Search

Photovoltaic (PV) panels are one of the most emerging components of renewable energy integration. However, where the PV systems bring power conversion efficiency with its bulk installation setup and eco-friendly feasibility, it also brings the factors that could hamper the performance and efficiency of the system. One of these dependent factors is the accumulation of dust particles and its aggregation which could significantly influence the effect of PV systems. The dust can accumulate in its various forms of soiling by fusing with other environmental variations like rain, storm, and humidity. To resolve these challenges which could impact the energy yield of PV systems, the impact of dust as well as effective cleaning mechanisms are required to be studied to restore the performance and power generation output. In this article, an integrated survey of (1) possible factors of dust accumulation, (2) dust impact analysis, (3) mathematical model of dust accumulated PV panels, and (4) proposed cleaning mechanisms discussed in the literature, and (5) a possible sustainable solution for PV systems to survive in this dust accumulated environment are presented. This study also represents handy information to readers, engineers, and practitioners on the development phase of various technologies involved in minimizing the impact of dust accumulation by its removal, adequate cleaning, and restoration. It also addresses the future possible challenges of these cleaning mechanisms. A comprehensive list of publications to date in the open literature is thereby compiled to canvas a complete visual of the different developments in this area. [Display omitted] • PV systems — An emerging component of renewable energy integration and eco-friendly alternative. • Accumulation and aggregation of dust particles on PV panels — A significant influence on the performance. • Dust accumulated PV panels — An integrated survey of factors, mathematical model, and proposed cleaning mechanisms. • Handy information to readers, engineers, and practitioners. • A possible sustainable solution to challenges of water availability and PV systems cleaning mechanisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The complexity of an interconnected power system has grown exponentially with the increased load demands. These demands and stress conditions are the potential nodes in coupled system to challenge the control and stability of a multi-operational power system. Once these potential nodes are exploited, this could lead to developing stringent conditions and generation of power system oscillations which are required by the grid codes to be damped and controlled adequately. A poorly damped set of power oscillations may lead to system-wide breakups or considerably reduce the power transfer over critical channels and corridors. In recent years, a compelling need has arisen to understand the oscillation damping in the conventional and modern power grids for better performance management, control, and stability in power transfer. In this paper, a bibliographic review on the damping of power system oscillations is provided. The study identifies various control design techniques, technologies, and characteristics used in power systems. Moreover, it discusses various devices and tools to minimize damping during the era of conventional grids and renewable energy integration. The methodology of different approaches and their likely combination are discussed for different types of control design. This study also represents useful information for readers on the complete life-cycle and development phase of technology to minimize the instability variations in generating units, transmission lines, transformers, loads, and HVDC lines. A comprehensive list of publications to date in the open literature is compiled to portray a complete visual of different developments in this area. • Unstable power oscillations result in blackouts and reduced interarea power transfers. • Compel the need to understand oscillation dynamics and damping control in renewable rich grids. • Overview of analysis and control techniques, infrastructure and systems characteristics hitherto. • Classification of past and emerging oscillation frameworks from the perspective of smart grids. • Highlighting technology life cycle and development/deployment phases to minimize instability risk. • Comprehensive list of publications for a visual scenery of hitherto developments in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The depletion of conventional fuel reserves and the high carbon emissions have alarmed the energy sector drivers. The integration of renewable energy resources (RERs) towards power system transformation is an obvious approach for a new-zero future. However, this integration also brings challenges in terms of voltage stability and power losses due to the variable output of RERs. To address these challenges, this work proposes a novel approach utilizing photovoltaic (PV) inverters and static var compensators (SVCs) for reactive power control in power distribution networks (PDNs). It enhances voltage stability and minimizes power losses. The proposed study deploys a proximal policy optimization (PPO) algorithm for real-time communication and control between reactive power devices. Performance evaluation was made on an IEEE-33 Bus system to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme in integrating RER-based distributed generators (DGs). The proposed system achieved 68 % voltage control, keeping the voltage within a certain range of ±5 % while minimizing power losses. The proposed system also reduced the voltage out-of-control ratio to 0.044, which indicates minimum voltage deviation from the standard value. The proposed study provides a promising solution for controlling the voltage of DGs integrated PDN, which can potentially enhance the efficiency and reliability of the power system. • This paper introduces PV inverters and SVC-based reactive power voltage regulation for renewable DG-integrated systems. • Reactive power control in the DG-integrated system is adopted using Reinforcement Learning-Driven PPO. • The validation of the proposed method uses the IEEE-33 bus system to integrate RERs-based DGs and achieve PPO-based control. • The proposed method achieved 68% voltage control, reduced power loss, and reduced the voltage out-of-control ratio to 0.044. • This research compares the suggested approach to different methodologies to demonstrate its validity and applicability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Food waste (FW) contains potential nutrients and compounds for circular bioeconomy. • Efficient management and valorization of FW is the most sustainable method. • Artificial Intelligence (AI) application could help in optimizing FW supply chain. • Machine learning (ML) can predict quite exactly the quantity and composition of FW. • Combination of AI and ML could monitor and manage well FW-based bioprocess. Food waste (FW) is a severe environmental and social concern that today's civilization is facing. Therefore, it is necessary to have an efficient and sustainable solution for managing FW bioprocessing. Emerging technologies like the Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and Machine Learning (ML) are critical to achieving this, in which IoT sensors' data is analyzed using AI and ML techniques, enabling real-time decision-making and process optimization. This work describes recent developments in valorizing FW using novel tactics such as the IoT, AI, and ML. It could be concluded that combining IoT, AI, and ML approaches could enhance bioprocess monitoring and management for generating value-added products and chemicals from FW, contributing to improving environmental sustainability and food security. Generally, a comprehensive strategy of applying intelligent techniques in conjunction with government backing can minimize FW and maximize the role of FW in the circular economy toward a more sustainable future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]