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The emerging of depth-camera technology is paving the way for a variety of new applications and it is believed that plane detection is one of them. In fact, planes are common in man-made living structures, thus their accurate detection can benefit many visual-based applications. The use of depth information allows detecting planes characterized by complex pattern and texture, where the texture-based plane detection algorithms usually fail. In this paper, we propose a robust depth-driven plane detection (DPD) algorithm which consists of two parts: the growing-based plane detection and a two-stage refinement. The proposed approach starts from the seed patch with the highest planarity and uses the estimated equation of the growing plane and a dynamic threshold function to steer the growing process. Aided with this mechanism, each seed patch can grow to its maximum extent, and then the next seed patch starts to grow. This process is iteratively repeated so as to detect all the planes. Moreover, the refinement is proposed to tackle two common problems suffered by growing-based approaches, the over-growing problem, and the under-growing problem. Validated by extensive experiments, the proposed DPD algorithm is able to accurately detect planes and robust to various testing conditions. In terms of applications, it can be used as the pre-processing step for a variety of applications, such as, planar object recognition, super-resolution of the time-of-flight depth images with intrinsically low resolution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Frame rate up-conversion (FRUC) is a technology for generating a higher frame rate video from one with a lower frame rate. The multi-view plus depth map (MVD) system has been recently considered a promising solution for three-dimensional video systems. Accordingly, an FRUC efficient solution for the MVD system is greatly needed. In this paper, we thus propose an FRUC approach that considers the MVD system characteristics. It divides a frame into multiple layers using a depth map, and it reconstructs occluded regions using neighboring views and depth map information. With reconstructed information, it accurately performs motion estimation when a region occlusion occurs. Experimental results demonstrated that the proposed method significantly improved the quality of interpolated frames, and it can effectively complement other conventional FRUC approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we introduce a new hierarchy of large cardinals between I3 and I2, the iterability hierarchy, and we prove that every step of it strongly implies the ones below. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An alternative approach to standard computed torque with feedback linearization is proposed in this paper to control cable-driven parallel robots (CDPRs) with highly flexible cables. Exteroceptive feedback is used to measure the end-effector Cartesian position at a high sampling rate. Stability is demonstrated using singular perturbation theory. The proposed control scheme is experimentally validated on a planar 3-degree-of-freedom CDPR and its efficiency is assessed by comparison with a simple kinematic control law. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper formally constructs navigation functions with time-varying destinations on star worlds. The construction is based on appropriate diffeomorphic transformations and extends an earlier sphere-world formulation. A new obstacle modeling method is also introduced, reducing analytical complexity and offering unified expressions of common classes of $n$ -dimensional obstacles. The method allows for dynamic target tracking and is validated through simulations and experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is concerned with mathematical and numerical analysis of the system of radiative integral transfer equations. The existence and uniqueness of solution to the integral system is proved by establishing the boundedness of the radiative integral operators and proving the invertibility of the operator matrix associated with the system. A collocation-boundary element method is developed to discretize the differential-integral system. For the non-convex geometries, an element-subdivision algorithm is developed to handle the computation of the integrals containing the visibility factor. An efficient iterative algorithm is proposed to solve the nonlinear discrete system and its convergence is also established. Numerical experiment results are also presented to verify the effectiveness and accuracy of the proposed method and algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Direct geolocation of radio emitters has traditionally been formulated using short measurement intervals over which delay and Doppler frequency shift are approximated as constant. In this paper, we consider maximum likelihood position estimation using long measurement intervals for which the Doppler is time varying. A series of assumptions and approximations are used to develop an efficient solution involving coherent combining of traditional, complex ambiguity function processing outputs. Simulation results are used to demonstrate potential gains. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is devoted to the terrain aided navigation (TAN) systems based on the state estimation algorithms. In particular, the emphasis is laid on the design of the Bayesian Rao–Blackwellized point-mass filter for nonlinear state-space models of a specific structure typically used in the terrain aided navigation. The proposed filter preserves advantages of the point-mass filter, including the high estimation accuracy, robust initialization, deterministic nature of the algorithm, and predictable computational complexity, while the computational complexity is significantly reduced. The performance of the Rao–Blackwellized point-mass filter is illustrated using a simulated numerical example and a TAN system based on the real data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • The damper has an excellent hysteretic energy dissipation capacity. • The damper exhibits a stable post-visible-rupture behavior. • The damper can be promptly repaired after a major earthquake. • The repaired damper behaved as the original one. • The model predicts acceptable results for yield and ultimate strengths of the damper. Abstract This research focused on a new type of seismic damper consisting of replaceable U-shaped steel plates. To investigate behavior of the damper, seven specimens were tested. The test parameters varied in these specimens included geometries and materials of the U-shaped steel plates and the loading protocols. Test results show that the specimens exhibited stable hysteretic behaviors and satisfactory energy dissipating capacities. In addition, this research provided clear evidence that the damper is robust and tolerant to the ruptures in the U-shaped steel plates. Some specimens continued to dissipate significant amounts of hysteretic energy even after formation of the visible ruptures in the U-shaped steel plates. Moreover, this research demonstrated that the damper repaired through replacement of the U-shaped steel plates following a severe earthquake remained satisfactory in a subsequent earthquake. Further, this paper presents the equations for estimating yield strength and ultimate strength of the damper. It was found that the derived equations provide reasonable predictions and can be used for future design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • Analytical and numerical study results of Y-type self-centering eccentrically braced frame (SCEBF-Y) are presented. • Post-gap opening stiffness of SCEBF-Y depend on PT cable properties. • Finite element model of the SCEBF-Y is verified with analytical and experimental test data. • Post-gap-opening stiffness and equivalent yield strength of SCEBF-Y is adjustable. Abstract This paper presents the results from both analytical and numerical study of a Y-type self-centering eccentrically braced frame (SCEBF-Y) subjected to earthquake loading. In this study, a three-story SCEBF-Y frame building has been designed along with a three-story conventional D-type eccentrically braced frame (EBF-D) for a site located in Los Angeles, California. The analytical results reveal that initial stiffness and post-gap opening stiffness of SCEBF-Y depend on brace section properties and PT strand properties respectively. The finite element model of the SCEBF-Y frame has been verified with analytical results as well as experimental test data from a similar one-story one-bay D-type self-centering eccentrically braced frame specimen. The study results demonstrate that SCEBF-Y frame can be designed to the same strength and stiffness as conventional EBFs while it can re-center itself after design basis earthquake (DBE). In the SCEBF-Y system, replaceable energy dissipation devices termed RHD devices are installed to dissipate seismic energy, and the primary structural members are intended to remain elastic under the DBE earthquakes. The nonlinear time history analysis results for the prototype SCEBF-Y buildings show that not only the SCEBF-Y building has negligible residual drift, but also it has its major damage confined to replaceable energy dissipation devices. In the parametric study, three different levels of PT strands' initial stress along with different PT cable length has been considered and the parametric study suggests that by properly choosing cable length and cable's initial post-tensioning stress level, key structural system properties such as the post-gap-opening stiffness and the equivalent yield strength of SCEBF-Y can be adjusted accordingly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • Partially bonded (PB)-FREBs can retain the same advantages of unbonded-FREBs. • No relative slip occurs under low-rate lateral displacements in a PB-bearing. • The influence of static rotations on the hysteresis loops of PB-FREBs has been investigated. • A new copolymer employed in the bearings, and its response was examined experimentally. • The PB-application of FREBs as seismic isolators/bridge bearings is feasible. Abstract There are two classical types of application for fiber reinforced elastomeric bearings (FREB), namely, "bonded (B)" and "unbonded (UB)" applications. Although the UB-application results in improved seismic isolation efficiency due to rollover deformations, UB-FREB are not capable of transferring tensile forces, and may experience slip under certain loading conditions. As such, a new application type called Partially Bonded (PB) has been introduced to overcome these two limitations. A PB-FREB is achieved by partially bonding the top and bottom surfaces of the bearing to its contact supports. This paper presents the results of a comparative experimental study between UB-FREB and PB-FREB. Heat accelerated deterioration tests based on Arrhenius law was also conducted on the PB-FREB. Additionally, the low-temperature horizontal response of the PB-FREB was investigated. Results show that the displacement characteristics and damping values, long-term performance, and low-temperature response of the PB-FREB investigated in this study comply with current standard requirements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • Formulation of random field theory for the elastic properties of old concrete dams. • Evaluation of the correlation length effect on the frequency response dispersion and inter-correlation among vibrational modes. • First-time analysis of six arch dams in the context of a "dam class". • Proposal of an experimental design using a dam frequency analytical model. • Proposal of an iterative random field-based system identification technique for arch dams. Abstract Determining vibration characteristics constitutes the first step in calibrating the finite element model in an old arch dam analysis. These characteristics provide the required information for a proper dynamic analysis of the coupled fluid-structure system used for risk assessment purposes. This paper investigates the detailed vibration characteristics of arch dams with heterogeneous material by applying random field theory. A group of six double-curvature arch dams are studied herein. The spatial material distribution using different correlation lengths is compared, and the response dispersion is quantified. An experimental meta-model design is developed for a specific class of dams, with an approximate analytical solution being derived. Ultimately, an iterative, random field-based system identification technique is proposed for old arch dams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • Investigated seismic performance of seismically isolated and non-isolated buildings. • Buildings designed using the minimum ASCE 7 criteria and enhanced design criteria. • Calculated annual rate of exceeding drift, residual drift and floor acceleration. • Probabilities of exceeding response limits that relate to damage are computed. Abstract Recent studies have shown that seismically isolated buildings designed by the minimum criteria of ASCE/SEI 7 may have unacceptable probabilities of collapse in the MCE R. Acceptable probabilities of collapse in the MCE R are achieved when the isolation system displacement capacity and the strength of the superstructure are increased. The same studies have shown that conventional buildings designed by the minimum criteria of ASCE/SEI 7 have acceptable probabilities of collapse in the MCE R , and that the collapse probabilities may be much lower than those of minimally designed seismically isolated buildings and may even be lower than those of seismically isolated buildings designed by enhanced collapse performance criteria. This paper investigates what isolated buildings offer in terms of performance criteria other than collapse performance. Based on a probabilistic approach, mean annual frequencies of exceedance of story drift, residual story drift and floor acceleration are computed for a number of isolated and non-isolated buildings that meet the minimum criteria of ASCE/SEI 7 and other enhanced criteria. Based on the mean annual frequencies, probabilities of exceeding response limits that relate to damage are computed for a lifetime of 50 years. It is shown that seismically isolated buildings designed by the minimum or enhanced criteria generally have lower probabilities to develop damage or to be in need of demolishing in 50 years of lifetime than any minimally designed non-isolated building. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • The rotation required by structural elements to perform a plastic design is evaluated. • The proposed approach allows to the failure mode of the structure to be predicted. • Information on the more efficient configuration of additional bolts are provided. • Theoretical results are applied to rack joints tested in an experimental campaign. Abstract The structural behaviour of beam-column joints plays a critical role in the seismic response of frame structures. In the case of steel rack systems, uprights (columns) are usually 3rd or 4th class open thin-walled cold-formed steel members according to Eurocode 3, as such, local buckling occurs before the plastic moment resistance (in the case of the 3rd class) or yield stress (4th class) is achieved. Beams are usually 1st or 2nd class, so they can form a plastic hinge with the rotation capacity required from plastic analysis without reduction of the resistance (1st class) or with a limitation on the rotation capacity due to local buckling (2nd class). For this reason, only beams and connections, which can be easily equipped with additional bolts to increase their structural performance, can provide a post-elastic behaviour with energy dissipation. This paper presents and develops a method capable of evaluating the rotational capacity, or ductility, required by beams and connections to perform a plastic design. The proposed approach allows for the failure mode of the structure to be predicted starting from mechanical properties of structural members, and it is valid for both service and seismic loads. The analytical method could be applied to different structural systems and materials; in the present work it is presented with reference to industrial pallet racks. Theoretical assessment herein of the required plastic rotation for beams and connections provides useful information for bolted connection design to increase capacity of the racks with minimal additional cost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Assuming specific behavior models, the variety of design codes currently used for the design of concrete beams inevitably results in different solutions, ensuring service during the whole expected lifetime with a maximum functional quality and safety. However, from a sustainable design perspective, such differences may have remarkable environmental impacts. This paper analyses if the approach of the newest design code, i.e., the Model Code, leads to a reduction in resource consumption and greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) over the life-cycle of concrete beams. To do so, a comparative analysis of the environmental impact of concrete beams was carried out depending on the reference code used for its design (i.e., EHE-08 or Model Code). The results show that the reduction of reinforcing steel is a basic objective to minimize the life cycle environmental impacts of concrete beams. Every country may have its own design codes and, thus, the reinforcing steel use can vary for structures subjected to the same loads and with equivalent structural reliability. Hence, regulations play a key role in the sustainability of construction assets. Conclusions depend on the beam length (L) and height (h) and characteristic compressive strength (f ck). For short beams (4 m), the greater the h , the greater the reinforcement difference between the two codes. With regard to beams of 8 m, these differences can lead to varying steel and GHG savings, e.g., up to 5.0% with MC-2010 (h = 0.6 m and f ck ≤ 35 MPa), almost 40% with EHE – 08 (h = 1.0 m and 35 MPa < f ck ≤ 50 MPa) and more than 30% with EHE–08 (h = 0.6 m and 35 MPa < f ck ≤ 50 MPa). For long beams (L = 12.0 m), steel consumption is 0.3–19% lower when the beam is designed with EHE-08, and this difference decreases as f ck increases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • Developed a moment connection for a progressive collapse resistant precast frame. • Experimental destructive testing was performed to obtain moment-rotation behavior. • 2 configurations were tested: higher strength with lower ductility and vice versa. • Experimental results were input into a system-level computational model. • Models show that both tested connections prevent collapse for a column removal. Abstract This paper documents the experimental development of a new spandrel-to-column moment connection detail for progressive collapse resistance in precast concrete building frames. This study focuses on a 10-story prototype precast concrete frame building with perimeter special moment frames (SMF) that are subjected to a ground-floor column removal. The experimental subassembly represents a spandrel-to-column connection on the perimeter SMF near the middle of the building face (i.e. not at the corners). The connection is non-emulative and utilizes unbonded high-strength steel post-tensioning (PT) bars which pass through ducts in the column and are anchored to the spandrels via bearing plates. The proposed design strives for construction simplicity, avoids field welding and/or grouting, and maximizes ductility by allowing the high strength steel bars to act as structural "fuses" when yielding. A full-scale quasi-static pushdown test is performed on two variants of the proposed connection: one with higher moment-rotation capacity and limited ductility, and another with lower capacity and higher ductility. The results show that the connection can reliably achieve its design yield capacity, performs well under service level demands, and can achieve moderate-to-high ductility. The experimental results are then applied to a system-level computational model of the prototype building frame under a column removal scenario. The results of a nonlinear dynamic analysis demonstrate that the system can arrest progressive collapse in the event of a single column loss scenario when either variant of the proposed connection is considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • DMF for the vertical pseudo- and absolute-acceleration response spectra based on 3198 earthquake records. • Effects of earthquake magnitude, epicenter distance, hypocenter depth, site condition, and PGA on the vertical spectral DMF. • The probabilistic properties of the vertical spectral DMF simulated by the normal distribution model. • Highly accurate models for the mean and the standard deviation of the vertical spectral DMF. Abstract This paper aims to establish a regional (Japanese) damping modification model for scaling the 5%-damped vertical seismic response spectra to other damping ratios. In doing so, 3198 strong vertical ground motion (VGM) records are selected from the Japanese seismic database, and their linear elastic response spectra are computed by the Newmark- β algorithm. Taking the 5%-damped vertical response spectra as benchmarks, the vertical spectral damping modification factors (DMFV) for ζ (damping ratio) = 0.5%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 12.5%, 15%, 17.5%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35% and 40% are calculated. For structural design purpose, the DMFV s of both the vertical pseudo acceleration response spectra and the vertical absolute acceleration response spectra are calculated. The DMFV spectra have their peaks (for ζ < 5%) or valleys (for ζ > 5%) at T = 0.12 s (here T indicates spectral period), and their values get farther away from unity as earthquake magnitude or VGM epicenter distance increases. The effect of earthquake hypocenter depth, local site condition (represented by Vs30) and peak ground acceleration on DMFV generally shows no pattern. For each ζ , the mean DMFV -lg T curves are simulated by highly accurate piecewise functions. Moreover, it is revealed that the normal distribution model is feasible for representing the probabilistic properties of DMFV , especially in the short-to-medium period region where the skewness of the DMFV distribution is not quite pronounced. The standard deviations of DMFV are modeled by piecewise functions as well, yet it is emphasized that the variation of a damping-scaled spectral ordinate is jointly controlled by the probabilistic properties of DMFV and the uncertainties of the 5%-damped spectral ordinates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • Eight slender RC columns were strengthened with steel tube and sandwiched concrete jackets. • The experimental results showed that the mechanical properties of the RC columns were enhanced. • An accurate FE model was developed to simulate the response of the retrofitted columns. • A modified load-bearing capacity prediction model was proposed. Abstract Steel tube and sandwiched concrete jacketing has been proved to be effective in improving the load-bearing capacity and ductility of deficient reinforced concrete (RC) stub columns. However, the effectiveness of this technique for slender RC columns remains to be validated due to instability problems. In this study, nine slender specimens, including one reference column and eight retrofitted columns, were tested under axial compression. The experimental results showed that the load-bearing capacity, stiffness and ductility of the slender RC square columns were significantly enhanced. The load enhancement was not only attributed to section enlargement, but also due to the confinement provided by the steel tube. Based on the experimental results, a finite element (FE) model was developed to simulate the structural response of the retrofitted slender columns under axial load. The FE results demonstrated that the sandwiched concrete shared a higher load than the steel tube for the cross-section of this paper, justifying the use of "steel tube and sandwiched concrete jacketing". Moreover, the confinement effects on the load-bearing capacity of the RC part and the sandwiched concrete part were quantitatively analyzed. A modified formula was subsequently proposed to predict the load-bearing capacity of the retrofitted columns, the results of which agreed well with the experimental and FE results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • Descriptions of the experimental tests of two large-size RC containment specimens. • Descriptions of CSMM-based shell element for simulation of RC shell-type structures. • Nonlinear FE analysis of the RC containments using CSMM-based shell element. • Discussions and comparisons of experimental outcomes and analytical results. Abstract The nuclear containment structure is one of the most important infrastructure systems ensuring the safety of a nuclear power plant. The structural behavior of a cylindrical containment structure made of reinforced concrete (RC) with large dimensions and numerous rebars is complex and difficult to predict. The complex behavior of the RC containment structure has been investigated in an international collaboration project between the National Center for Research on Earthquake Engineering (NCREE) in Taipei, Taiwan and the University of Houston (UH), Houston, Texas. At NCREE two 1/13 scaled cylindrical RC containment specimens were tested under reversed cyclic loads [1]. At UH, a finite element simulation of the two tested specimens was developed using a finite element analysis (FEA) program SCS [2]. In the program, a new shell element, the so-called CSMM-based shell element, was developed based on the Cyclic Softened Membrane Model [3] and the formulation of an 8-node Serendipity curved shell element [4] with a multi-layer approach [5]. The UH simulated seismic behavior was close to the NCREE experimental results. This paper presents the theoretical development of the FEA program SCS and the comparisons of its predictions with the experimental structural behavior of the two RC containment specimens. This simulation model and the FEA program are excellent tools to develop effective performance-based design provisions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • For precast concrete bridge decks, HSS-formed shear pockets should be designed to ensure ductile behavior. • Concrete strength and shear pocket dimensions are key parameters in the design of shear pocket connections. • Using HSS in forming shear pockets is an efficient way for confining pocket concrete/grout and controlling splitting cracks. • FEA can be utilized in modeling the predicting the behavior of HSS-formed shear pockets. Abstract Current bridge design codes do not provide adequate criteria/procedures for designing full-depth precast concrete deck systems, especially those with shear pocket connections. Instead, these systems and their connections are designed on a case-by-case basis by either conducting necessary testing or adopting the design criteria/procedures developed primarily for cast-in-place concrete deck systems. Shear pocket connections formed using steel hollow structural sections (HSS) provide a promising solution to connecting precast concrete deck panels to the supporting girders due to their superior structural performance and simplicity of panel fabrication. The main objective of this paper is to develop criteria/procedures for designing HSS formed shear pocket connections in full-depth precast concrete deck systems. These procedures will assist bridge designers in selecting pocket dimensions, HSS thickness, pocket anchorage and reinforcement necessary to maximize the connection capacity while allowing adequate construction tolerance. Experimental investigation (push-off testing) and finite element analysis (FEA) were performed to validate the developed design criteria/procedures. Analysis and testing results indicated that the developed design criteria/procedures for HSS formed shear pocket connections are satisfactory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • Influence of the earthquake duration on damping reduction factor (DRF). • The displacement spectrum is obtained in stochastic way by mean of peak theory. • New DRF formulation considering effective duration, soil type, damping ratio, natural period. Abstract Damping Reduction Factor plays a key role in scientific literature and Technical Codes, but till now existing formulations present differences and inconsistences probably because obtained by integration of real recorded events, thus sensible to specific used data. This paper investigates the relation between damping reduction factor and earthquake duration by means of random vibration theory. A stochastic process, that is non-stationary and filtered, is used to model a seismic event. The modulation function is suitably chosen to describe earthquakes characterized by different durations. The stochastic process peak theory allows to calculate damping reduction factor after the definition of the probabilistic response of a simple linear visco-elastic oscillator. The variability with seismic duration for different soil conditions and damping ratios is investigated. The study points out that damping reduction factor is more sensitive to seismic duration in the range of high period and on rigid soil with respect to other conditions. The results show that, if damping ratio or effective duration values are increased, the damping reduction factor value diminishes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • Fast 1D nonlinear dynamic model is validated to predict façade response. • External cladding systems influence stiffness and strength of high-rise structures. • Sensitivity to the façade typology is explored. • Locally, façades decrease stresses in structural key members up to 66.94%. • Globally, façades attenuate top displacements up to 4.94%. Abstract The dynamic interaction between glazed curtain wall stick systems and modern high-rise mega-frame buildings is investigated. In the present paper, four moment resisting frames (MRFs), consisting of thirty- and sixty-storey steel-based prototypes, are designed according to European standards: internal concentrically braced frame (CBF) core, outriggers and belt trusses are adopted to limit inter-storey drift and second order effects. Force-displacement relationships are derived from available full-scale test data performed on non-structural aluminium façade units. Therefore, 3D finite element (FE) models are developed to interpret the physical phenomena involved in façade dynamics: as a result, equivalent 1D nonlinear links are calibrated to simulate these phenomena independently. Nonlinear time history analyses (NLTHAs) are executed to investigate the potential combination of stiffness and strength of such hybrid systems, i.e. achieved through the integration of glazed curtain walls on the MRF lateral force resisting system (LFRs). Local and global performance will be shown in terms of inter-storey drifts and displacement peak profiles, forces and percentage peak variations, highlighting static-to-seismic load ratios in critical members and the sensitivity to the structural height. Conclusions point out that, even if accurately designed according to current standards, the façade omission from the seismic analyses of high-rise structures may lead to a crucial underestimation in the dissipation capacity of the building. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • SPSW in RCF with proposed connections improves load carrying capacity of RCF. • Initial stiffness and ductility is significantly influenced by connection types. • Three of proposed connections can be used for rehabilitation of RC structures. • One connection (type 4) proposed for new structures. Abstract In the reinforced concrete (RC) structures with steel plate shear walls (SPSWs) as a lateral resisting system, to obtain maximum capacity of SPSW, implementing proper connections play an important role to transfer force from wall to the frame. In this paper, four connection types are proposed and numerically investigated to transfer the tension field forces between SPSW and RC frame (RCF). Three types of connections are applicable for rehabilitating of existing RC structures and one type can be used for new construction. The behavior of connections has been evaluated using non-linear finite element analysis (NLFEA). Results of the specimens with different types of connections demonstrated that the use of SPSW in RCF with appropriate connections could provide excellent ductility as well as high load carrying capacity and initial stiffness by distributing the yielding zone in SPSW along the wall height. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • Efficient static and dynamic analysis of jointed Euler-Bernoulli beams. • Step changes in material and cross-section. • Internal rotational, internal translational and external translational springs. • Free and forced vibration of jointed Euler-Bernoulli damped beam. • Closed-form expressions of the four integration constants. Abstract Many engineering systems can be modelled as an assembly of beams with different material properties and cross-sections jointed at their edges. This paper presents an approach to analyse jointed Euler-Bernoulli (EB) beams with step changes in material and cross-section under static and dynamic loads. The standard approaches to tackle this type of problem are not completely satisfactory in terms of: (i) computational efficiency in dealing with step changes in material and cross-section, when the continuity conditions must be enforced with auxiliary equations (classic approach) or when a denser mesh has to be used at the discontinuity interfaces (Finite Element Method); (ii) taking into account efficiently internal and external springs at the discontinuity interfaces; (iii) numerical errors in the evaluation of high-order modes for jointed beams. An approach is proposed to overcome these limitations. This approach tackles an assembly of n piecewise homogenous EB beams jointed at their edges using the generalised functions to obtain a single expression of the solution which depends on the 4 integration constants associated with the boundary conditions. Closed-form expressions of the 4 constants are provided. Further, in the presence of internal or external springs, additional constants representing the discontinuities have to be taken into account. The latter are computed by considering one additional condition for each discontinuity. The proposed approach is particularized for the static and dynamic analysis (modal analysis and forced vibration analysis). The feasibility of the proposed approach is shown with two numerical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • An optimal design procedure for nonlinear fluid viscous dampers is developed. • Nonlinear power law behavior is incorporated a priori in the optimal design process. • An improved stochastic linearization technique is used in the optimal design. • The procedure identifies the optimal dampers from an energy-based perspective. • Comparison with other methods proves key aspects and effectiveness of the procedure. Abstract The earthquake protection of structures equipped with energy dissipation devices in the form of nonlinear fluid viscous dampers (FVDs) is investigated. Most of the optimal design strategies from the literature either address a simplified linear (Newtonian) idealization of the devices, or identify the characteristics of the nonlinear FVDs in a later stage, by invoking the concept of "energy-equivalent" dampers to compromise between the nonlinear power law force-velocity behavior and a simplified (equivalent, in terms of energy dissipation) linear modeling. In this paper, the nonlinear power law behavior of the devices is incorporated a priori in the optimal design process. The proposed strategy, based upon a numerical approach to a constrained optimization problem, invokes a performance criterion that is derived from the energy balance equation of the system, expressed in stochastic terms. To handle the nonlinear constitutive behavior of the FVDs, a novel equal-energy non-Gaussian stochastic linearization technique is integrated in the optimal design process. For a given power-spectral-density function of the seismic excitation, the most effective set of nonlinear FVDs that maximize the energy dissipation behavior can be identified. By stochastic dynamic analysis and by nonlinear response-history-analysis with an ensemble of ground motions, the proposed energy-based design philosophy is found to be better able to control the overall seismic response of the structure than alternative procedures that are not based on energy concepts and that minimize other performance indices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • A new type of anti-tension equipment used in isolation building is proposed. • The equipment with double column and steel brace may be more convenient and practicable after analyzed by FEA in detail. • A scale model was tested, test results have good agreement with that of FEA. Abstract When the height-width ratio of high-rise isolation buildings is excessively large, elastomeric isolators may suffer from tension in severe earthquakes. Because of the tension limits of isolators, an anti-tension equipment must be added to such buildings for safety. In this paper, a new type of anti-tension equipment is proposed. It consists of two steel frames: one is shape "□", and the other shape "∏", which are perpendicularly connected together. There are diagonal braces and short columns made of rebars on the top of shape "□" steel frame. A small-scale model was first tested, and then a series of parametric study were performed using FEA. In the FEA, the nonlinearity of material and geometry were considered. The yielding and ultimate loads, as well as the stress distribution of the equipment, were investigated for the vertical tensile load condition, considering different shapes of structure, steel materials, and constraint conditions. FEA results match well with the test results. Furthermore, FEA results show that the anti-tension equipment with double column is more effective than that with single column, especially in the case of eccentric tension state. The containment of the bar by the concrete is effective in increasing the ultimate load in the condition of eccentric tension state. Stiffening strips added to the vertical steel arms can significantly increase the ultimate capacity of the equipment. Mostly, as the state of eccentricity increases, the ultimate capacity of the anti-tension equipment decreases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • The blast performance of concrete increases with material heterogeneity. • A compact material dissipates less energy within its structure. • Controlled heterogeneity predetermines blast damage zones. • Layer delamination increases blast energy dissipation. Abstract Because of the current geopolitical situation, research on improving the resistance of the civil and transport infrastructure to blast or impact loads has gained considerable attention. This paper presents the results of full-scale blast experiments designed to characterize the resistance of concrete-based composite bridge decks subjected to close-in blast loading. Three composite decks with different degrees of heterogeneity were proposed and tested: a slab with basalt fiber meshes in multiple layers along the depth of the specimen, a slab with recycled textile sheets 100 mm in total thickness, and a typical hollow-core prestressed slab. The dependence of the extent of the blast damage on the material characteristics of the composite material was studied. A detailed study of the damage to the specimen caused by the close-in explosion found apparent delamination of all tested composite specimens. The heterogeneity of the layered composite material converts the blast damage due to internal rebounds into layer delamination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • Nonlinear finite element model of built-up section were developed and verified. • A proposed design approach is presented using direct strength method (DSM) • The proposed approach is evaluated by comparing with the current existing method and FEA data. • A parametric study showing the influence of D1/B ratio on the stability and strength of the built-up columns. Abstract This paper, based on new proposed approaches, is a numerical investigation of the behavior of thin-walled cold-formed steel built-up columns under a uniform compression. Two types of cross sections have been studied, built-up closed and open sections formed by two channels connected by battens plates. First, a nonlinear finite element model has been developed and the results obtained show a good agreement against experimental results, such as the ultimate strength, the type of deformed shapes at failure and the lateral displacement. Second, a new proposed approach based on the DSM approach where the local, distortional or global buckling has been obtained numerically, using finite element method software, the thickness at the contact area in the web is taken as 1.0 times the thickness of the plate "t", instead of 1.5 or 2.0 times "t". In this case, the compound section is acting as one rigidly connected section. Comparisons with experimental data give a satisfactory degree of accuracy in the proposed design method (DSM-t) and the results are more conservative than those found by the DSM-1.5 and DSM-2. The results, for either closed or open sections, are also slightly conservative for columns failing in global modes than in local ones, if compared with the AISI and EC3 specifications. Some parameters, such as the spacing channels-web length ratio (B1/D) influence the stability and strength of the built-up columns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We describe in this paper the experimental procedure, the data treatment and the quantification of the black body correction: an experimental approach to compensate for scattering and systematic biases in quantitative neutron imaging based on experimental data. The correction algorithm is based on two steps; estimation of the scattering component and correction using an enhanced normalization formula. The method incorporates correction terms into the image normalization procedure, which usually only includes open beam and dark current images (open beam correction). Our aim is to show its efficiency and reproducibility: we detail the data treatment procedures and quantitatively investigate the effect of the correction. Its implementation is included within the open source CT reconstruction software MuhRec. The performance of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated using simulated and experimental CT datasets acquired at the ICON and NEUTRA beamlines at the Paul Scherrer Institut. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Some factors such as expert information, behavior and time influence the decision-making results in dynamic group decision-making. In view of this, from the angle of group negotiation and system coordination, we exploit the Orness measure constraints and Nash bargaining model to establish a novel dynamic group grey target decision method. In this paper, we firstly define concepts of multi-index group measure matrix, stage bull's-eye matrix and whole bull's-eye matrix, which consists of the schemes, the objective, the experts, and the time. Then, based on the maximization of decision group satisfaction and the minimization of system coordination deviation, the asymmetric Nash bargaining model is used to construct a two-step optimization model. Last, the suggested optimization model is used to solve stage bull's eye matrix. What's more, we utilize the Orness measure constraints to establish a phase weight nonlinear programming model, and then use it to solve the weight of the stage and determine the entire bull's-eye matrix. And we utilize the norm to measure the norm distance between group measure matrix and the stage and whole bull's-eye matrix of the schemes, so that we can give the stage and whole schemes ranking. Finally, the case of emergency group decision making tests the validity and rationality of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a computationally efficient algorithm for Bayesian joint change point detection (CPD) in multiple time series is presented. The data generation model includes a number of change configurations (CC), each affecting a unique subset of the time series, which introduces correlation between the positions of change points (CPs) in the monitored time series. The inference objective is to identify joint changes and the associated CC. The algorithm consists of two stages: First, a univariate CPD algorithm is applied separately to each of the involved time series. The outcomes of this step are maximum a posteriori (MAP) detected CPs and posterior distributions of CPs conditioned on the MAP CPs. These outcomes are used in combination to approximate the posterior for the CCs. In the second algorithm stage, dynamic programming is used to find the maxima of this approximate CC posterior. The algorithm is applied to synthetic data, and it is shown to be both significantly faster and more accurate compared to a previously proposed algorithm designed to solve similar problems. Also, the initial algorithm is extended with steps from the maximization–maximization algorithm, which allows the hyperparameters of the data generation model to be estimated jointly with the CCs, and we show that these estimates coincide with estimates obtained from a Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Concave knapsack problems with integer variables have many applications in real life, and they are NP-hard. In this paper, an exact and efficient algorithm is presented for concave knapsack problems. The algorithm combines the contour cut with a special cut to improve the lower bound and reduce the duality gap gradually in the iterative process. The lower bound of the problem is obtained by solving a linear underestimation problem. A special cut is performed by exploiting the structures of the objective function and the feasible region of the primal problem. The optimal solution can be found in a finite number of iterations, and numerical experiments are also reported for two different types of concave objective functions. The computational results show the algorithm is efficient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a new pattern search is proposed to solve the systems of nonlinear equations. We introduce a new non-monotone strategy which includes a convex combination of the maximum function of some preceding successful iterates and the current function. First, we produce a stronger non-monotone strategy in relation to the generated strategy by Gasparo et al. [Nonmonotone algorithms for pattern search methods, Numer. Algorithms 28 (2001), pp. 171-186] whenever iterates are far away from the optimizer. Second, when iterates are near the optimizer, we produce a weaker non-monotone strategy with respect to the generated strategy by Ahookhosh and Amini [An efficient nonmonotone trust-region method for unconstrained optimization, Numer. Algorithms 59 (2012), pp. 523-540]. Third, whenever iterates are neither near the optimizer nor far away from it, we produce a medium non-monotone strategy which will be laid between the generated strategy by Gasparo et al. [Nonmonotone algorithms for pattern search methods, Numer. Algorithms 28 (2001), pp. 171-186] and Ahookhosh and Amini [An efficient nonmonotone trust-region method for unconstrained optimization, Numer. Algorithms 59 (2012), pp. 523-540]. Reported are numerical results of the proposed algorithm for which the global convergence is established. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Representation-based classification (RC) methods such as sparse RC (SRC) have attracted great interest in pattern recognition recently. Despite their empirical success, few theoretical results are reported to justify their effectiveness. In this paper, we establish the theoretical guarantees for a general unified framework termed as atomic representation-based classification (ARC), which includes most RC methods as special cases. We introduce a new condition called atomic classification condition (ACC), which reveals important geometric insights for the theory of ARC. We show that under such condition ARC is provably effective in correctly recognizing any new test sample, even corrupted with noise. Our theoretical analysis significantly broadens the range of conditions under which RC methods succeed for classification in the following two aspects: (1) prior theoretical advances of RC are mainly concerned with the single SRC method while our theory can apply to the general unified ARC framework, including SRC and many other RC methods; and (2) previous works are confined to the analysis of noiseless test data while we provide theoretical guarantees for ARC using both noiseless and noisy test data. Numerical results are provided to validate and complement our theoretical analysis of ARC and its important special cases for both noiseless and noisy test data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Global models for the dynamics of coupled fluid compartments of the central nervous system (CNS) require simplified representations of the individual components which are both accurate and computationally efficient. This paper presents a one-dimensional model for computing the flow of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within the spinal subarachnoid space (SSAS) under the simplifying assumption that it consists of two coaxial tubes representing the spinal cord and the dura. A rigorous analysis of the first-order nonlinear system demonstrates that the system is elliptic-hyperbolic, and hence ill-posed, for some values of parameters, being hyperbolic otherwise. In addition, the system cannot be written in conservation-law form, and thus, an appropriate numerical approach is required, namely the path conservative approach. The designed computational algorithm is shown to be second-order accurate in both space and time, capable of handling strongly nonlinear discontinuities, and a method of coupling it with an unsteady inflow condition is presented. Such an approach is sufficiently rapid to be integrated into a global, closed-loop model for computing the dynamics of coupled fluid compartments of the CNS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper addresses the dispatching problem faced by an urban consolidation center. The center receives orders according to a stochastic arrival process and dispatches them in batches for the last-mile distribution. The operator of the center aims to find the cost-minimizing consolidation policy, depending on the orders at hand, preannounced orders, and stochastic arrivals. We present this problem as a variant of the delivery dispatching problem that includes dispatch windows and define a corresponding Markov decision model. Larger instances of the problem suffer from intractably large state-, outcome-, and action spaces. We propose an approximate dynamic programming (ADP) algorithm that can handle such instances, using a linear value function approximation to estimate the downstream costs. To design the value function approximation, we construct various sets of basis functions, numerically evaluate their suitability, and discuss the properties of good basis functions for the dispatching problem. Numerical experiments on toy-sized instances show that the best set of basis functions approximates the optimal values with an error of less than 3%. To cope with large action spaces, we formulate an integer linear program to be used within our ADP algorithm. We evaluate the performance of ADP policies against four benchmark policies: two heuristic policies, a direct cost minimization policy, and a post-decision rollout policy. We test the performance of ADP on a variety of networks. ADP consistently outperforms the benchmark policies, performing particularly well when there is sufficient flexibility in dispatch times. The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/trsc.2017.0773. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Since Compton cameras were introduced in the use of single photon emission computed tomography, various types of conical Radon transforms, which integrate the emission distribution over circular cones, have been studied. Most of previous works did not address the attenuation factor, which may lead to significant degradation of image quality. In this paper, we consider the problem of recovering an unknown function from conical projections affected by a known constant attenuation coefficient called an attenuated conical Radon transform. In the case of a fixed opening angle and vertical central axis, new explicit inversion formula is derived. Two‐dimensional numerical simulations were performed to demonstrate the efficiency of the suggested algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper defines the self-covariance property for the solutions of transferable utility cooperative games (TU-games) as a weakening of their covariance. Self-covariant solutions are positively homogenous and satisfy a "restricted" translation covariance so that feasible shifts are only the solution vectors themselves and their multipliers. A description of all non-empty, single-valued, efficient, anonymous, weakly and self-covariant solutions in the class of twoplayer TU-games is given. As demonstrated below, among them there exist just three solutions admitting consistent extensions in the Davis-Maschler sense. They are the equal share solution, the standard solution, and the constrained egalitarian solution for superadditive two-player TUgames. For the third solution mentioned, characterizations of some consistent extensions to the class of all TU-games are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • A comprehensive and discussion of the pros and cons of the different approaches to deal with frame conditions in behavioral verification of UML/OCL models. • A description of conceptual ideas how to integrate frame conditions given by modifies only statements into a symbolic formulation as well as a precise SMT-LIB realization. • An evaluation of the actual implementation including a comparison with other approaches. Abstract Validation and verification of UML/OCL models is a crucial task in the design of complex software/hardware systems. The behavior in those models is expressed in terms of operations with pre- and postconditions. These, however, are often not precise enough to describe what may or may not be modified in a transition between two system states. This frame problem is commonly addressed by providing additional constraints in terms of so-called frame conditions and has already been considered in different research areas in the last decades—except for UML/OCL where corresponding approaches have been investigated only recently. Among these, the so-called modifies only statements constitute a very promising concept which is complementary to all other approaches. More precisely, instead of allowing arbitrary modifications in principle and prohibiting certain undesired behavior, the statements explicitly describe what is allowed to change. However, this approach to frame conditions has not been considered so far in any of the numerous approaches for the automatic validation and verification of the behavior in UML/OCL models that have been proposed in the last years. Most of these approaches rely on a symbolic formulation of all possible system states and transitions between them. Therefore, in this paper we explain how modifies only statements can be integrated into an existing symbolic formulation. Based on this, we evaluate the applicability of the presented concept and compare it to previous implementations of frame conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we present an interior point method for nonlinear programming that avoids the use of penalty function or filter. We use an adaptively perturbed primal dual interior point framework to computer trial steps and a central path technique is used to keep the iterate bounded away from 0 and not to deviate too much from the central path. A trust-funnel-like strategy is adopted to drive convergence. We also use second-order correction (SOC) steps to achieve fast local convergence by avoiding Maratos effect. Furthermore, the presented algorithm can avoid the blocking effect. It also does not suffer the blocking of productive steps that other trust-funnel-like algorithm may suffer. We show that, under second-order sufficient conditions and strict complementarity, the full Newton step (combined with an SOC step) will be accepted by the algorithm near the solution, and hence the algorithm is superlinearly local convergent. Numerical experiments results, which are encouraging, are reported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The minimax concave penalty (MCP) has been demonstrated theoretically and practically to be effective in nonconvex penalization for variable selection and parameter estimation. In this paper, we develop an efficient alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) with continuation algorithm for solving the MCP-penalized least squares problem in high dimensions. Under some mild conditions, we study the convergence properties and the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) optimality conditions of the proposed method. A high-dimensional BIC is developed to select the optimal tuning parameters. Simulations and a real data example are presented to illustrate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a surrogate‐based iterative importance sampling (IS) method is proposed to efficiently evaluate failure probability (FP) of engineering structures. The surrogate is constructed by the training points centered at the most probable failure point (MPP), which is estimated by an approximate algorithm without any additional evaluations of the real limit state function (LSF), and the IS method using the estimated MPP is further obtained; and an iterative procedure combined with the surrogate and the IS method is finally proposed to improve the accuracy of the estimated result for the FP. Three numerical examples are employed to demonstrate the accuracy of the proposed method, and further, an inside flap of an aircraft is employed to demonstrate the practical application of the proposed method in engineering problems. The results show that the reasonable estimated result of the FP within the range of 10−3‐10−5 can be evaluated by the proposed method with only hundreds of the evaluations of the real LSF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Total variation (TV) based models have been used widely in multiplicative denoising problem. However, these models are always accompanied by an unsatisfactory effect named staircase due to the property of BV space. In this paper, we present two high-order variational models based on total generalized variation (TGV) for two kinds of multiplicative noises. The proposed models reduce the staircase while preserving the edges. In the meantime we develop an efficient algorithm which is called Prediction-Correction proximal alternative direction method of multipliers (PADMM) to solve our models. Moreover, we show the convergence of our algorithm under certain conditions. Numerical experiments demonstrate that our high-order models outperform the classical TV-based models in PSNR and SSIM values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Domain of attraction plays an important role in stability analysis and safety verification of nonlinear control systems. In this paper, based on the concept of multiple Lyapunov‐like functions, we propose iteration algorithms for computing inner estimates of domains of attraction for a class of switched hybrid systems, where the state space is composed of several regions and each region is described by polyhedral sets. Starting with an initial inner estimate of domain of attraction, we firstly present a theoretical framework for obtaining a larger inner estimate by iteratively computing multiple Lyapunov‐like functions. Successively, the theoretical framework is underapproximatively realized by using S‐procedure and sums of squares programming, associated with the coordinatewise iteration method. Afterwards, for obtaining a required initial inner estimate of domain of attraction, we propose an alternative higher‐order truncation and linear semidefinite programming based method for computing a common Lyapunov function. Especially, a bisection method based improvement is proposed for obtaining better estimates in each iteration step. Finally, we implement proposed algorithms and test them on numerical examples with comparisons. These computation and comparison results show that the advantages of our multiple Lyapunov‐like functions based algorithm. Especially, we provide alternative underapproximations for avoiding the possible numerical problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • A combined model is proposed for multi-step ahead wind speed forecasting. • Data preprocessing technology is introduced to improve the forecasting performance. • Quasi-Newton algorithm is used to increase the particle diversity of water cycle algorithm. • The accuracy and stability of wind speed forecasting are improved simultaneously. • The simulation results are validated well in China. Abstract Owing to the complexity and uncertainty of wind speed, accurate wind speed prediction has become a highly anticipated and challenging problem in recent years. Researchers have conducted numerous studies on wind speed prediction theory and practice; however, research on multi-step wind speed prediction remains scarce, which hinders further development in this area. To improve upon the accuracy and stability of multi-step wind speed prediction, this paper proposes a combination model based on a data preprocessing strategy, an improved optimization model, a no negative constraint theory, and several single prediction models. To improve upon forecasting performance, an improved water cycle algorithm based on a quasi-Newton algorithm is proposed to optimize the weight coefficients of the single models. In the empirical research, 10-min and 30-min wind speed data from Shandong Province in China, collected for case studies, were used to assess the comprehensive performance of the proposed combination model. Finally, we used 10-fold cross-validation and multiple error criteria to evaluate the comprehensive performance of the proposed combination model. The simulation results indicate that (a) the quasi-Newton algorithm can effectively increase the diversity of the water cycle algorithm particles, resulting in improved water cycle algorithm optimization performance; (b) the combination model exhibits superior predictive performance to a single model by taking advantage of each single model; and (c) the proposed combination model can effectively improve multi-step wind speed prediction results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The solution of discrete ill-posed problems has been a subject of research for many years. Among the many methods described in the literature, the Bregman algorithm has attracted a great deal attention and been widely investigated. Recently, a nonstationary preconditioned version of this algorithm, referred to as the nonstationary modified linearized Bregman algorithm, was proposed. The aim of this paper is to discuss numerical aspects of this algorithm and to compare computed results with known theoretical properties. We also discuss the effect of several parameters required by the algorithm on the computed solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we present a new c-means clustering algorithm for combined continuous-nominal data. We use spherical representation of nominal data. The impact of specific features is modeled with corresponding weights in metric definition. To solve constrained minimization problem we transfer the methodology of reformulation functions to the considered context. As a result we obtain a clustering algorithm with adaptation of weights. Series of numerical experiments on real and synthetic data show that the algorithm can successfully cluster raw, non-normalized data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We give a constant factor approximation algorithm for the Asymmetric Traveling Salesman Problem on shortest path metrics of directed graphs with two different edge weights. For the case of unit edge weights, the first constant factor approximation was given recently by Svensson. This was accomplished by introducing an easier problem called Local-Connectivity ATSP and showing that a good solution to this problem can be used to obtain a constant factor approximation for ATSP. In this paper, we solve Local-Connectivity ATSP for two different edge weights. The solution is based on a flow decomposition theorem for solutions of the Held-Karp relaxation, which may be of independent interest. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The results of testing formula simplification tools are presented in the first part of this paper. In the second part, an algorithm for constructing canonical forms of linear semi-algebraic formulas is described. The main result of the study is the definition of the canonical form of a linear semi-algebraic formula that has the property of uniqueness and other useful properties. An algorithm for constructing such a formula is described. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, new algorithms are proposed to solve operator inclusion problems with maximal monotone operators acting in a Hilbert space. The algorithms are based on inertial extrapolation and three well-known methods: Tseng forward-backward splitting and two hybrid algorithms for approximation of fixed points of nonexpansive operators. Theorems about strong convergence of the sequences generated by the algorithms are proved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]