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The present study aims to estimate some haematology parameters and study their relationship with thalassemia, samples were collected from people with Thalassemia disease and healthy people of different ages ranging between (15-67 years), where blood was collected from the aforementioned people under the same conditions and controls, where blood was collected in tubes containing anticoagulants and then examined At Al-Zahraa Hospital Center for Thalassemia, where the infection was diagnosed and for all ages without exception, all hematological parameters, excluding MCHC, have been observed to be significantly (P 0.001, P 0.001, P 0.05, respectively) decrease in the patients than in the controls. lower than the controls, also we found the WBC and RBC except PLT (P>0.05, P<0.01, P>0.05 respectively). Show increase in the level of platelet in the patient compare with the control. Clinical evidence shows that the erythrocyte count and the values of their particular indices drop along with the haemoglobin feature reduction (MCV, MCH, HCT, etc.). This study found that thalassemia patients had higher serum levels of platelets and white blood cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

According to epidemiological research, that bacteria infect half of the world's population, and more than 10% -15 percent of those infected get significant gastrointestinal problems. The goal of the study would be to use the standard PCR for predict the existence of the 16SrRNA gene, cytotoxin-associated gene A [cagA], and determined genomic B [cagB]. other products thought to be the most important pathogenic determinants of Helicobacter pylori in 68 clinical specimens from Al-Diwaniyah Teaching Hospital in Iraq. [40] Patients with gastric cancer, and [28] tissue gastric samples from people who did not have gastric cancer. Our findings revealed that the 16SrRNA gene of H. pylori was positive in 57.3 percent of those with stomach cancer as well as 30.8 percent of those without. In contrast, the cagA gene was found in 57.3 percent of those with gastric cancer and 29.4 percent of people who did not have gastric cancer. The entire set of findings was statistically significant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the medical effect of walnut peel extract as an antimicrobial against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This study was carried out at the bacterial laboratory in the Department of Medical Laboratory Techniques/ College of Medical and Health Technology/ University of Kafeel in the province of Najaf. Bacteria isolate used in this study were collected from patients with tonsillitis at AlSader Medical City in Najaf Province. In this work, alcoholic extracts of walnut peels were extracted but use the Soxhlet extract equipment and their inhibitory impact on the aforementioned bacteria was examined. The present study aims to estimate of extraction of walnut shells as antibacterial and study it as alternative drugs. The results have shown that there was clear inhibition of walnut peels extract on P. aeruginosa with all concentration series. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to investigate a novel parameter in the meat extract which could help to evaluate the systemic health of broilers and, consequently, chicken's meat quality. Considerable numbers of studies in Iraq have emphasized meat quantity rather than quality. Therefore, based on the initial inspection, two groups of live chickens have been collected from the local market in Najaf city. The first group (10 birds) apparently healthy without any sickness signs. On the other hand, the second group of chickens (10 birds) were suffering from illness signs, apparently sick, such as loss of appetite, ruffled feathers, difficulty breathing, nasal discharge, closed eyes, swollen heads, diarrhea, and dullness. The parameters have been investigated to conduct the current study are: ALT, AST, urea, albumin, creatinine, triglyceride, cholesterol, and HDL as general initial tests for serum (when the chickens are a live) and meat extract (after slaughter and frozen). The results showed that the blood and meat urea in the sick chickens were significantly higher compared to the healthy group chickens. Whereas, the concentration of albumin in the meat extract was considerably greater in the sick chickens than in the healthy chickens. In conclusion, the results indicated a novel, promising, accurate, and easy way to evaluate quality frozen chicken meat via a urea test. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Toxoplasma gondii is a single-celled parasite that lives inside the host's cells and infects a huge percentage of the world's population. The purpose of this study was to find out how common toxoplasmosis was among patients and visitors at Najaf's Al-Sadr and Al-Hakim Hospitals. The absorption method employing (ELISA) was utilized to examine the enzyme-linked antibodies in 51 patients (31 males and 20 females) and 42 normal blood samples (control) that were separated into males (22) and females (20). From October 2021 to March 2022, blood samples were collected from 31 males and 20 females, as well as 42 healthy people (control). Anti-Toxoplasma IgM and IgG antibodies were identified using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent test. Overall prevalence of Toxoplasma was found to be 51 (54.83 percent) males, 37 (39.78 percent) females IgG, and IgM of Toxoplasma was found to be 48 (51.61 percent) males, and 10 (10.73 percent) females. Our current study confirmed that the infection rate in males is more than females in both tests, especially males who keep animals and are in direct contact with these disease-carrying animals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Amputation is always considered a major health problem that causes panic and leads to body disfigurement and changes in the life and activity of amputees and their independence. The process of adaptation with prosthetic limbs is a major problem in the field of rehabilitation. Not only does it require extra effort from the patient to adapt to a new condition in terms of movement and balance, but it is also not easy to get a perfect fit between the socket and the amputated tip. The present work aims to design and manufacture a low-cost, lightweight, flexible, and highly efficient regulated lower limb prosthesis socket for a 22-year-old male weighing 78 kg. The socket recess on the leg of the amputee patient can be adjusted to be comfortable, flexible, and integrated with the details of the amputation area. The socket was designed and manufactured with the characteristics of rapid and continuous regulation to ensure a tight fit of the socket with the amputated limb. It enables the patient to quickly adapt and to ensure patient comfort during normal daily activities as well as during wearing and removing the prosthesis where the dimensions and size of the amputated leg of the patient change after the prosthesis was installed due to dynamic loads to which it was subjected. The pneumatic control system consists of the manufactured socket, the mechanism for controlling air pressure and the system of air gates were designed to adjust the socket to work with a number of mechanical stresses with variable directions to ensure the best fixation of the prosthesis, the highest comfort and to restore a large part of the daily activities lost by patients of different ages, weights, and levels of amputation in their lower limbs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adaptive Sliding Mode Control (ASMC) for a servo actuator system with friction is investigated and addressed within the scope of this paper. The ASMC system offers several advantages over conventional sliding mode control. The first step is to reduce the control attempt to the lowest level permitted by the sliding mode's preconditions. Second, knowing the highest uncertainty limits is not necessary for advancement. Using numerical simulation in MATLAB 2021a, it was possible to investigate the effectiveness of the proposed robust adaptive sliding mode control approach for servo actuator systems that contain friction. Comparing the results of ASMC (Adaptive Sliding Mode Control) to those of conventional SMC (Sliding Mode Control) reveals that the control attempts and chattering are reduced; however, the primary characteristics of the ASMC (Adaptive Sliding Mode Control) remain. To compensate for the system's uncertain non - linearities, linear uncertainties, and, most importantly, non-linear uncertain variables caused by the different original control volumes, the scheme combines the sliding mode control method with the development of a novel-type Lyapunov function to create an asymptotic stability adaptive controller and adaptation laws. The results demonstrate that, when combined with the adaptation scheme, the non-linear control method achieves satisfactory performance on the designated tracking task even in unknown non-linear factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A drone is an intriguing thing that needs great strength and low weight. The most common issues this kind of plane encounters are collision and fall, thus, it is required to produce a strong frame, which adds weight and increases manufacturing costs. As a result, we turn to 3D printing manufacturing and topological optimization to design a light frame. Topology optimization and 3D printing work well together, the most effective production method for producing lightweight structures. SolidWorks topology optimization and discovery live were employed throughout the design phase to decrease weight and improve aerodynamic efficiency for this project. Most of the structural failures are due to the quadcopter falling on the ground and breaking, so the analysis in this research will be based on the quadcopter crash. A common model is designed for a cross quadcopter with a fixed size of 40 cm and a certain weight of 797 grams; then, the fall of this frame will be analyzed in different modalities and with a height of 20 m. Then the topological optimization will take place, so we reduced the weight by 50% (the new weight becomes 400 grams)and repeated the same analysis of the drop with the same modalities and heights. It noticed a very small height with the fall's stress and strain deformations within the material's safety factor and dimensions, and succeeded in reducing the weight in half while maintaining the same strength and durability characteristics of the frame. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

People are significantly impacted by poor air quality. Millions of fatalities are attributed to health problems and air pollution. To regulate and improve air quality, the World Health Organization and the Environmental Protection Agency have created a number of rules and standards. Recently, several writers proposed low-cost instruments for quickly determining air quality. the plethora of low-cost methods for gathering sensor data and evaluating air quality. In this work, a remote safety monitoring system for temperature, carbon monoxide, and humidity has been designed and implemented as a single tool. The OLED display of the measuring device and the LCD display of a remote monitoring system both display the measurement results. The ESP32 microcontroller and LoRa wireless technology are both used by this device. While the MQ-7 sensor is used to track carbon monoxide levels, the DHT22 sensor measures temperature and humidity. Testing The AS8700A Carbon Monoxide Meter and the 4000 NV Pocket Weather Tracker, both of which are used in the Environmental station, are calibrated using equipment that complies with industry standards. An alert will be sent if irregularities in the recorded parameters are found (buzzer and blinking LED). Patients, staff members, and health care providers can use this device to inspect their surroundings and do remote monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main purpose of this research paper is to know the factors that affect the surface roughness and the accuracy of the dimension of a product in the milling machine. The modern industries with the production of mechanical parts and complex parts in this field take a great influence on companies the competitors in terms of obtaining a high surface finish and fast, efficient, and improved operations, where operator experience plays a major role. It is not easy to get optimal values every time. It isn't easy to get optimal values every time. This work took an interest in achieving energy consumption, reducing scrap production, and wasting materials. It was studied on a brass alloy, and the working standards were the (speed of the spindle, cutting speed, feed rate, and depth of cut). These factors are the main effect on the roughness of the surface and the superficial finish. The Taguchi method used the process to perform nine experiments according to the orthogonal matrix L9. It uses (ANOVA) technology through the Minitab 18 program to find the relationship between inputs and outputs that play a major role in improving the product quality and drawing the relationship between them. This work showed that the surface roughness increases with the increase in both the feeding rate and the depth of the cut. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The quadcopter is an advanced intelligent type of helicopter with four rotors; Qc is despite its intelligence and the complexity of its electronic parts, it is distinguished by the simplicity of the structure and its symmetry, and the four sides are equal in size, weight, and power of the motors. At present, the design of the quadcopter has diversified into a structure that takes the shape of a plus sign, others take a structure shaped like a letter H or hybrid H, and one that is the most common that takes the letter X, which we will work on. The most susceptible portion of the quadcopter to failure is the arms because they are sensitive to multiple types of stress, including fracture due to collision or fall and failure due to overloading. The goal of this study is to improve the design of the quadruple arm so that it can reliably lift heavy loads. The quad frame was designed with a size of 60 cm and a weight of 2 kg. eight structures of the same material (PLA), the same size wheelbase and the same weight, but in different arm shapes, these frames designed and analyzed statically by the SolidWorks Simulation to find the stresses, deformations, and areas of weakness in each arms separately, assuming the same power of motors and the same size of the propeller (lifting force) and the gravity force. The results showed that the bearing strength of the arm depends on the shape of the cross-sectional area along the length of the arm according to the laws of bending stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Human health care is one of the main issues related to biomedical engineering specialization. the improvement of the air-breathing quality leads to achieve one of the sustainable development goals (SDGs) which is good health and well-being. So, the purpose of this work is to introduce, design, calibrate, and evaluate a low-cost of the portable-sensor device for monitoring experimentally the dust-particles that are included in the living breathing air in the local city. To offer the low-cost the model was designed using Arduino UNO, dust sensor, temperature, humidity sensor, LCD screen, and alarm. The device checks the efficiency of the air surrounding the human being because dust and heat have a great impact on human health. The sensor device was examined for accuracy through comparing the sensor to an accurate copy sensor of itself with outdoor and indoor climates. It was found that accurate measurements under real-world humid and temperature varying, and dynamically changing conditions were achievable using the proposed sensor when compared to the commercially available sensors. The experimental results showed the proposed dust-sensor device high-quality measurements at economy lower-cost solutions than commercially available sensors for air-quality testing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Energy consumption is rising over the world, also resources are growing scarce. Only conventional sources of power are utilized as a major source of energy. Some traditional energy sources, like thermal energy, are derived from fossil fuel coal, which is depleting also has a finite lifespan. Renewable energy sources like solar also wind, among others, have a promising future. The wind sector has made great development in recent years. Many interconnected electricity networks have witnessed a considerable rise in wind power penetration. Wind farms in distant places may possibly be utilized as a stand-alone wind energy source. In this work, summarizing past research regarding PV/Wind energy supply system employing permanent magnet synchronous generator with multilayer inverter were provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electrolysis cell which is one of the easiest techniques for Hydrogen production have been manufactured in the present research work. The constructed cell was manufacture by using multiples electrodes plate type of stainless steel 314 and immersed in the electrolyte solution. The practical results revealed that the volume of produced Hydrogen gas was significantly affected when the reaction parameters such as electrolyte concentration and operation time are varied. It has been found that the electrolysis cell constructed with multiple electrodes plate is a good choice to increase Hydrogen production in comparison with the previous various study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main purpose of this paper is to make use of the Hordam polynomials Hn(x), in order to submit and discuss three new subclasses of the class Σ consisting of holomorphic bi-univalent functions in the open unit disk Δ. For functions belonging to the defined classes, we then derive coefficient bounds and the Fekete-Szegӧ problems. Also, we obtain new special cases for our results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lack of sleep is one of the main causes of traffic accidents. Sleep deprivation is a major cause of poor driving performance as it causes physical and mental damage. The study investigated the evolution of highway fatigue in sleep-deprived settings. This study compared drivers' behavior through fatigue driving tasks and non-fatigue driving tasks. A total of 42 participants of average age (33.14 years) and of different genders performed the driving tasks. Participants' performance on both tasks was assessed based on measures of driving speed. The results of this study concluded that tired drivers experienced a gradual deterioration in performance accompanied by a gradual increase in driving speed with a decreased ability to maintain speed, in contrast to non-fatigued drivers. The results of the analysis also indicated that the youth group is less than 40 years old was the fastest in the gruelling driving task from elderly groups over 40 years old. The results showed that females recorded a change in the ability to maintain speed in fatigue driving tasks compared to non-fatigue driving more than males, and the reason is due to a gradual decrease in alertness accompanied by an increase in the levels of drowsiness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Silicon nanoparticles were generated by ablation process employing a laser nanosecond Nd–Yag laser, 1.06 µm pulse energy of 700 m.J, (using 90 pulses), Δτ=5 nanosecond pulse width. Nanoparticles with diameters ranging from ~50 up to ~250 nm were observed in the result—the creation of silicon nanoparticles based on the ablation process of silicon wafer immersed in double denoised water. Nanoparticles size distribution, surface morphology, and transmission and absorption officiation were studying. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present work Ni2O3 nanomaterial is a phase of Nickel Oxide have been synthesized via using simple chemical process. It is a simple, rapid and cost effective method. Nickel Chloride Hexahydrate NiCl2.6H2O and Potassium Hydroxide KOH are the basic materials used in the present process, by utilizing a temperature at 250 oC for 2 hour. The morphological, structural and optical properties of the synthesized samples were characterized by employing various techniques such as AFM, XRD, UV-Vis and FTIR respectively. The XRD technique confirm the presence of Ni2O3 nanomaterial with crystal size 57.083 nm which consistent with AFM, UV-Vis and FTIR. Results revealed that the fast, simple and low cost method produced Ni2O3 in Nano size range. The synthesis Ni2O3 will be useful for different industries. It is comfortable to manufacture the electrodes materials for fuel cell and production catalytic materials for electrolysis cell. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Support Vector Machine (SVM) modelling approach focuses on dimensional reduction with a powerful generalization capability to solve problems such as non-linearity, and local extremes. However, the ability of SVM to learn and generalize depends on the collection of acceptable parameters that directly affect the output of the model. In addition, deploying relevant feature sets is also an issue in obtaining optimal classification. Thus, this work deploys eight swarm intelligence algorithms to improve the SVM classifier's accuracy by conducting two experiments: feature selection and tuning SVM parameters using the obtained feature set. The deployed swarm intelligence algorithms include Particle swarm optimization (PSO), Genetic Algorithm (GA), Firefly Algorithm (FA), Salp Swarm Algorithm (SSA), Bat Algorithm (BA), Sine Cosine Algorithm (SCA), Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA), and Multi Verse Optimization (MVO). The undertaken experiments were on six medical benchmark datasets that are of various dimensions. Evaluation was based on two metrics: classification accuracy and size of feature set. This work's significance is to present the comparison and determine which swarm algorithm is the best to be used in a large size medical dataset. The experimental results support existing literature that noted the swarm intelligence are useful feature selection as well as optimizing SVM parameter while maintaining acceptable accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wide applications of the uses of thin film technology are in medicine. It is used in artificial kidney dialysis and works to separate toxic substances harmful to the body, as well as an artificial lung where the blood is enriched with oxygen outside the body, and then returns to the patient's body. When it comes to corrosion resistance, titanium is at the top of the list. However, in certain harsh environments, it can be attacked by corrosion. This work enhances the corrosion resistance of medical Titanium alloy (Ti6Al4V) used to substitute natural bones and teeth. Using the reactive DC sputtering method from a titanium target in an argon/oxygen environment, thin coatings of TiO2 were produced on Ti6Al4V substrates in this study. Except for the applied power of the source, all synthesis parameters were held constant across all deposited coatings, including gas ratio, pressure, gas flow, and substrate distance. Researchers looked into how different sputtering powers impacted morphological and corrosion properties. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to examine the coatings' surface morphology, while energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy was used to evaluate their elemental chemical composition. In order to determine and compare the corrosion behavior of uncoated and TiO2 coated Ti6Al4V, electrochemical potentiodynamic polarization tests were performed in synthesized simulated body fluid (SBF)solution at 37±1 ◦C. Using 250 watts of power, the coating of sputtered TiO2 exhibited the maximum level of corrosion resistance. The results of this evaluation demonstrated a direct correlation between the applied power and the enhancement in corrosion resistance for specific grain size values. Corrosion resistance and biocompatibility of Ti6Al4V human body implants were shown to be improved after being coated with TiO2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Hummer technique was utilised to produce graphene oxide (GO), while the sol gol method was employed to produce cadmium oxide (CdO) nanoparticles (NPs) for this research. X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), and a field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) were used to examine the structural properties of CdO NPs and GO. By boosting adsorption, expanding the light absorption range, and blocking electron-hole pair recombination, GO enhances the photocatalytic efficiency of CdO/GO nanomaterials. These compounds have enormous potential uses in the degradation of organic contaminants from wastewater, and their manufacturing is expected to be scalable using this simple process. The improved catalytic activity of CdO/GO nanocomposites has been linked to the greater adsorption susceptibility of dye molecules, high charge separation, and suppressed recombination of photogenerated electron-hole pairs brought about by the presence of GO. These results demonstrated the promising prospects for future use of graphene-based semiconductor nanocomposites as visible-light photocatalysts in the field of water purification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a photovoltaic device model of perovskite materials with (p-i-n) configuration for numerical simulation using the Solar Cell Capacitance Simulator (SCAPS) package software. The PV research community can use SCAPS, a thin film solar cell numerical device simulator, free of cost. This study illustrates the ideal behaviour of different thicknesses of polycrystalline thin film perovskite solar cells. To fabricate perovskite solar cells with high efficiency and reasonable material parameter selection, this simulation study will be helpful. The P-type layer is made of hole transport materials, HTM, as a Poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) polymer, P3HT, and the intrinsic layer is CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite and the n-type layer is composed of two layers of ZnO1.5-x /PCBMx, Zink oxide(ZnO), and [6,6]-Phenyl-C61 butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM), respectively, where x is the thickness of the PCBM. The performance parameters of solar cells, capacitance, conductance and impedance were studied under variable thickness (x=0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, 1.2, 1.5) µm with fixation of the parameters and other conditions in the simulation calculation process. The best performance of the solar cell in the simulation models was obtained when the electron transport materials, ETM, layer was composed of ZnO only, x=0 µm, under solar radiation intensity of 1000 W/m2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The BOLSIG+code was used, which depends on the Boltzmann equation and its solution, to calculate some transport properties of weak ionization plasmas under atmospheric pressure, specifically Argon, Helium and their mixtures with different percentage compositions, as a function of reduced electric field, then using these calculated values to estimate the electronic transition thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity as a function of the absolute temperature for the range of 300 to 30000k. The compositions of Argon and Helium plasmas were obtained using the Saha equation, depending on them ionization energy values. The obtained values of thermal and electrical conductivities were compared with that published previously, and the study showed that there is an excellent agreement between the results obtained using the BOLSIG+ code and the previously published results. It is noted that when mixing argon and helium, argon remains more dominant than helium even at a high helium percentage due to the low ionization energy of argon compared to helium, which leads to the generation of charged particles in argon earlier than helium, and these charged particles are responsible for the characteristics of the material. This confirms the reliability of this method and the possibility of adopting it to study the transport properties of other gases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

DeepFake, DeepFake detection, and face detection technologies have a strong relationship. DeepFake techniques have become a serious threat to celebrities, the general public, and the judiciary, which relies on visual media as evidence in criminal cases. DeepFake detection methods are responsible for detecting DeepFake through a series of procedures, the first and most significant of which is face detection. Note that face detection approaches are used in several methods to detect faces in photos, including those in DeepFake generating and DeepFake detection. Hence, the first part of this paper describes the concept of face detection and three of its tools, two of which are frequently utilized in DeepFake detection (Multi-Task Cascaded Convolutional Networks (MTCNN) and Dlib). MediaPipe has not yet been employed in this field to study and evaluate the performance of these tools through a practical comparison. Consequently, a group of modern DeepFake detection methods proposes a new taxonomy based on extracting the features utilized in each. Lastly, datasets of photos from DeepFake detection experiments were used to determine which one posed a genuine challenge to the three tools. The results presented that the MediaPipe tool is the best in accuracy, 99.3%, and the dataset Open Forensic (OF) is the most challenging due to the many mistakes generated when its works on it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, the asymptotic behavior and oscillation criteria of neutral differential equations of Emden-Fowler type of third order are studied. Where some conditions were formulated to ensure oscillation for all solutions of these equations. The obtained conditions can be generalized to higher order delay differential equations of Emden-Fowler type. The obtained results showed that the Emden-Fowler type in the neutral differential equation plays a major role in the presence or absence of the oscillation property, unlike other types of neutral differential equations. Some examples are presented to illustrate and apply the results obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Extensive research has been conducted on the development of Slurry Infiltrated Fiber Concrete SIFCON and its characteristics. Fly ash was used as a binder in this study, and two different kinds of steel fibers—micro and hooked steel fibers—were used in the mortar in variable ratios (0, 6, 12, and 18) to examine the properties of SIFCON geopolymer concrete. The optimization of the geopolymer slurry texture, compression strength, hardness, ultrasonic pulse-velocity, elastic modulus (dynamic) (Ed), shear modulus (dynamic) (Gd), and the logical correlation among non destructive testing (NDT) (RN and UPV) and compression strength were all examined. The test outcomes demonstrated impoved characteristics, such as a 26.1% increase in compressive strength when 12% micro fiber of steel was used. The value of ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), which includes shear pulse velocity (Vs) and longitudinal pulse velocity (Vl) showed increases of 33.70% and 27.50% respectively, with the addition of 12% micro fiber of steel. Insertion of 12% hooked-end steel fiber, however, produced ideal rebound number readings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Image encryption has become an important issue and a new field in image processing. The Hyperchaotic image encryption scheme has advantages that make it more robust against attacks, faster encryption speed, and easy to implement. In this study, a Novel cryptographic algorithm (a new hyperchaotic map) can be utilized for color image encryption with differing formats presentation through high levels of security and efficiency. By using Hyperchaotic Image Encryption, Hyper Logistic (HIEHL), a secure image transfer method can develop. Due to the wide range of hyperchaos, our 3D-Logistic map is more ergodic and unpredictable than the Lyapunov exponent. An encryption scheme based on 3D-Logistic maps is developing to protect color images by substituting pixels in multiple directions. A chaotic sequence separates adjacent pixels from their correlations, resulting in a change in pixel value. The scheme has been tested on different color images and is effective against various threats, image encryption (HIEHL), and data loss. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A total 70 samples Disks shape were designed to testes. Gingival fibroblasts of human (Manassas, VA, USA) and MTT assay were applied to measurement of toxic substances or biocompatibility test after washing in (10 and 30min) with (Isopropyl alcohol and Ethyl alcohol). Non washing as a control group in (distilled water). The purpose of the study evaluation the effect of two different types of the alcohols on surface deformation, hardness, and cell viability, of 3D-printed dental resin materials that use to denture base. The mean and standard deviation of shore D hardness were recorded for 10min (CTR, IPA, ETOH) (82.59±2.04,79.21±2.39,76.16±2.37), for 30min (82.59±2.04,76.16±2.57,75.99±2.28). The cell viability highest mean recorded in30min (81.24%,79.05%) with (IPA, ETOH). and (CTR)lowest mean (20.67%). In this study appear significant effect the washing solutions and time on biocompatibility as well as no significant effect on surface texture and hardness of 3d resin materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research focused on studying the use of leaf extract to create titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles in an eco-sustainable manner. The nanoparticles were thoroughly examined using techniques and their ability to combat E. coli bacteria was assessed. In the synthesis process the pomegranate leaf extract acted as both a reducing agent and a stabilizer. To confirm the formation of TiO2 nanoparticles UV visible spectroscopy was employed to detect absorption peaks associated with these particles. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy provided insights, into the groups in the extract that played a role in reducing and coating the nanoparticles. X ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that the TiO2 nanoparticles possessed a crystalline structure while Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) allowed for examination of their nanoscale surface characteristics and topography. Subsequently tests were conducted to evaluate how effectively the synthesized TiO2 nanoparticles could inhibit E. coli Bacteria growth showing promising effects that increased with higher concentrations. These findings highlight the potential of using TiO2 nanoparticles created with leaf extract as a solution for combating bacterial infections. Furthermore, this research adds to the progress of creating biocompatible nanomaterials using natural extracts. It opens opportunities for their application in domains, like medicine, environmental restoration, and nanotechnology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is important to establish an effective and environmentally acceptable approach for treating waste waters produced by industrial effluents since synthetic dye contamination of water through the discharge of industrial wastewater is an issue that affects the entire world. In order to accomplish this, the fungus Fusarium sp. is divided into two lines: The first line involved activating the fungi in (Czapek-Dox medium) before growing the fungi on Dextrose Potato Agar (5 mg) and immobilizing their mycelium with Graphene Oxide (20 mg) standalone aerogel to improve the adsorption effectiveness. The second line involved adding two dyes—Crystal Violet and Congo Red—at concentrations of 0.01, 0.02, 0.03, 0.04, and 0.05. Scanning microscopy investigations and the shift in the UV-visible spectrum of adsorption, which demonstrated dye adsorption on the surface of the fungal mycelium, were used to identify the decolonization of hazardous dye solutions. The percentage of crystal violet that was removed after treatment with graphain oxide-fungi aerogel increased as concentrations of the dye rose, reaching a maximum removal percentage of 80.59% in 0.06mg/L concentrate but remaining constant throughout (h.2, h.4, h.24), and it was present in all concentrations. Contrarily, Due to the fact that congo red's surface generates electrostatic attraction and carries both negative and positive charges, congo red claims that no color was subtracted in any concentration during the treatment period, which reduces or prevents adsorption. Aspergillus sp. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Breast cancer ranks as the second leading cause of death In Iraq, following closely behind cardiovascular diseases. The ob-jective of the present research was to assess the fluctuations in hematological and biochemical parameters among breast cancer patients. This research was conducted at Iraq's Al-Muthanna University, specifically at the College of Science, the duration of the sampling phase encompassed the months between November 2022 and May 2023. In the current study, a total of 60 participants were included and categorized into three groups: a group of breast cancer patients (20 individuals), a group of benign patients (20 individuals), and a healthy group (20 individuals). The age of the participants ranged from 20 to 68 years old for both the patients and the healthy individuals. The samples that were gathered were subjected to scrutiny through hematological and biochemical examinations. The study showed Non-significant at (P<0.05) in hematological parameters (RBCs, H.B., PCV, WBCs and Platelet) and biochemical parameters(ALT, AST and Cholesterol) between patients and control groups but they found effect of breast cancer on these parameters. While, we noticed significant at (P<0.05) in Progesterone, Estrogen and Prolactin) between patients and control groups. Based on these findings, we reached the conclusion that breast cancer has an impact on altering certain blood parameters, liver enzymes, and steroid hormones when compared to the control measurements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A total of 60 specimens, it was collected from Baghdad city hospitals during the period from August 2021 to June 2022. These clinical samples included: burn and wound swabs. collected these samples from Baghdad Hospital/Teaching Laboratories and Yarmouk Hospital/Teaching Laboratories. isolation forty-five of Proteus mirabilis characterized by morphological and microscopic characteristics, biochemical and confirmatory vitak 2 system, determination Proteus mirabilis infection according to age groups By Vitak system, the highest percentages of infection of wound [seventeen cases] was detected among the patients of the 1st g (10-30 yr.), after that 2nd g (31-51yr.) [fifteen cases], while the lowest percentages [one case] was seen in the 3rd group. By Vitak system, 2nd g (31-51yr.), showed the highest percentages of infection in burns [six cases] compared to the patients of the 1st g (10-30yr.) [four cases], while the lowest percentages were seen in the patients of the 3rd g [two cases]. All Proteus isolates were found to be sensitive to the Meropenem. But were 100% resistance property to piperacillin and tetracycline; resistance 90% to cefepime, imipenem, and ciprofloxacin; 70% or less resistance for levofloxacin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pneumocystis jirovecii is implicated in the pathogenesis of Pneumocystis pneumonia. It is notoriously difficult to cultivate. Therefore, the present study aimed to estimate three conventional methods for its detection compared to the immunofluorescence technique among patients with febrile neutropenia to find an ideal, sensitive, easy, and accurate method for this pathogen diagnosis. In this study, 75 induced sputum samples were taken from inpatients with hematological malignancies and febrile neutropenia in Baghdad Teaching Hospital during the period from October 2022 to January 2023. Toluidine-Blue O stain, Gomori methenamine silver stain, and Giemsa stain were used and compared with an immunofluorescence technique as a standard test for Pneumocystis jirovecii detection. Both the Gomori methenamine silver stain and the Toluidine-Blue O stain had high specificity of 100% and sensitivity of 100%, whereas the Toluidine-Blue O stain showed high specificity of 100% but low sensitivity of 57%. On the other hand, although the specificity was high at 90% for the Giemsa staining method, it was considered inaccurate, useless, and ineffective because of its low sensitivity, which was 42.9%, and its relatively low accuracy, which was 81.3%. The Toluidine-Blue O stain and Giemsa stain method required highly experienced technicians and were not accurate and sensitive enough. Gomori methenamine silver staining was also considered one of the best methods statistically compared to the immunofluorescence technique, but it was not the ideal or standard method for identifying the pathogen, especially since pulmonary cysts are severe and patients are immunocompromised. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The double-stranded DNA (DsDNA) in different environments having conformational transitions was studies as vital parts of both in vitro and in vivo processes, The use of poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) with Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and Hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (CTMA) as thin films capacitors is very important to be as the dielectric layer in Organic-Field Effect Transistors (OFETs). Thin film polymers of (DNA-CTMA/PMMA) was prepared using spin coating method with spin speed 3000 rpm and study the effect of DNA-CTMA on the properties of Polymer PMMA. Thickness of thin films measured by taking a cross-section using Field Emission Scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). We found that we get on a good transfer for DNA from water soluble to alcohol soluble and the particles of DNA-CTMA are nearly equal to (35.29nm). Also, we found that the direct and indirect energy gap having constant values for ratios (0, 5, 10, and 15) from added DNA-CTMA to the PMMA and equal to (5.6 eV) and (4.35 eV) respectively. These results were the best values for using it as dielectric gate to synthesis OFETs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the influence of exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) on the performance of diesel engines fuelled by waste cooking oil (WCO)/diesel mixtures. The use of this mix has spread widely in recent years to reduce the harm and damage caused by diesel emissions while offering a comparable energy source, as diesel engines are the main source of power generation in many sectors globally, including agriculture, business, residential, and transportation, increasing the importance of this concept. Fuel costs are steadily rising and will continue to do so in the future, and fossil fuels produce severe pollution when burned. Researchers are thus agreed that the use of biodiesel, which offers encouraging results based on progressive combustion processes, shorter ignition delays, less carbon being emitted, and increased rate of heat release, is worth further investigation. However, the high temperature and availability of oxygen in biodiesel chemical formulae can lead to an increase in nitrogen oxide production. This study thus focuses on the use of EGR technology, which is an effective technique for reducing nitrogen oxide emissions when using a mixture of biodiesel fuel with diesel in different proportions by reducing both oxygen concentration and cylinder temperature. Performance parameters such as SFC, BTE and EXT were thus tested at various proportions, along with emissions such as NOX, CO2, and HC. The use of EGR caused marginal decreases in CO2 emissions depending on the load and the rate of the EGR, while oxygen decreased with increasing engine load and when EGR was raised. WCO has a lower heating value, which caused an increase in SFC in some cases; however, the brake thermal efficiency of the engine was not significantly affected. The BTE with WCO biodiesel was less than that of diesel when the same EGR was applied, while the SFC increase was lower with biodiesel than with pure diesel fuel. Thus, EGR has less negative impact on engine performance where WCO biodiesel is used than in the case of pure diesel fuels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The brake system is a vehicle's most important safety element, protecting both the car and its passengers, in addition to surrounding pedestrians, vehicles, and property. One of the main problems that can lead to failure in brake systems is excessive heat generated due to friction during braking operations. In this paper, a 3-dimensional thermal transient model of the brake system was simulated using the finite element technique in COMSOL Multiphysics® 6. This was used to study the effect of the frictional linings' HCCs on the thermal behaviours of the brake system. In addition, the effect of vehicle speed on pad and disc surface temperatures, the energy passing into the pad, and the Von Misses stress was investigated. The percentage increases in surface temperature and Von Misses stress were 194% and 151%, respectively, when the initial velocity of the vehicle increased from 80 km/h to 140 km/h. These results confirmed that the vehicle's speed is the most significant factor affecting the brake system's thermal performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the most crucial requirements for any power system is optimal power flow (OPF). The relevant optimisation problem thus attempts to create new distributions of active and reactive power while respecting the necessarytechnological and financial limitations. Considering this as an optimisation problem that entails minimising a target function while considering practical and budgetary constraints, an attempt is made in this work to redistribute both active and theoretical power, an approach that necessitates modification and the use of several control variables in the system. The purpose of this research is thus to discuss the OPF problem based on four target functions: real power losses, fuel value, voltage enhancement, and imaginary power losses, recruiting the assistance of a particle swarm optimisation)PSO(technique. After resolving the OPF issues, the PSO outputs were thus compared to those for various other techniques, including genetic algorithms and linear programming. The proposed PSO was demonstrated to achieve lower costs and losses and an improved voltage profile in case studies involving IEEE-30 buses when implemented in MATLAB environment R2018a. PSO also reduces the target function voltage profile or voltage deviation from the initial state of 0.48378 p.u to the optimal state of 0.199181 p.u. while reducing the target function's fuel cost from a starting condition of 901.9 $/hr to an ideal state of 800.636 $/hr. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, video surveillance has become ever more broadly utilised in many important areas such as security monitoring and health. This has led to a growing necessity for a system that automatically analyses video camera data, and Human Action Recognition (HAR) is a popular topic in this field. However, it is complex due to the extensive data created by the necessary feature extraction, which makes it challenging to construct a rapid and accurate classifier. In this paper, a novel method for classifying human actions based on data from RGB-D cameras is thus proposed. The proposed model works by classifying frames taken by RGB-D camera at regular times using a feature fusion technique based on a Histogram of Oriented Gradients (HOG) in addition to a Histogram of Oriented Depth (HOD). The experiments implemented show high accuracy of around 93% in terms of classification with low computation times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The world was stunned and shocked at the beginning of the novel coronavirus (Covid 19) pandemic by the lack of medical equipment and failure of hospital deliveries in many areas. The idea of this project was thus to design and implement an automated, unmanned medical ambulance drone that would be quick to implement, assemble, and manage at a low cost to support effective medical logistics services by transporting vaccines, blood, food, and emergency medicines both to doctors and workers in need of such items in health institutions, and to patients otherwise isolated in their homes. The resulting prototype ambulance drone can be used to perform repetitive tasks at reasonable cost and quality and can reach critical cases quickly. The electrical and electronic circuit diagrams of the implemented drone were designed and implemented using Fritzing software and C++. The outdoor signal range of the drone control is up to 1,000 m, with around half that distance indoors. A gyroscope is installed on the transmitter board, which, in the absence of new orders from the Arduino Nano, stabilises the plane in the air in a state of horizontal equilibrium. The software used then activates the flight controller code, setting up a small serial input processor for incoming data using a timer. To ensure the safety of the drone, a return key is activated, and the implemented quadcopter can then hover in the air with the help of a Global Positioning System (GPS), and the YMCA 32 flight controller that essentially stores the required GPS location in LAT coordinates and LON variables, ensuring that the quadcopter will hover over the correct coordinates. To achieve the urgent transportation of emergency medicines and corona vaccines, the drone was equipped with a small portable cooler (refrigerator). Where there is a need to operate the aircraft for longer distances, the drone's batteries can be recharged during flight by means of small, flexible polycrystalline solar panels. The drone was also equipped with further insulation in order to increase the efficacy of the cooling box, while the opening of the cooling box gate is controlled using a small robot. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lateral intakes are used for both irrigation networks and farm water transport and distribution. In this investigation, three-dimensional (3D) numerical model of a rectangular lateral intake's flow field in the subcritical flow regime is used to conduct CFD analysis, with FLOW-3D software used to simulate the phenomena, a k-ω model utilised to simulate the turbulence of the flow field, and a volume of fluid scheme used to simulate changes in the free surface (VOF). The primary objective of this research was to determine the applicability of FLOW-3D software and to find a novel formula for predicting the dimensions of the separation zone that arises at the inlet of branch channel by employing a state-of-the-art computing modelling technique known as gene expression programming (GEP). Three statistical parameters, the determination coefficient (R2), the mean absolute error (MAE), and the root mean square error (RMSE), were then used to select the model offering the most accurate estimate of separation zone size. The results showed that the numerical model accurately described the flow field, while the GEP model's derived formula was the most accurate predictor of the size of the separated area. GEP also offered the unique property of giving both the explicit and compressed arithmetic terms required for this purpose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Shatt Al-Hillah River, a tributary of the Euphrates River that passes through the Babylon Governorate, which is located in the central part of Iraq, flows through the governorates of Al-Hillah and Al-Diwaniyah. The river is 100 kilometres long overall, and it serves as the primary water source for the cities along its length. As a result, the river's quality must be constantly monitored. In this research, a method was used to utilise a weighted arithmetic water quality index (WOI): using this technique a single water level quality value can thus be created from the enormous amounts of water quality data available. As it is based on the use of fundamental water characterisation factors, the WQI can be utilised as a guideline for the classification of surface water, covering a broad variety of water quality parameters that may otherwise be expensive and time-consuming to calculate in order to accurately reflect water quality. Recent years have thus seen widespread use of the WQI approach to assessing aquatic ecosystems, and it has been recognised as among the most effective approaches for educating the general public and policymakers with regard to patterns in water quality. To enable efficient water quality treatment, the WQI can be utilised to highlight occurrences of both inorganic and organic water contaminants: the goal of the current study was thus to assess and discuss water quality in light of the inherent properties and seasonal changes affecting surface water in the selected system to create a specific WQI that can be integrated with a geographic information system (GIS) to determine the locations with optimum water quality via data mapping. Using previously collected data for the period 2017 to 2021 across two seasons each year, surface water samples were thus examined for a variety of physiochemical characteristics, including hydrogen potential (pH), electrical conductivity (EC), total dissolved solids (TDS), sulphate (SO4-2), chloride anions (Cl-), and nitrates (NO3-1). The water samples most suitable for drinking, aquatic life and irrigation were found at station 1, at Shatt Al-Hillah, with a WQI value of 8.322, while the results showed that the water quality ranged from good to unsuitable (WQI=124.99) at station 4, based on weighted calculations. This highlights considerable disparities between the first and fourth stations. The remaining WQI values were 23.0629 and 42.336 for stations 2 and 3, respectively, which are considered excellent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]