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BACKGROUND Propiconazole is widely used to control fungal diseases in field crops, including celery and onion. The potential risk to the environment and human health has aroused much public concern. Therefore, it is significant to investigate the degradation behaviour, residue distribution, and dietary risk assessment of propiconazole in celery and onion. RESULTS: A sensitive analytical method for determination of propiconazole residue in celery and onion was established and validated through high‐performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. The average recovery rate of propiconazole ranged from 85.7% to 101.8%, with a relative standard deviation of 2.1–6.3%. For the dissipation kinetics, the data showed that propiconazole in celery and onion was degraded, with half‐lives of 6.1–6.2 days and 8.7–8.8 days respectively. In the terminal residue experiments, the residues of propiconazole were below 4.66 mg kg−1 in celery after application two or three times and were below 0.029 mg kg−1 in onion after application of three or four times with an interval of 14 days under the designed dosages. The chronic and acute dietary exposure assessments for propiconazole were valued by risk quotient, with all values being lower than 100%. CONCLUSION: Propiconazole in celery and onion was rapidly degraded following first‐order kinetics models. The dietary risk of propiconazole through celery or onion was negligible to consumers. The study not only offers a valuable reference for reasonable usage of propiconazole on celery and onion, but also facilitates the establishment of maximum residue limits in China. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT: Aim: The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence and risk factors of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in first-degree relatives (FDRs) of CKD patients. Methods: A cross-section study of first-degree relatives of CKD patients was conducted between November 2007 and March 2009 in southern China. A total of 1187 first-degree relatives (494 male and 693 female; mean age 41.26 years) of 419 CKD patients (194 male and 225 female; mean age 32.10 years) were reviewed and tested for haematuria, albuminuria and reduced glomerular filtration rate. CKD risk factors, including age, gender, body mass index, hypertension and the causes of index case were also investigated. CKD was diagnosed according to the criteria of the National Kidney Foundation-Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative. Results: The prevalence of CKD in first-degree relatives of CKD patients was 29.7% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 27.1%-32.2%). After adjusting for all the potential confounders, older age, female gender, hypertension, hyperglycaemia, hyperuricaemia, hypertriglyceridemic, low level of high density lipoproteins, increased body mass index and nephrotoxic medications were independently associated with increased risk of CKD. Furthermore, relatives of index cases with chronic glomerulonephritis were at higher risk haematuria (ORs = 2.12, 95% CI: 1.45-3.10) compared with relatives of index cases with other kinds of renal diseases. Conclusion: The first-degree relatives of CKD patients are at high risk of CKD, especially those relatives of CKD patients with chronic glomerulonephritis. Screening in this high risk population might help to identify early CKD patients and make a proper intervention strategy to prevent the disease from quick progression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]