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Background: Twenty miles per hour (20mph) speed limits (equivalent to roughly 30kmh) have become part of public health policies to reduce urban road collisions and casualties, especially in Western countries. Public opinion plays a crucial role in opposition to and acceptance of policies that are advocated for improving public health. Twenty miles per hour speed limit policies were implemented in Edinburgh and Belfast from 2016 to 2018. In this paper, we extract public opinion and sentiments expressed about the new 20mph speed limits in those cities using publicly available Twitter data. Methods: We analysed public sentiments from Twitter data and classified the public comments in plain English into the categories 'positive', 'neutral', and 'negative'. We also explored the frequency and sources of the tweets. Results: The total volume of tweets was higher for Edinburgh than for Belfast, but the volume of tweets followed a similar pattern, peaking around 2016, which is when the schemes were implemented. Overall, the tone of the tweets was positive or neutral towards the implementation of the speed limit policies. This finding was surprising as there is a perception among policymakers that there would have been public backlash against these sorts of policy changes. The commonly used hashtags focused largely on road safety and other potential benefits, for example to air pollution. Conclusions: Overall, public attitudes towards the policies were positive, thus policymakers should be less anxious about potential public backlash when considering the scale-up of 20mph speed restrictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reports on the apparent plagiarism by three physicians from the Royal Infirmary in Edinburgh, Scotland. Use of materials from Gunther Eysenbach's article; Use of materials from the `British Medical Journal' Web site without attribution; Retraction of plagiarized article.

The article discusses the National Library of Scotland in Edinburgh, Scotland. The history of the library beginning with its inception in 1689 is traced. The famous collections that it owns includes the papers of author Sir Walter Scott. The John Murray Archive contains works by authors such as Baron George Gordon Byron and authors from the U.S., such as the novelist Herman Melville and the correspondence of actress Fanny Kemble.

The weather and the striking Scottish environment provided an excellent backdrop for the joint ISAGA/SAGSET International Conference held in Edinburgh in August 2002. This conference brought together more than 150 academics, practitioners, and researchers in diverse fields of practice from more than 25 countries. This report provides a brief taste of the depth and variety of papers and experiences available at a conference designed to integrate the multiple perspectives of these two major international experiential learning associations. Conference activities included papers and presentations from many fields of practice with opportunities to experience and critique simulation and game designs, share research initiatives, engage in debate on critical issues, and discuss conceptualizations of this important area of learning. These academic activities were balanced by a number of social ones providing opportunities to experience Scotland's culture and renew friendships with colleagues. The organizers received many accolades for the excellence of the program and the conference organization. It was indeed a memorable conference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the extent to which the softer or transferable skills that are apparently sought by firms are developed through work-based learning. The study is a pilot study, as it is restricted to the experience of students and graduates of a single degree programme at Napier University, Edinburgh. However, the results indicate a positive contribution of work-based learning to the development of the transferable skills of those involved in the programme. The paper concludes that these tentative positive results drawn from the pilot study need to be tested across a broader sample of students and graduates from a wide range of programmes and institutions. This would enable an effective evaluation of the role of work-based learning in skilling the firm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Classifying events is challenging in Twitter because tweets texts have a large amount of temporal data with a lot of noise and various kinds of topics. In this paper, we propose a method to classify events from Twitter. We firstly find the distinguishing terms between tweets in events and measure their similarities with learning language models such as ConceptNet and a latent Dirichlet allocation method for selectional preferences (LDA-SP), which have been widely studied based on large text corpora within computational linguistic relations. The relationship of term words in tweets will be discovered by checking them under each model. We then proposed a method to compute the similarity between tweets based on tweets’ features including common term words and relationships among their distinguishing term words. It will be explicit and convenient for applying to k-nearest neighbor techniques for classification. We carefully applied experiments on the Edinburgh Twitter Corpus to show that our method achieves competitive results for classifying events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information about several papers discussed at the 3rd International Conference on Cutaneous Lupus Erythematosus (CLE) held in Edinburgh, Scotland on May 6-8, 2014 is presented. Topics include role of antimicrobial peptides in CLE, treatment options for CLE, and higher risk of smokers for CLE. The conference featured several speakers including Dr. Regine Gläser, Dr. Sue Jessop, and Dr. Simon Meggitt.

The National Museum of Scotland in Edinburgh possesses a substantial collection of unpublished nineteenth-century Moroccan ceramics, including 49 pieces from the collection of Sir John Drummond Hay, British Minister Plenipotentiary in Morocco from 1845 to 1886. The Drummond Hay wares are of considerable interest to scholars of history and visual culture alike, as the personal collection of a major figure in nineteenth-century Anglo-Moroccan relations, and as representatives of a part of Moroccan visual culture that has been largely ignored within recent discourses of Islamic art history. This paper is the result of a research project into the history of the Drummond Hay ceramic group, examining not only the formal qualities of the ceramics but also their particular social history, and the insight their story provides into perceptions of the Maghreb in nineteenth-century Britain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We describe the FPGA-based supercomputer Maxwell built by the FPGA High-Performance Computing Alliance at the University of Edinburgh. Winner of the silver medal in the BT Flagship Award for Innovation at the 2007 British Computer Society Awards, Maxwell is a general-purpose 64 FPGA computer designed for high-performance parallel computing. This paper describes the machine itself, its hardware and software environment and presents benchmark results from runs of three commercial demonstration applications from the oil, medical and finance sectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent dry years (combined dry winter and summer months) within the UK (2005 and 2006) have enhanced concerns relating to long term water resources and future water provision in large conurbations. This paper examines the mechanisms responsible for precipitation variability for five different areas in Edinburgh (precipitation regions) using composite historic precipitation records for the period 1861–2005. Trend analysis and principal component analysis (PCA) were undertaken to examine precipitation variability over time and space. Annual correlation co-efficients were derived for relationships between precipitation areas, atmospheric–oceanographic variations and geographic parameters. Stepwise regression models were constructed to specify annual precipitation, through atmospheric variations, for each of the precipitation areas. Significant downward trends in precipitation ( p < 0.05) were noted in two out of the five precipitation areas, with one principal component representing precipitation variability over Edinburgh and the Pentland Hills. Precipitation variability is best explained by fluctuations in pressure, altitude and proximity to coast. Precipitation trends cannot be explained by changes in atmospheric circulation patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the scientific work of the Laboratory of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh from its foundation in 1887 to 1920. It looks in particular at the pivotal role of clinical cases in the work of the Laboratory, using the concept of ‘triangulation’ to analyse how cases served both as objects of scientific knowledge and as sites for articulating and aligning the concerns of medical practitioners and career scientists. It goes on to propose a general model for thinking about the role of cases in scientific knowledge production, based on a rereading of Kuhn as seen through the lens of the sociology of scientific knowledge. It concludes with some general reflections on how this analysis of the work of the Laboratory helps us to rethink the relations between basic and applied medical science in the period before the emergence of modern biomedicine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cost pressures and the need to demonstrate cost-effectiveness of new interventions require consideration of the costs of treating disease. This study presents analyses of resource use data covering 199 postmenopausal women who experienced a breast cancer recurrent event between 1991 and 2004 and were treated at the Western General Hospital, Edinburgh. Aggregate (5-year) treatment costs for alternative recurrent events were estimated, as well as the annual costs incurred by patients experiencing contralateral, locoregional, or distant recurrence, who remained alive without further recurrence for a year. The 95% confidence intervals for the 5-year costs of recurrence ranged from pounds 10,000 to pounds 37,000 for locoregional recurrence, and pounds 14,500- pounds 20,000 for distant recurrence. No evidence of significant variations in these costs across time periods between 1991 and 2004 was identified. Annual costs for patients remaining in the same health state showed high initial costs for contralateral and locoregional recurrence, with low costs in subsequent years, while costs associated with distant recurrence declined at a slower rate and plateaued at 4-5 years post-diagnosis. The cost estimates presented in this paper not only inform the magnitude of the resource consequences of breast cancer recurrences, but they are also better suited to informing cost-effectiveness analyses, which have a far greater role in allocating health-care resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Editorial. Reports the responsibility of senior editors in Edinburgh, Scotland. Need to attend the meetings of the Editorial Board; Improvements in the standards of papers published; Supervision of the academic editing of the papers.

Three researchers from the American Australian Institute of Family Studies have presented papers at an international conference on work and family life held at the Centre for Research on Families and Relationships at the University of Edinburgh, Scotland, from June 30 to July 2, 2004. Ruth Weston presented a paper on father's long work hours and their personal and family well-being. Judy Hughes, on the other hand, presented a paper titled "Does Money Matter? How Finances Feature in the Employment Decisions of Partnered Mothers Receiving Government Assistance." Finally, Christine Millward presented a paper on paid work and retirement in the context of family obligations and community work, for mature and retirement age Australians.

A conference paper on the Genomics and Pathway Biology post-genomics Master of Science program at Edinburgh University in Scotland is presented. The program aims to give students an understanding of trends in post genomic science and their application to the analysis and modeling of biological systems. The course is run by Scottish Centre for Genomic Technology and Informatics.