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Abstract: Carbon/carbon composites containing zirconium were prepared using chopped carbon fiber, mesophase pitch and Zr powder by the traditional process including molding, carbonization, densification and graphitization. The influence of Zr on the microstructure and properties of the composites were investigated. Results show that Zr can improve the interface bonding, promote more perfect and larger crystallites and enhance the conductive/mechanical properties of the composites. The high in-plane thermal conductivity of 464W/(mK) and excellent bending strength of 83.6MPa was obtained for a Zr content of 13.9wt% at heat treatment temperature(HTT) of 2500°C. However the conductive/mechanical properties of the composites decrease dramatically for an higher HTT of 3000°C. SEM micrograph of the fracture surface for the composites shows that lower disorder crystallite arrangement of fiber and carbon matrix come into being in the composites during HTT of 3000°C, which should be responsible for the low properties. Correlation between the content of Zr and the microstructure and properties are discussed. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]