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France’s reaction to Russia’s invasion of Ukraine was initially conciliatory. However, the current French President’ statements, Macron, gradually changed, suggesting a potential shift in France's stance. The French president recently suggested troops could be sent to Ukraine to fight the Russians, a move that could significantly impact the course of the war. Our paper aims to address this possibility. How feasible would this be from a military perspective? Second, are there any other relevant political actors that will support it? Third, why has Paris changed its position to such a radical stance? We start from the theoretical design of realist constructivism. Postcolonial theories and the concept of locked-in path dependence supported this research. The methods follow the path of historical synthesis, discourse analysis of key political actors, and text analysis of defense white papers. Quantitative military variables are used to understand France’s and the EU’s military-industrial complex capabilities and assess its potential. The collapse of France’s neocolonial empire in Africa and Russia’s growing influence in the region partially explains Macron’s discourse change. This is correlated with the need to follow a more independent European security policy and the worsening military situation in Ukraine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper reports findings from a study that examining how cross-platform social media analysis can help to map the digital discourse on sustainable mobility and sustainable transport, and enhance the understanding of sociotechnical low-carbon transport transitions. Using the hashtag search queries #sustainabletransport and #sustainablemobility, 33,121 Tweets (2013–2021) and 8,089 Instagram images including captions (2017/2018–2021) were scraped using the Python modules Twint and Instaloader. Quantitative text and sentiment analyses were applied to the Tweets and image captions. Additionally, an automated machine learning-based image analysis of the Instagram images was conducted using object detection via OpenCV. Synthesized results formed the base for a cross-platform analysis inspired by Rogers' method comprising hot topics/key themes, user mentions, sentiment polarity, and co-hashtags. Notably, electromobility emerged as a prominent theme, particularly on Instagram, while #sustainabletransport was closely associated with active travel, notably bicycling, and #sustainablemobility showcased a dominance of electromobility discourse. The study demonstrates the investigative potentials of cross-platform social media analysis studies to enhance the understanding of sociotechnical low-carbon transport transitions. Drawing on key results, the paper suggests an adapted version of the Geelsean Multi-Level Perspective on Sociotechnical Transitions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the different reasons that lead to buy books, emphasizing readers' social relationships, the status achievement through reading, the process of purchasing books or the importance of the publisher for the customer. Furthermore, throughout all the study, the symbolic dimension that surrounds the purchase of books is highlighted, as cultural consumption that it is. The first part of the paper includes a literature review of the topic, and the second part is empirical and contains in-depth interviews that are analyzed through sociological discourse analysis. Outcomes obtained reveal that people buy books not only to enjoy or acquire knowledge, but also to socialize and get social distinction, too. Moreover, each reader's social position has an effect on the way s/he buys and relates with books. In addition, there is a large segment of readers who, on the one hand, like to own books and have their own personal library, and on the other hand, they enjoy the process of face-to-face book purchase. Therefore, book defends itself as an object and, so the development of e-books does not necessarily conflict with paper books. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Underwriters play a pivotal role in the IPO process. Information entropy, a tool for measuring the uncertainty and complexity of information, has been widely applied to various issues in complex networks. Information entropy can quantify the uncertainty and complexity of nodes in the network, providing a unique analytical perspective and methodological support for this study. This paper employs a bipartite network analysis method to construct the relationship network between underwriters and accounting firms, using the centrality of underwriters in the network as a measure of their influence to explore the impact of underwriters' influence on the distribution of interests and audit outcomes. The findings indicate that a more pronounced influence of underwriters significantly increases the ratio of underwriting fees to audit fees. Higher influence often accompanies an increase in abnormal underwriting fees. Further research reveals that companies underwritten by more influential underwriters experience a decline in audit quality. Finally, the study reveals that a well-structured audit committee governance and the rationalization of market sentiments can mitigate the negative impacts of underwriters' influence. The innovation of this paper is that it enriches the content related to underwriters by constructing the relationship network between underwriters and accounting firms for the first time using a bipartite network through the lens of information entropy. This conclusion provides new directions for thinking about the motives and possibilities behind financial institutions' cooperation, offering insights for market regulation and policy formulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: A proper understanding of study design is essential to creating successful studies. This is also important when reading or peer reviewing publications. In this article, we aimed to identify and summarize key papers that would be helpful for faculty members interested in learning more about study design in medical education research. Methods: The online discussions of the 2016-2017 Academic Life in Emergency Medicine Faculty Incubator program included a robust and vigorous discussion about education study design, which highlighted a number of papers on that topic. We augmented this list of papers with further suggestions by expert mentors. Via this process, we created a list of 29 papers in total on the topic of medical education study design. After gathering these papers, our authorship group engaged in a modified Delphi approach to build consensus on the papers that were most valuable for the understanding of proper study design in medical education. Results: We selected the top five most highly rated papers on the topic domain of study design as determined by our study group. We subsequently summarized these papers with respect to their relevance to junior faculty members and to faculty developers. Conclusion: This article summarizes five key papers addressing study design in medical education with discussions and applications for junior faculty members and faculty developers. These papers provide a basis upon which junior faculty members might build for developing and analyzing studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the emergence of the paper as a kind of writing in the area of the Humanities that, in recent times, and with institutional support, has been imposed as the nearly unique and acceptable kind of academic discourse. The aim of this paper is, first, to study the main characteristics of this kind of writing, based on information in the manuals and instructions for paper writing and, secondly, to signal its implications for the intellectual work in general and for the work in Latin America in particular. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ethnomethodology has been influential in many social science fields, including and especially applied linguistics, where conversation analysis is a major subfield for analyzing oral data. Nevertheless, ethnomethodology can also be—and has been—fruitfully applied to written discursive data, using its tools and methods to describe in detail how written texts are assembled and reflexively used, as members' methods, for doing and displaying social actions. This paper proposes an open analytical model to capture existing ethnomethodological analyses of written discourse and create a more transparent and replicable protocol for new analyses. I reconstruct ethnomethodology as set of assumptions and principles, review seminal research that used these principles to analyze written discourse, and present the master concept of "active text" that encapsulates them. I then construct a hierarchical prospective-retrospective model to formalize the methods used in ethnomethodology of written discourse. I use the model to reconstruct the analytical methods of two papers to show how it can be used for transparency and replication. The discussion section covers modelling in qualitative applied linguistics and ethnomethodology, and ends with some conclusions. • Ethnomethodology has a long relationship with discourse analysis, but focused on oral registers. • Ethnomethodology can be conceptualized a set of ontological and epistemological assumptions and principles. • A formalized and open analytical model can be used to apply ethnomethodology to written discursive data. • A model can help make ethnomethodological analysis of discursive data easier to apply and more replicable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The practical implementation of a circular economy in the European Union poses significant challenges, notably for the EU-11 (Central and Eastern Europe) countries. The aim of this paper is to analyze the transition of the EU-11 countries toward a CE by examining existing circular strategies, national-level policies, as well as bottom-up initiatives, and on the other hand to explore the prevalent circularity discourses within the EU-11 countries. The study employs a discourse analysis method to comprehensively examine documents related to the CE aspects. This methodology integrates both quantitative categorization (codes and categories) and qualitative interpretation (reading and explanation) to support the understanding of circularity discourses. The results of this paper indicate that the countries within the EU-11 are actively advancing their efforts towards a CE. These countries are seen to be proactively developing a circular vision and setting ambitious objectives to facilitate a transition to a circular economic model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper I accomplish two goals: first, I briefly reconstruct Hans-Georg Gadamer’s views on language, included foremost in Truth and Method. I discuss if and how can we analyse language in the hermeneutic way; what is Gadamer’s view on philosophy of language and linguistics; what is the hermeneutic priority of the question and why choosing the logic of question may lead to a conflict between philosophical hermeneutics and analytic philosophy. Then, on such base I show correlations, which can be traced between hermeneutic philosophy and other contemporary language research disciplines – generally understood linguistics, analytic philosophy of language and interdisciplinary discourse research. Taking a closer look at each of the mentioned disciplines I focus on trying to answer the question regarding their ideological and methodological connections with the hermeneutic way of thinking. The article ends with a conclusion, that interdisciplinary discourse analysis produces the highest hopes to analyse language in a non-objective matter, which is the way that Gadamer favoured. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this article is to present grassroots concepts and ideas about "the algorithm" in the religious context. The power and causality of algorithms are based on lines of computer code, making a society influenced by "black boxes" or "enigmatic technologies" (as they are incomprehensible to most people). On the other hand, the power of algorithms lies in the meanings that we attribute to them. The extent of the power, agency, and control that algorithms have over us depends on how much power, agency, and control we are willing to give to algorithms and artificial intelligence, which involves building the idea of their omnipotence. The key question is about the meanings and the ideas about algorithms that are circulating in society. This paper is focused on the analysis of "vernacular/folk" theories on algorithms, reconstructed based on posts made by the users of Polish Catholic forums. The qualitative analysis of online discourse makes it possible to point out several themes, i.e., according to the linguistic concept, "algorithm" is the source domain used in explanations of religious issues (God as the creator of the algorithm, the soul as the algorithm); algorithms and the effects of their work are combined with the individualization and personalization of religion; algorithms are perceived as ideological machines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In jury trials, attorneys must build arguments about the facts and how these facts should be interpreted, and this happens through Q&A sequences with their own and the opposing party's witnesses. The structure of the courtroom interrogation usually disadvantages witnesses, especially in cross-examination because attorneys have the upper hand in the exchanges. This paper analyzes the Q&A sequences in a trial involving lawyers as witnesses and concerning abstract issues to investigate the different strategies attorneys and witnesses use to engage argumentatively. Specifically, the data are from a civil rights trial in which a female attorney sues a law school for not hiring her as an instructor. The suit alleged that the law school politically discriminated against her following her job talk because of her conservative political views. The paper shows how attorneys with their own witnesses can engage in co-reasoning, and how attorneys and the opposing side's witnesses can resist each other's argumentative projects. More specifically, we show that a question's answerability is a key resource which can be exploited by both attorneys and witnesses. • In trials attorneys pursue their own and resist competing argumentative projects • Yes-no questions vary in answerability , i.e., their content abstractness • In direct examination, attorneys co-reason with witnesses • Political discrimination trials involves showing or refuting negative feelings [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides a diachronic and bibliometric overview of register studies in the past decade. A total of 545 articles were selected from the field of linguistics of the database of Web of Science Core Collection for the analysis. For bibliometric analysis, CiteSpace and VOSViewer were used in order to reveal the co-citation analysis, the high-frequency keywords, keyword clusters, and the timeline of the keyword network in register studies. The results are summarized as follows. First, register studies have been gaining considerable academic attention in the examined years. Second, the major theoretical origins of register studies were text linguistics, systemic functional linguistics, and sociolinguistics. Third, corpus analysis and discourse analysis are the main research methods, followed by genre analysis, and conversation analysis. Fourth, important research themes were extracted and classified based on the following dimensions of register studies, namely, linguistic features, register types, register variations and pragmatic function. Furthermore, Teaching and education was an important dimension in register studies. Fifth, the recent research tended to focus on the register variations caused by the audiences, and corpus analysis and discourse analysis were widely used for broad analyses in different register studies. This bibliometric analysis also shows that online registers have become the research hotspot. Plain Language Summary: A Bibliometric Analysis of Register Studies (2012-2021) Research purpose: This paper provides a diachronic and bibliometric overview of register studies in the past decade. Methods: bibliometric analysis. Conclusion: First, register studies have been gaining considerable academic attention in the examined years. Second, the major theoretical origins of register studies were text linguistics, systemic functional linguistics, and sociolinguistics. Third, corpus analysis and discourse analysis are the main research methods, followed by genre analysis, and conversation analysis. Fourth, important research themes were extracted and classified based on the following dimensions of register studies, namely, linguistic features, register types, register variations and pragmatic function. Furthermore, Teaching and education was an important dimension in register studies. Fifth, the recent research tended to focus on the register variations caused by the audiences, and corpus analysis and discourse analysis were widely used for broad analyses in different register studies. Implication: The research may be a useful resource for novice researchers and established scholars in the field, and perhaps also critical in assisting journal editors to continue to promote theoretical or methodological advances in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper delves into the concept of superstition in the territory of Slovenia in the 19th century, exploring its formation, evolution, and challenges in historical research on vernacular religiosity. The discussion considers nation-building, editorial process, and the predominant Christian discourse in folklore analysis. The paper explores the coexistence and influence of Christianity and superstition, using examples from the newspaper Kmetijske in rokodelske novice to illustrate various types of superstition. It also discusses how intellectuals promoted education and modernisation through critiquing superstitions. The term "superstition" is pejorative in nature and may does not accurately describe the people actually experienced them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Annual budgets are key to constituting and governing imagined futures. This paper examines how the signifier 'future' is constructed within the Irish budget speeches delivered by finance ministers to parliament between 1970 and 2015. To investigate the discourses of these budget speeches, we employ post-structural discourse theory operationalised through two methods: close reading and corpus-linguistic analysis. Close reading is used to identify the discourses employed and how meanings of signifiers were partially fixed at different moments. This was further examined using corpus-linguistics, specifically a collocate analysis of the word 'future', allowing further close examination of such collocates in context. Thus, the paper offers a unique insight into the discursive structuring of 'future' in Irish budget speeches over 45 years, highlights the changing structure of the budgetary discourse, periodising these changes, and shows how economic imaginaries of the 'future' are produced and reproduced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on the use of compound words ending with tädi 'aunt' and onu 'uncle' in the 2021 Estonian Web Corpus. The aim is to determine the frequencies and semantic categories of such compounds as well as to analyze how occupational titles that incorporate these gender-specific words are used. Therefore, this paper primarily seeks to understand why terms related to kinship, like tädi and onu, are integrated into compound words denoting occupations. The data is subjected to corpus-assisted discourse analysis, revealing that compound words ending with tädi and onu express various semantic categories, and these occupational titles serve several purposes in Estonian public discourse. Additionally, the study shows that such compounds carry gender stereotypes and that titles ending with tädi are more often associated with lower prestige. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

"Initial schooling" (begynneropplæring) is a concept frequently used in political and professional contexts in Norway. Previous research has described it as an unclear concept with a lack of a common understanding of its contents. This paper explores the meaning of initial schooling in educational policy documents. The analysis of 7 White papers identified four discourses of initial schooling: transition discourse, resource discourse, assessment discourse, and competence discourse. The discourses represent different dimensions of initial schooling and show that it is a multifaceted concept in which new content has been added over time. The discourses indicate possible implications for the school's practice, hence what may be desirable to emphasize in initial schooling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper explores the topic of the Jewish religious spatial practice of a mechitza -the physical separation of women and men in synagogues. At first glance, the mechitza appears to be an indisputable given as a normal part of Orthodox Judaism. At second glance, however, it poses a problem: through the mechitza, women tend to be marginalised not only within the space itself but also on a symbolic level as subjects of religious practice. Using a feminist post-structuralist discourse analysis, the paper investigates how the practice of mechitza is negotiated and what meanings and symbolism it takes on for its religiously gendered subjects. The analysis is conducted on selected articles regarding mechitza as a theme, published by the Jewish Orthodox Feminist Alliance's Jofa Journal. The identified discourses are as follows: mechitza as a limitation and barrier, mechitza as a possibility and opportunity, and mechitza as a symbol and metaphor. The identified discourses are then transferred in the conclusion of the paper to the discussion about the implicit heteronormativity and binarity of being male and female and the possibility of a subversive appropriation of a mechitza practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is a cross-cultural investigation into attribute and reliability hedges in research papers on applied linguistics published in journals in English, Czech and Slovak. Overall, 30 research articles have been examined using discourse and corpus analysis. Although Čmejrková et al. (1999) assert that modality and a low degree of decisiveness are more typical for Czech scientific publications than for English, the findings demonstrate that hedges are employed considerably more frequently and are more varied in the selected articles written in English than in Czech and Slovak. This could be connected with the writer’s choice of vocabulary or with limited literature focusing on academic vocabulary in the Slavic languages. The wider variety of hedging expressions in the articles written in English could be the consequence of the historical impact of Latin and French on the language, which provided synonyms to the already existing Anglo-Saxon expressions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Researchers have found that many post-secondary music students suffer from physical and mental health issues. However, researchers have mainly studied these problems at the individual level, with little investigation of how music students' work is shaped by the coordinating effects of policies, texts, and discourses at and beyond their local site. This paper describes a protocol for an international project that will explore the health of music students in the context of their daily work. Using an institutional ethnography approach, we will examine the social organization of music students' work at three universities: two in Canada and one in Australia. This will be the first set of studies that use institutional ethnography specifically for the purpose of understanding how the social organization of music students' work shapes their health. Data will be collected using several methods common to institutional ethnography: interviews, focus groups, observations, and collecting texts. Data analysis will begin during the data collection process and proceed in two fluid stages. The first stage will involve a detailed investigation of the pertinent work activities at each music school. The second will involve linking that work to specific social relations within and beyond the institution. After data analysis has been completed at all three sites, findings will be compared to one another to identify commonalities and differences in how students' work is organized. Findings of the entire project may inform policy-making and lead to positive change at the institutions studied, as well as others where similar social organization may occur. The novel approach described here will provide opportunities to expand current knowledge about music students' work and health beyond what has been learned through approaches that focus on students' individual behaviours and attributes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper uses and expands the concept of a 'political moral economy' to better understand elite attempts to justify and promote capitalist development strategies linked to the proliferation of 'smart technologies' such as big data, mobile communications, and the construction of hi-tech cities. Drawing on an Ideology and Discourse analysis perspective on hegemony introduced by Ernesto Laclau and Chantel Mouffe, it aims to show how market-based 'smart development' across the African continent has discursively incorporated resistance moralities associated with popular critiques of elite corruption, foreign exploitation, and local economic marginalisation for its overall political success. To do so, it will focus on the case of 'Leapfrogging development' discourses and the planned construction of the Technopolis Konza in Kenya. The key advance of this article is showing how dominant ideologies – and the domestic and foreign regimes of elite power they support – can be strengthened through processes of 'moral legitimisation' and 'moral disciplining'. Specifically, this moral dimension of hegemony involves the ongoing incorporation and strategic redeployment of existing and emergent normative discourses for the purpose of providing political legitimacy to these governing ideologies and further attempting to normatively regulate populations in accordance with their core values and interests – even in the face of their practical and ongoing failures as policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a comparative analysis of classification approaches in the Japanese discourse relation analysis (DRA) task. In the Japanese DRA task, it is difficult to resolve implicit relations where explicit discourse phrases do not appear. To understand implicit relations further, we compared the four approaches by incorporating a special token to encode the relations of the given discourses. Our four approaches included inserting a special token at the beginning of a sentence, end of a sentence, conjunctive position, and random position to classify the relation between the two discourses into one of the following categories: CAUSE/REASON, CONCESSION, CONDITION, PURPOSE, GROUND, CONTRAST, and NONE. Our experimental results revealed that special tokens are available to encode the relations of given discourses more effectively than pooling-based approaches. In particular, the random insertion of a special token outperforms other approaches, including pooling-based approaches, in the most numerous CAUSE/REASON category in implicit relations and categories with few instances. Moreover, we classified the errors in the relation analysis into three categories: confounded phrases, ambiguous relations, and requiring world knowledge for further improvements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taking the cue from the recent developments in ecotheology and its concern with a sustainable world where humans, animals and plants may live in harmony with each other, this paper sets out to investigate the representation of nature in the Bible's origin story. The creation in Genesis is analyzed according to Arran Stibbe's ecolinguistic framework and "the stories we live by". The tools used (narratives, evaluations, frames, metaphors, erasure and ideologies) have illuminated an outstandingly popular story and highlighted its potential for meaning in the tension between contrasting worldviews: dominion vs. stewardship; innocence vs. knowledge; theocentrism vs. anthropocentrism. The analysis of narrative and linguistic elements suggests that the world beyond—represented by God, the heavens, the sky—coincides with the order within the whole of creation. The origin story proves deeply ambivalent as it features humans in two antithetical roles depending on the story's timeline: first as guardians of the created world and then as outcasts full of shame. Going against God's command is framed as an act of self-betrayal that breaks the unbreakable bond between humans and God, and subverts the perfect harmony of human society within the natural world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing on the framework of Ideological Square Model, this paper carries out a corpus-based analysis of the ways in which group relations and the image of China are re-shaped in the English translation (ET) and the Chinese translation (CT) of Korean news discourse about China with intensifiers as an entry of inquiry. The results show that (1) There is a statistically significant difference regarding faithfulness between the ET and the CT of intensifiers (χ2 = 38.11>3.84, p<0.05), with the ET having more translation shifts. Additionally, the Chi-square test of a 3x3 contingency table (T = 49.77>5.99, P<0.05) indicates that there is a difference between the distribution of translation shifts at the 3 levels between ET and CT. (2) The ET of Korean news about China aligns more closely with van Dijk's ideological square model, while CT violates. It is argued that South Korean media have ideological factors to consider when it comes to Chinese readers accepting CT. (3) There is an alteration of the ideological square model in the target texts. The results indicate that in the translation of a target language, the translation propensity for relevant topics of the target country in which the language is spoken obeys the rules of "Us", the ingroup, but not "them", the outgroup. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the positionings and discursive struggles between the key political actors around the expropriation project of Vicentin conglomerate, during the government of Alberto Fernández. As a result of the research work, we found an intense hegemonic struggle around the project. On the one hand, we found a package of discourses that expressed itself in favor of the measure and was condensed in the defense of food sovereignty, the rescue of a strategic company to control prices in the domestic market, regulate the foreign exchange and avoid abrupt devaluations, preserve jobs and guarantee payment to their creditors. In addition, it affirmed that it was an exceptional measure, stressed that Vicentin was bankrupt and accused of fraudulent maneuvers. On the other, we found a discursive package contrary to the project, which invoked as arguments the unconstitutionality of the measure and its negative effects on legal certainty and confidence necessary to attract investment. In addition, it maintained that all Argentines were going to take over the debt of a private company, classified the defense of food sovereignty as an 'excuse' or considered that Argentina was on the way to a 'chavista' model. Finally, we address the hegemonic impact at the institutional and social level, which generated social protests and a judicialization of politics and ended in the blocking of the project. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic in the spring of 2020 had a significant impact on the operation of all aspects of society, including public administration institutions. This article aims to examine the most challenging issues encountered by selected municipal and city authorities, how they responded to these issues, and how the experience gained has been reflected in crisis plans for managing similar future events. This aim is accomplished through a literature review of public sources and scientific papers on the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on public administration, as well as the results of interviews with representatives of the selected authorities. The results confirmed that the selected authorities were able to rapidly overcome the initial lack of relevant information and unpreparedness to implement anti-coronavirus measures and maintain the standard level of public services provided, albeit in a limited capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is based on a doctoral research work. Its purpose is to act as a critical operator that seeks to show, through discourse analysis, the main lines of crossing, dispersion, and mutation created around the concept of adolescence in the psychoanalytic device in order to point out some epistemic, political, and clinical implications underlying the configuration of certain forms of subjectivity propitiated by such concept. As a result of this analysis, an alternate line of thought is outlined in which subject and event become the conceptual axes that allow us to reposition the adolescent issue in terms of that other order that puberty seems to designate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a protocol for the analysis of mitigation is presented. Using the latest theoretic and methodological research on mitigation as well as the distinction of neighboring phenomena such as intensification and affiliation, we offer guidelines for the study of mitigation. This tool enables analysts to discern whether an item performs a mitigating function, as well as to carry out a complete analysis of how mitigation is deployed in each given context. After presenting the protocol, its application in different discursive genres and geographical varieties of Spanish is shown, thus proving that this scheme is a useful resource for the study of mitigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

President Joko Widodo is a phenomenon president because he is the one and only president who comes from a lowerlevel class as compared to the other presidents who comes from Indonesia's elite, especially the Javanese elite. Of the importance of the Indonesian people, every Indonesian President is concerned with the people's interests to gain the people's sympathy. Hence, this study unentangles how Jokowi disseminated his ideology to influence the Indonesian people through his political speech text. Accordingly, this study aims to investigate Jokowi's ideological stance inside his political speech text. This study also identifies why Jokowi prioritizes Indonesia's people as the main concern in his program. This study integrated interpretivism as the underlying paradigm. Meanwhile, case study research design was applied as this study centered on Jokowi's speeches as Indonesian President. Data were collected from the first official speech text of President Jokowi delivered on August 16, 2015. This paper combined Critical Discourse Analysis and Systemic Functional Linguistics, particularly the Appraisal System's judgmental analysis. The paper formed Judgement as a sub-type of the attitudinal classification rather than the other two, Affect and Appreciation. The Judgmental categories dominated by the sub-type of Capacity have exceeded other judgmental subtypes. Jokowi mostly evaluated Indonesia's people using the positive Capacity to show that the People of Indonesia the capable people to overcome their problems. The reason behind Indonesia's people's political inclination is that Jokowi is supported by the people-based political party, Struggle-Indonesian Democratic Party (PDIP). The analysis of this study illustrates the importance of a leader's ideological stance in facing and communicating with the people. This is because the stance allows Jokowi to inspire and empower the Indonesian people with his speeches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Titles are a crucial feature of research papers and have become increasingly important with changes in publishing practices and the explosion of published research. As a result, novice writers seeking to get their work noticed in international journals might benefit from a clear understanding of the features of research titles and an awareness of the relationship between language and disciplinary context. In this study, we explore this relationship and the impact of changing contexts on titles across the last 60 years on the length, form and content of 36,000 titles from the 10 leading journals from six disciplines spread along a soft‐hard science continuum. Our results show a considerable increase in the length of titles coupled with more interrogative and compound titles in almost all disciplines. There has also been a growing mention of methods in the titles of hard knowledge papers with more frequent inclusion of results in the softer domains. These diachronic changes can be attributed to different characteristics of the fields and of the changing dynamics of the publishing context. Our findings have important implications for early career academics seeking to publish in English and contribute to studies of diachronic analysis of academic discourse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Headlines in English-language mass media are a research challenge due to their unique discursive characteristics as small-format texts. Understanding their role as an independent unit of communication between authors and readers is essential for comprehending the nuances of headline construction and interpretation. This paper comprehensively describes major functional-pragmatic properties of headlines within modern media discourse, focusing on the theory of smallformat texts. The study intends to answer two research questions: 1. What are the distinctive characteristics of small-format title texts in media discourse? 2. How do small-format texts interact with the primary texts of the publication, affecting their semantics? The paper employs functional-linguistic, stylistic, statistical methods, and discourse analysis to examine a corpus of over 350 headlines randomly selected from British and American press. Informative smallformat texts primarily convey the essence of the article, while persuasive small-format texts employ nonlinear discursive means to express pragmatic meanings of indirect persuasion, often utilising puns, irony, humour, and intertextuality. The paper reveals the complex system of pragma-semantic space established by journalists within the overlapping functional fields of both the headline and the primary text of the publication at three interconnected levels: the linear sum of the meaning of lexical units, the nonlinear formation of the semantic space, and the nonlinear hypertextual unity of pragma-semantic spaces between the headline and the article. The paper contributes to a deeper understanding of small-format texts in mass-media discourse, shedding light on their significance in communication and providing insights for media professionals and linguists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a discursive analysis of Great Britain's Conservative Party 2011 Green Paper "One World Conservatism: A Conservative agenda for international development." It offers a comparison of the conception of development in that paper with the 1997 Labour Party White Paper which launched the development of the Department for International Development (DFID). The discourse used to describe Britain's role in promoting global development and reducing poverty is examined.

This paper analyses the advertising discourses about social commitment in Spanish. Businesses express trough them their values and describe their activity for helping in any social cause, such as environment, sustainable economy, decent jobs, or human rights. These are texts found on company websites and are usually longer than many other types of messages realised by any business. The argumentation is not aimed directly at sales, but at improving the public image of the company itself. This image-work in turn serves as an argument for users to trust the company. Due to this special argumentative activity, this research pursues to identify the main mechanisms of textual construction aimed at this persuasive purpose. To this end, a macrosyntax model is applied. This presupposes the existence of a discourse grammar and defines textual units, categories, and functions from a pragmatic approach. This model allows to explain the main discursive phenomena which create this type of advertising texts, such as a moderate density of information, a low hierarchisation of information, the use of topics, a tendency to express coordination or the abundant use of gerunds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years we have witnessed a resurgence of populism, which has relied on the virality of social networks to deepen its roots in society and spread its ideas. This paper analyses the populist strategies used by all parties to viralise their messages in the online environment, regardless of ideology. The present research has also examined the possible existence of complementary strategies used by the parties' organisational profiles and those of their leaders. To this end, a content analysis has been carried out regarding the publications made on Twitter during the 2019 election campaign. The posts have been delimited to those made by the parties and candidates that attained the highest percentage of representation in the Congress of Deputies, which include the PSOE, PP, Vox, and Unidas Podemos. The findings show that all the parties under study resorted to this type of strategy. The parties closest to centre of the political spectrum, both right and left, used mostly a populist strategy aimed predominantly at attacking their adversaries, while Vox and Unidas Podemos articulated their discourse beyond this argument, with Vox appealing to the emotions of the nation and Podemos positioning itself as the peoples' advocate. Furthermore, a complementary strategy used by both the parties and their leaders has been identified, which fosters the expansion of these kinds of populist ideas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Blockchain technology has emerged as a tool with the potential to enhance transparency, trust, security, and decentralization in supply chain management (SCM). This study presents a comprehensive review of the interplay between blockchain technology and SCM. By analyzing an extensive dataset of 943 articles, our exploration utilizes the Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) method to delve deep into the thematic structure of the discourse. This investigation revealed ten central topics ranging from blockchain's transformative role in supply chain finance and e-commerce operations to its application in specialized areas, such as the halal food supply chain and humanitarian contexts. Particularly pronounced were discussions on the challenges and transformations of blockchain integration in supply chains and its impact on pricing strategies and decision-making. Visualization tools, including PyLDAvis, further illuminated the interconnectedness of these themes, highlighting the intertwined nature of blockchain adoption challenges with aspects such as traceability and pricing. Despite the breadth of topics covered, the paper acknowledges its limitations due to the fast-evolving nature of blockchain developments during and after our analysis period. Ultimately, this review provides a holistic academic snapshot, emphasizing both well-developed and nascent research areas and guiding future research in the evolving domain of blockchain in SCM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Discourse analysis is one of the new methods that discover the meaning of a text and its underlying layers. Verse twenty-five of the al-Anfal Chapter is one of the verses under discussion between Muslim scholars in which different exegetic views regarding the term fitnah (corruption) and its concept in the verse have been addressed. Focusing on the discourse in the verse is a way to methodically understand the intended meaning in the verse. The present paper seeks to answer the issue of what is the main essence of the discourse in verse twenty-five of the al-Anfal Chapter. Thus, efforts have been made to achieve new findings from the discourse in the verse under discussion considering the social, cultural, and valuative structures in whose context the verse has emerged. In the present study, which has been done using a discourse analysis method, considering the conceptology of the term fitnah, the verbal structure of the verse, and with regards to the relationships of association and succession, it was concluded that the central denotable of the discourse under discussion is the concept of wilayah (mastership). Considering the context of the verses and internal and external evidence, it is clear that the mission of the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him and his household) and the religion of Islam is a wilayahfocused movement and the way to confront corruptions is to hold onto the Book of God and the conduct of the Prophet and similarly, wilayah. The discourse in verse twenty-five of the al-Anfal Chapter is a cautionary and conscious discourse that formulates social relationships between different groups. Thus, in the conceptual system of the Quran, fitnah holds a special position, and the value and anti-value structures form around the central denotable of this discourse which is wilayah. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to analyze the implementation of the direct sale of ethanol in Brazil, started by Provisional Measure (MP) nº 1063 (2021) and published as Law nº 14292 (2022), making direct sales of ethanol between mills and fuel stations possible. Using a discourse analysis, this paper focused on the national commercialization of ethanol, before the implementation of the MP, highlighting the direct sale as a possible attenuating factor of the final price, as well as the positions of the public entities regarding the sector. We conclude that this measure should lead to improvements in the collection of state taxes. However, problems related to the distance between service stations and mills are limiting factors for this commercialization, at this first moment, due to the process of storing large quantities of ethanol. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article problematizes the discourse on Central Europe by tracing a trajectory from the twentieth-century geopolitics and region-building projects based on identity politics to the contemporary geopoetics and literary self-identifications shaped in relation to place and time. The different historical circumstances that opened and closed “the short twentieth century” produced different experiences and understandings of Central Europe. German Mitteleuropa and the renaissance of the idea of Central Europe at the end of the Cold War are the two moments in the geopolitical legacy of the concept. This paper, however, focuses on the second geopoetic, literary pole of the conceptual trajectory of the discourse on Central Europe, which is nourished by negative categories and consists of particular articulations of being a Central European in a time of historical discontinuities and crises. The paper addresses several contemporary writers’ self-identifications based on “autobiographical sites”, which provide insight into some shared articulations of certain elements of the Central European myth (problematic identity, spatial in-between-ness and sense of transience, mobility of borders, idealized Habsburg monarchy). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Decades of 'feminist' sexual- and gender-based violence (SGBV) policies have produced limited change in southern African SGBV rates. Recent critiques highlight ongoing colonial legacies in such policymaking, arguing that these legacies limit the potential for liberatory change. Further, reflecting on such discourses can highlight reasons behind global public health intervention failure. To promote reflexivity among public health actors who create, reproduce, and implement SGBV policies, this paper presents a critical discourse analysis of how women's empowerment is constructed in foundational global and national health and development policies bearing on SGBV in Zambia. The analysis identifies neoliberal feminist discourses of empowerment: (i) the protection of women, which perpetuates a saviour complex; (ii) the promotion of equality to men, which excludes those deemed unworthy; (iii) the eradication of harmful cultural norms, which challenge the preservation of African values; and (iv) (neoliberal) empowerment through women's attained employment and capital, which empowers women within unequal economic relations rather than liberating women from those relations. The author critiques such neoliberal empowerment discourses for failing to structurally transform the conditions for women's liberation. This paper offers a first step to the dismantling of colonial structures in SGBV policies by unpacking and promoting reflexivity about such discourses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the paper is to explore the discourse strategies of the Party of Labor of Albania to eliminate its enemies in the early years of establishing communism in the country. The contention is that PLA and its leaders made possible the elimination of thousands of people by normalizing the process. The enemies of the party were declared enemies of the people and as such, they had to disappear in one way or another, so that the integrity of the body politics could be preserved. The class enemy was considered a parasite that should be eliminated in the name of social prophylaxis. By using discourse analyses the paper will investigate the discursive strategies followed by the communist party and its leader when addressing the class enemy. Speeches of Enver Hoxha in Party Congresses, Plenums, and gatherings with people will be analyzed. Only by normalizing the process of elimination of everyone who was depicted as an enemy, did the communist party make possible the elimination of thousands of people. Normalization is understood as the standardization of the procedure so that everyone knew in advance what would happen if someone had to be declared an enemy of the people. The paper will analyze the vocabulary used to portray the class enemy and his/her destiny in specific cases. The study has analyzed the speeches given to justify the elimination of Patër Anton Harapi, Lef Nosi, Maliq Bej Bushat, dom Lazër Shantoja, dom Ndre Zadeja, and the sabotage group of the Maliqi swamp. The analysis covers the period immediately after the end of the IIWW when communists seized the power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Animal welfare is a public good that is extremely important to stakeholders, who can hold conflicting values and viewpoints, on what animal welfare is, and how a good life is achieved. Various stakeholder groups tend to signal different problems, or problematize specific aspects of farm animal welfare, and propose different actions or interventions within food supply chains. In the paper we explore the contribution of narrative and argumentative discourse to the social construction and framing of animal welfare and its implications. Our findings demonstrate the contestation within the stakeholder discourse around animal welfare and farm animals. We demonstrate how performance-related perspectives are rooted in value-laden language within narratives that shape the discourse regarding notions of good and bad welfare; or positive or negative welfare. We suggest that future research should examine in more depth the socially constructed language, dialogues and discourses expressed among and between stakeholders in order to embody the breadth, depth, and understanding of the multiple meanings of farm animal welfare, and the emergent positioning of positive welfare for farm animals as well as how to achieve a good life in practice. The novel contribution of this review is the application of an explanatory word-language-discourse-person-situation-environment framework in this specific context to inform future research on animal welfare discourse analysis. Stakeholders can hold conflicting values and viewpoints, on what animal welfare is and how a good life is achieved and can signal different problems, or problematize specific aspects of farm animal welfare, and propose different actions or interventions within food supply chains. The aim of the study is to explore the contribution of narrative and argumentative discourse to the social construction and framing of animal welfare and its implications. The methodological approach in this research is composed of two phases with phase 1 being the foundational structured literature search in both academic and grey literature. Phase 2 was the analysis of the secondary data from the literature review to develop a synthesized iterative paper and in doing so develop a typology of five narratives: the 'farming as a business' narrative, the 'religion-based' narrative, the 'research, legislative and political based narrative', the 'higher welfare' narrative, and the "animal rights/power-based" narrative. Our findings demonstrate the contestation within the stakeholder discourse of the articulation of why farm animals should have a good life. Performance-related perspectives are rooted in the value-laden language and narratives that shape the arguments regarding notions of good and bad welfare; the emergent positioning of positive welfare for farm animals as well as how to achieve a good life in practice. The novel contribution of this review is the application of an explanatory word-language-discourse-person-situation-environment framework in this specific context to inform future research on animal welfare discourse analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides a discourse analysis of two poems selected from the book Sovereign Erotics: A Collection of Two-Spirit Literature (Driskill et al., 2011b) to explore the concept of grief in Two-Spirit/Queer Indigenous poetry. It analyzes the diction, voice, formality, themes, metaphors, similes, personification, and the use of repetition the authors utilize to represent grief and discover the social, cultural, and political realities and discursive practices behind the poems. It concludes that through their expression of grief, the poets highlight the emergence and endurance of a community and people who will continue to fight for survival and the right to live in peace and harmony outside of colonial gender and sexual binaries. Both poems engage with a continuing sense of Two-Spirit identity that call forth new generations of Queer Indigenous/Two-Spirit people while remembering their history and the Elders who came before to heal personal and historical trauma often through connection with nature, their ancestors, and spirituality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent years have brought dramatic changes in the social and economic world. This shows that futures are both unpredictable and uncertain, as well as important points of reference. This is also true for business schools. Therefore, this paper aims to understand how business schools construct the term future and what they claim to do about it in terms of their agency. Our findings are based on discourse analysis of the external communication of 100 business schools globally. Through the examination we identified 6 agency frames, namely (a) preparing, (b) shaping, (c) responsibility, (d) exploring, (e) personal futures, (f) adapting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of how political leader personalities affect the foreign policy of their states is a long-standing query in foreign policy analysis, within which the use of leaders' speech, or verbal statements, to explain how leaders behave is a methodologically productive subfield. One of the more prominent and reliable methodologies used to assess leader personality through leader speech is Leader Trait Analysis (LTA), developed by Margaret Hermann. However, because LTA was developed using English language vocabulary and grammar, its accuracy using Russian language speeches to discern leader personality traits has relied on translation. Translation is both inefficient and may not accurately transfer the semantics of speech upon which LTA's results depend. Responding to this issue, this paper applies Mona Baker's translation studies criteria to qualitatively compare the semantic equivalence, or maintenance of a text's original meaning, between English translations used to create an LTA profile for Vladimir Putin and Putin's original Russian speeches. The research identifies the preponderance of grammatical differences between English and Russian in limiting how well English translations of Russian speech maintain semantic equivalence relevant to assessing leader personality. It is concluded that an accurate understanding of Russian leaders' personalities requires Russian language specific LTA profiling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By conducting discourse analysis on Chinese textual materials around 1962, this paper tries to inductively explore the national identities of Chinese people during the 1962 Sino-Indian border conflict. It finds that China perceived itself as a persistent and resilient nation in the ongoing fight against invasion and oppression. The predominant social discourse around 1962 showed a strong enmity and resistance toward the imperialism which was then imposed on India. These national identities have formed a natural response as maintaining a tough stance toward incursion and repression, and have contributed to China's resolution to defense its territory with resorting to military force, even though it might not be beneficial in terms of diplomatic relations and economic interests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ever-watchful eyes of society have created burdensome challenges for mothers in the 21st century, who are constantly trying to manage their emotions and daily life in accordance with the dominant discourse of what a 'good mother' should be like. The aim of the paper is to explore the 'deep story' of new mothers in Latvia, employing the theoretical framework of sociologist Arlie Hochschild and her concept of 'emotion work'. Data were gathered from ten phenomenological interviews with women with a child under the age of two. The results of the narrative analysis show that new mothers systematically apply the principles of 'emotion work' and communicate negative experiences only to selected confidants out of a fear of being condemned for not complying with the dominant narrative of motherhood. Although the 'deep story' of mothers is rather bleak, the key is open communication without judgement or patronising remarks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper analyses prevalent topics found in narratives of the maritime discourse community in the past seven years, from 2016 to 2022. For this purpose, we compiled a corpus of eighty speeches given by the respected Mr. Kitack Lim, secretary-general of the International Maritime Organisation (IMO). The texts are found on the official IMO website and were delivered on the occasion of significant maritime events. The analysis section combines quantitative and qualitative methods. The sophisticated language program Wordstat was used to determine frequencies, dominant phrases, collocations and prevalent topics. In addition, critical discourse analysis was used to interpret linguistic facts through the lenses of an actual maritime setting. The results reveal how dynamic changes in the maritime discourse community are reflected in narratives. We note how traditional issues in seafaring have been complemented with new perspectives impacted by globalisation, digitalisation, automatisation, issues of social and human rights which have been raised, women's empowerment, questions of environmental protection and many more. We conclude that the established concepts cannot be demarcated: they are increasingly interdependent and have the seafarer in their focus. We also point to the possibility of future research in the domain of comparative analysis on a sample of larger corpora that could make use of research articles or academic narratives about the maritime discourse community. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the opinion columns on the political management of the crisis that arose from the COVID-19 pandemic and finds out what differences are detected in the attacks on the ruling political class about the ideological orientation of the newspaper of origin. Starting from the theoretical-methodological framework of discourse analysis with a linguistic-pragmatic approach and through digital humanities, a qualitative analysis of forty opinion columns is carried out. These texts are useful for the analysis of the main linguistic, argumentative and discursive resources in use. Even though criticism of the government is present in all the articles in the corpus, the results show that the most violent and rude attacks come from newspapers of opposite political ideology and are aimed at delegitimizing the measures taken to deal with the situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

By conducting discourse analysis on Chinese textual materials around 1962, this paper tries to inductively explore the national identities of Chinese people during the 1962 Sino-Indian border conflict. It finds that China perceived itself as a persistent and resilient nation in the ongoing fight against invasion and oppression. The predominant social discourse around 1962 showed a strong enmity and resistance toward the imperialism which was then imposed on India. These national identities have formed a natural response as maintaining a tough stance toward incursion and repression, and have contributed to China's resolution to defense its territory with resorting to military force, even though it might not be beneficial in terms of diplomatic relations and economic interests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When Team Sky emerged on the world cycling scene, it proclaimed itself a crusader for clean competition. Team manager David Brailsford was the embodiment of this new ethos, which rested on two concepts: the CORE Principle and the Marginal Gains Theory. However, in 2016 allegations of rule bending in Team Sky emerged in the press and Brailsford was called to testify before a Parliamentary Committee on doping in sport. It was widely agreed that his testimony undermined the ‘clean cycling’ image constructed during his management. This paper offers a comparative, qualitative discourse analysis of an interview with Brailsford from the heyday of his ‘clean discourse’ and his testimony before the Committee. From the perspective of Jørgensen and Isaksson’s Ethos model, a CADS approach is followed involving Hallidayan transitivity analysis to understand, first, how Brailsford’s clean discourse ethos was constructed, second, why it failed him during his witness session, and how he tried to mitigate this by foregrounding alternative ethos qualities in his statements to the Committee. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the major challenges for the present European Commission, starting with Brexit and ending with issues such as EU Eastern Enlargement from today's perspectives, trying to explain why it is difficult to talk about enlargement in a fragmented European Union. How will the European Neighborhood Policy and Enlargement Negotiations evolve in the actual mandate of the European Commission? Did the European Commission succeed in offering Eastern states the opportunity to join the European Union by developing instruments encouraging states to meet the accession criteria? A qualitative analysis will be used to highlight the novelty elements analyzed by the proposed theme; the author uses a study case using as research instruments discourse and content analysis. Therefore, the main objective of this research paper is to highlight how the European leaders' discourse on a possible enlargement of the European Union has evolved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]