Search

To address the uncertainty of surgery duration, this paper investigates surgery planning scheduling problem with multiple servers, which proposes chance constraints of operating rooms overtime to guarantee the surgery durations of patients is no more than the time limit of operating rooms with a high probability. A stochastic chance-constrained program is proposed to determine which operating rooms to operate, and surgeries to operating rooms allocation. Based on a finite support set of the surgery duration, this paper introduces 0-1 variables to formulate the chance constraints, and derives 0-1 integer linear program counterpart. To improve the efficiency of the model, this paper presents two classes of valid inequalities and uses the longest path algorithm to separate the second class of valid inequalities, which are implemented in a branch-and-cut framework. Computational experiments based on real-life data from hospital in Beijing are conducted to verify the algorithm performance and determine the optimal planning scheme, so as to take full utilization of healthcare resources, i.e. operating rooms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We establish a Rosen-Roback spatial equilibrium model which decomposes the total economic growth into the change of labor input, total factor productivity (TFP) and wage differences. We calculate the model-based contribution of the cities, especially megacities, to Chinese aggregate economy. By using data of 285 cities from 2002 to 2015, we find out that the model-based contribution of Shanghai, Shenzhen, Beijing and Guangzhou to aggregate growth turn out to be higher than what is simply inferred from the share in GDP. Factor decomposition shows that the positive impact of megacities on Chinese economy comes from the increase in TFP and the increase in labor input, while the megacities widen wage dispersion of the whole country, generating a negative effect on economic growth. "Counterfactual" studies show that for the period 2002-2015, the top-five megacities increase the Chinese aggregate economy by 25.33%, and if the top-five did not enlarge the wage dispersion, then the aggregate economy would increase by 40.42%. Our research also shows that the overall development of the Yangtze River Delta and the Pearl River Delta regions is more balanced, while the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region still have a long way to go to reach the coordinated development. Since no previous study has used city level data in China to analyze the impact of megacities on Chinese economy, our research will fill this gap. According to the empirical results, this paper puts forward two suggestions, one is to further reduce the wage dispersion in China, the second is to further coordinate the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region for more balanced development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Method of train traction calculation is applied into calculate station-end turn-back capacity of urban rail transit, and the calculation effects are analyzed. First of all, this paper described and analyzed categories and operation progress of station-end turn-back, and obtained the minimal departure interval calculation formula of single track turn-back and double track turn-back, and suggested the reasonable turn-back track number when the throat area cannot operate parallel. Then, the kinetic equation, which solved the calculation method of station-end turn-back by using train traction calculation, was proposed. Finally, this paper used Beijing subway station Beijingxi under construction and DKZ4 trains as an example, and obtained the minimal departure intervals of station-end turn-back while DKZ4 train was operated under energy-saving mode and time-saving mode: the turn-back time using double tracks is much longer than that using single track. Based on these, this paper compared and analyzed the calculation results with that using average acceleration and deceleration, and shows that using train traction calculation is valuable in the capacity calculation of turn-back station. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies the mode choice problem considering the peak travel chain in a day. The transportation system comprises a subway parallel to a bottleneck-constrained highway between a residential area and a working place. Commuters can get their destinations by either auto or transit only; besides these two modes, they can drive to .the bottleneck, park there and then take subway to the destination. Based on the bottleneck theory, a hierarchical Logit model is used to describe commuters' mode choice behaviors, and then mode choice equilibrium equations under elastic demand are constructed. Furthermore, optimal fare and parking fee strategies under four mechanisms are discussed. It is shown that when transit and park-and-ride place are operated by government and the working area parking lot belongs to a private enterprise, lower fares and higher parking fees in working area can effectively encourage parking interchanging, increase public transit trip contribution rate and maximize the system's total net benefit. Numerical results also support the current differentiation parking charge policy in Beijing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fact that local governments rely heavily on land finance has fostered the emergence of "land lease price champion" in many cities across the country through land auctions and land auctions are most likely to cause excessive land auction premium. This paper focuses on residential and commercial land lease transactions in Beijing for a period from 2003 to 2010 and studies the driving forces of the observed land auction premium using hedonic pricing methodology. Results show that land use purpose, floor-to-site ratio, location, the type of land bidder and distance to city center significantly impact the land auction premium. Comparing with private real estate companies, state-owned real estate firms exert more impact on land auction premium. Another finding is that part of the stimulus package released in 2009 to cope with the economic crisis has been directed to land market through state-owned real estate firms that pushes up the land prices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]