asymmetric bi-layered structure was constructed using facile vacuum filtration. Specifically, the top layer consists of BiOCl nanosheets (BNs) and cellulose nanofibers@carbon nanotubes (CNF@CNT), forming a functional layer that facilitates solar energy utilization. Within the top and bottom layers, CNF@CNT and CNFs are respectively embedded into the interlayer space formed by stacked BNs, offering abundant nanochannels for continuous and rapid water supply. Moreover, as the weight ratio of the BN-CNF@CNT and BN-CNF precursors is optimized to 1:1 with the BN-CNF@CNT layer facing light source, the photocatalytic hydrogen evolution (PHE) rate of JLM reaches up to 39.81 μmol·g−1·h−1, corresponding to approximately 3.12 and 1.57 times that of the BN-CNF and BN-CNF@CNT lamellar membranes, respectively. Importantly, the PHE rate remains consistent within ten cyclic stability experiments. Furthermore, the PWE rate of JLM achieves 1.98 kg·m−2·h−1 under 1.0 solar irradiation (100 mW·cm−2). A vital advantage of the JLM is its ability to float on the liquid surface, enabling concurrent photocatalytic decontamination and PWE processes. The research on designing JLM with an asymmetric structure for both photocatalysis and PWE provides a practical approach to the comprehensive utilization of solar energy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • The enol-bound ZnAl-LDH effectively tunes the electronic structure. • The ACLDH/PMS/Vis system enables efficient treatment of tetracycline hydrochloride, leachate and E. coli. • A direct oxidative degradation mechanism is proposed for the ACLDH/PMS/Vis system. • ACLDH material is an environmentally friendly and highly efficient photocatalyst. The direct oxidative transfer process (DOTP) is a novel degradation-mineralisation system for the treatment of organic trace contaminants in water pollution, which are present with extremely high energy and/or chemical additions as well as large residues due to partial mineralisation. In this study, an enol-conjugated LDH (ACLDH) catalyst capable of interacting with persulfate was used, and tetracycline hydrochloride (TC) was degraded under visible light irradiation, and experimental and theoretical results showed that the ACLDH catalyst efficiently regulated its electrons. Under optimal experimental conditions, the ACLDH material acted as a catalyst to activate and stabilise the DOTP process on the surface of the nanocatalyst, resulting in the complete removal of TC within 35 min with up to 25 % mineralisation. In addition, the study investigated the effects of starting pH, catalyst dosage, several common inorganic anions and humic acid on TC removal. DOTP based on the ACLDH/PMS/Vis system is a very promising nanotechnology for water purification with strong performance in real waste leachate (up to 12 % TOC mineralisation) and disinfection applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Efficient molecule enrichment across a dynamic water-water interface. • Robust hydrogel polymeric backbone allows for efficient pollutant arrestment. • Magnetically actuated spinning concentrates pollutants rapidly by ≥300-fold. • Ultrasensitive colorimetric monitoring for reliable water chemistry analysis. • Energy and time-efficient while preserving innate chemical properties of pollutants. The efficient accumulation of molecules from dilute solutions is crucial for facilitating pollutant decontamination, trace analyte detection, and chemical reactions. However, current methods to concentrate molecules are limited by prolonged processing times, high energy consumption, and a narrow range of applicable molecules. Herein, we introduce a magnetic-responsive spinnable hydrogel marble (SHM) as a miniature molecule concentrator for efficient water decontamination and sensing applications. The spinning motion of SHM creates a dynamic water-water interface within an aqueous environment, generating a vortex-like hydrodynamic flow that actively delivers molecules into the embedded hydrogel microdroplet. Notably, the SHM achieves a remarkable ∼95 % decontamination efficiency for cationic organic water pollutants in just 15 min while simultaneously concentrating molecules within SHM by ≥300-fold, a feat that remains challenging with conventional non-dynamic liquid interface. Moreover, the SHM also doubles as a versatile concentrator-cum-detection platform for ultrasensitive colorimetric sensing of organic pollutants in real wastewater at >99 % accuracy, thereby allowing the on-site readout of water chemistry using naked eyes or smartphone for prompt intervention. By enabling the efficient and swift concentration of molecules in an energy-efficient manner, our unique design effectively addresses the drawbacks of traditional approaches and creates enormous opportunities for diverse analytical, environmental, and chemical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]