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Objectives: To investigate the prognosis and quality of life for primary malignant maxillary sinus tumors. Methods: This was a retrospective analysis. 164 patients diagnosed with primary malignant maxillary sinus tumors between 2005 and 2018 were recruited. Patients were treated according to the pathological type and the lesion range. Prognostic differences of different pathological types, surgical resection methods, repair methods, treatment methods, and different local recurrence sites were analyzed. Survival analysis and prognostic factors analysis were performed. Results: Overall survival (OS) rate was 74.7% at 3 years, 60.5% at 5 years, and 45.8% at 10 years. Disease-free survival (DFS) rate was 67.2% at 3 years, 45.6% at 5 years, and 30.8% at 10 years. There was significant difference in OS rate among different pathological types (χ2 = 14.18, P < 0.05). The order of 5-year OS rate was as follows: malignant transformation of inverted Papilloma (77.7%) > adenoid cystic carcinoma (74.1%) > squamous cell carcinoma (48.4%) > sarcoma (22.1%). The order of disease-free survival was as follows: total maxillary resection > subtotal maxillary resection > endoscopic nasal tumor resection ≥enlarged maxillary resection, the 5-year DFS rate were 68.6%, 53.5%, 46.2%, and 42.9%, respectively. The OS of postoperative radiotherapy was significantly better than that of preoperative radiotherapy (χ2 = 7.16, P < 0.05). There was significant difference in OS between recurrent and non-recurrent patients (χ2 = 68.57, P < 0.05). Conclusions: The pathological type and the timing of radiotherapy are independent prognostic factors for primary malignant tumor of maxillary sinus. In addition, different local surgical resection methods are independent factors affecting the recurrence rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Detection methods based on aptamer probes have great potential and progress in the field of rapid detection of heavy metal ions. However, the unstable conformation of aptamers often results in poor sensitivity due to the dissociation of aptamer-target complex in real environments. In this study, we developed a locking aptamer probe and combined it with AgInZnS quantum dots for the first time to detect cadmium ions. When cadmium ions are combined with the probe, the cadmium ions are fixed in the core-locking position, forming a stable cavity structure. The limit of detection (LOD) was achieved at a concentration of 6.9 nmol L−1, with a broad detection range from 10 nmol L−1 to 1000 μmol L−1, and good recovery rates (92.93%–102.8 %) were achieved in aquatic product testing. The locking aptamer probe with stable conformation effectively enhances the stability of the aptamer-target complex and remains good stability in four buffer environments as well as a 600 mmol L−1 salt solution; it also exhibits good stability at pH 6.5–7.5 and temperatures ranging from 25 °C to 35 °C. Overall, our study presented a general, simple, and cost-effective strategy for stabilizing aptamer conformations, and used for highly sensitive detection of cadmium ions. A lock-type aptasensor detection of cadmium to enhances the stability of the aptamer-target complex and remains good stability in four buffer environments. [Display omitted] • Truncated and optimized to obtain a locking aptamer probe with good affinity and spatial constraint ability. • For the first time, a detection probe for the specific recognition of cadmium ions was developed and designes. • The lock-type aptasensor has outstanding specificity and the sensitivity for detecting cadmium ions can reach the nmol/L level. • The lock-type aptasensor greatly improves the stability of aptamers in different buffer environments and high-salt environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metastasis is the main cause of colorectal cancer (CRC)-related death, and the 5-year relative survival rate for CRC patients with distant metastasis is only 14%. X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP)-associated factor 1 (XAF1) is a zinc-rich protein belonging to the interferon (IFN)-induced gene family. Here, we report a metastasis-promoting role of XAF1 in CRC by acting as a novel adaptor of valosin-containing protein (VCP). XAF1 facilitates VCP-mediated deubiquitination of the E3 ligase RING finger protein 114 (RNF114), which promotes K48-linked ubiquitination and subsequent degradation of junction plakoglobin (JUP). The XAF1-VCP-RNF114-JUP axis is critical for the migration and metastasis of CRC cells. Moreover, we observe correlations between the protein levels of XAF1, RNF114, and JUP in clinical samples. Collectively, our findings reveal an oncogenic function of XAF1 in mCRC and suggest that the XAF1-VCP-RNF114-JUP axis is a potential therapeutic target for CRC treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Antibacterial sonothermal therapy (ASTT) is attractive for treating implant‐associated infection, which addresses the limitations of poor penetration of photothermal therapy. However, achieving implant surface‐specific ultrasound heating is incredibly challenging. Inspired by the porous acoustic metastructure in noise reduction, the acoustic metastructure would be a new strategy for attaining ASTT. Herein, an "acoustic confinement effect" is proposed to "trap" ultrasound for the metastructure TiO2 porous coating on titanium implants. The metastructure coating accomplishes specific acoustic absorption and efficient acoustic‐to‐thermal conversion, surpassing the non‐specific heating of conventional coatings. The theoretical calculation and experiment of metastructure porous coating prove the acoustic‐to‐thermal conversion mechanism, which is also validated in metastructure porous coatings on medical polyetheretherketone, indicating it is universal. Excitingly, this acoustic metastructure "trap" can capture bacteria and local sonothermal enhancement, exhibiting superior ASTT antibacterial rates (S. aureus, 99.69%; E. coil, 99.58%) at low‐power ultrasound. In addition, the metastructure TiO2 coating mimics human bone and demonstrates outstanding osseointegration. This study sheds substantial light on developing the acoustic responsive surface, broadening a new direction of acoustic metamaterials in medical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to investigate the effect of emodin on growth and intestinal microbiota of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) larvae. Five diets, including Con, E25, E50, E100 and E200 diet in which 0, 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg·Kg−1 emodin was supplemented. After a 30-day feeding trail, the results showed the specific growth rate (SGR) of larvae in E50, E100 and E200 group was significantly higher than that of control (p < 0.05). Furthermore, dietary emodin inclusion did not affect the SOD, CAT and GPx activity, while significantly decreased the MDA level (p < 0.05). Moreover, dietary emodin (50 mg·Kg−1) notably enhanced the expression of immune related genes including nrf2 , il-1β , tgf-β , ifn-γ , ifn-i and irf3. Additionally, a higher relative abundance of Idiomarina and Halomonas , as well as a lower content of Mycoplasma was observed in E50 group, whereas Enterobacter content remarkably decreased in E200 group at genus level (p < 0.05). Finally, the M. salmoides larvae in E50 group exhibited a relative higher survival rate (p < 0.05), while larvae in E200 group showed a slightly higher mortality than that of control. Collectively, these results demonstrated that proper dosage of supplementing emodin (50 mg·Kg−1) in diet could lead to a promotion of growth performance, immunity, and a protective effect on M. salmoides larvae against MSRV infection. • Dietary emodin (0, 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg·Kg−1) promoted the specific growth rate of M. salmoides larvae. • Dietary emodin (50 mg·Kg−1) notably enhanced the expression of immune related genes including il-1β , tgf-β , ifn-γ , ifn-i and irf3 in M. salmoides larvae. • Dietary emodin (50 mg·Kg−1) remarkably reduced the Mycoplasma content, while multiplied the Halomonas and Idiomarina abundance in intestine of M. salmoides larvae. • Dietary emodin (50 mg·Kg−1) dramatically increased the survival rate of M. salmoides larvae challenged with MSRV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a condition resulting from perinatal brain injury and can lead to physical disabilities. Exosomes derived from human amniotic mesenchymal stromal cells (hAMSC-Exos) hold promise as potential therapeutic options. This study aimed to investigate the impact of hAMSC-Exos on neuronal cells and their role in regulating apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo. hAMSC-Exos were isolated via ultracentrifugation and characterized via transmission electron microscopy, particle size analysis, and flow cytometry. In vitro, neuronal damage was induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). CP rat models were established via left common carotid artery ligation. Apoptosis levels in cells and CP rats were assessed using flow cytometry, quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT–qPCR), Western blotting, and TUNEL analysis. The results demonstrated successful isolation of hAMSC-Exos via ultracentrifugation, as the isolated cells were positive for CD9 (79.7%) and CD63 (80.2%). Treatment with hAMSC-Exos significantly mitigated the reduction in cell viability induced by LPS. Flow cytometry revealed that LPS-induced damage promoted apoptosis, but this effect was attenuated by treatment with hAMSC-Exos. Additionally, the expression of caspase-3 and caspase-9 and the Bcl-2/Bax ratio indicated that excessive apoptosis could be attenuated by treatment with hAMSC-Exos. Furthermore, tail vein injection of hAMSC-Exos improved the neurobehavioral function of CP rats. Histological analysis via HE and TUNEL staining showed that apoptosis-related damage was attenuated following hAMSC-Exo treatment. In conclusion, hAMSC-Exos effectively promote neuronal cell survival by regulating apoptosis, indicating their potential as a promising therapeutic option for CP that merits further investigation. [Display omitted] • hAMSC-Exos enhance neurobehavioral outcomes in cerebral palsy model rats. • hAMSC-Exos counteract LPS-induced damage, preserving neuronal viability in vitro. • Caspase-3 expression, Caspase-9 expression, the Bcl-2/Bax ratio suggest that hAMSC-Exos suppress apoptosis. • hAMSC-Exos have potential clinical value in cerebral palsy treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]