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This paper presents the instrumentation of a microfluidic analyzer enabling the characterization of single-cell biophysical properties, which includes seven key components: a microfluidic module, a pressure module, an imaging module, an impedance module, two LabVIEW platforms for instrument operation and raw data processing, respectively, and a Python code for data translation. Under the control of the LabVIEW platform for instrument operation, the pressure module flushes single cells into the microfluidic module with raw biophysical parameters sampled by the imaging and impedance modules and processed by the LabVIEW platform for raw data processing, which were further translated into intrinsic cellular biophysical parameters using the code developed in Python. Based on this system, specific membrane capacitance, cytoplasm conductivity, and instantaneous Young's modulus of three cell types were quantified as 2.76 ± 0.57 κF/cm2, 1.00 ± 0.14 S/m, and 3.79 ± 1.11 kPa for A549 cells (ncell = 202); 1.88 ± 0.31 κF/ cm2, 1.05 ± 0.16 S/m, and 3.74 ± 0.75 kPa for 95D cells (ncell = 257); 2.11 ± 0.38 κF/ cm2, 0.87 ± 0.11 S/m, and 5.39 ± 0.89 kPa for H460 cells (ncell = 246). As a semi-automatic instrument with a throughput of roughly 1 cell per second, this prototype instrument can be potentially used for the characterization of cellular biophysical properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a research paper that discusses a microfluidics-based approach that is capable of characterizing instantaneous Young's modulus and specific membrane capacitance of suspended single cells. In the study cells were aspirated through a constriction channel and the cellular entry process into the channel was recorded using a high speed camera. It informs that the study provides a more comprehensive understanding of cellular digital imaging systems properties.

Fault diagnosis is needed for a lab-on-chip to facilitate defect tolerance using reconfiguration. Previously proposed techniques for reading test outcomes and for pulse-sequence analysis are cumbersome and error-prone. We present a fault-diagnosis method to locate a single defective cell and multiple rows/columns with defective cells in a digital microfluidic array. The proposed method can also locate an unknown number of rows/columns-under-test with defective cells. It utilizes digital microfluidic exclusive-or gates to implement an output compactor. The microfluidic compactor can compress 2 distinct test outcomes to a r-droplet signature. This approach obviates the need for capacitive sensing test-outcome circuits for analysis. We analyze the probability of misdiagnosis and use the compression ratio as a measure to evaluate the proposed fault-diagnosis method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article reviews recent developments in microfluidic impedance flow cytometry for high-throughput electrical property characterization of single cells. Four major perspectives of microfluidic impedance flow cytometry for single-cell characterization are included in this review: (1) early developments of microfluidic impedance flow cytometry for single-cell electrical property characterization; (2) microfluidic impedance flow cytometry with enhanced sensitivity; (3) microfluidic impedance and optical flow cytometry for single-cell analysis and (4) integrated point of care system based on microfluidic impedance flow cytometry. We examine the advantages and limitations of each technique and discuss future research opportunities from the perspectives of both technical innovation and clinical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]