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This paper analyses aspects of the U.S. and Brazilian foreign policy. Some events relate actions linked to the political realism school and others embraced in the interdependence and globalization views. This paper explores the historical environment where the United States and Brazil followed different paradigmatic political approaches to gain access to the hemispheric market. Defence policies evolved gradually from realism into interdependence and gradually into the globalization approach. This last view gained momentum in American, while Brazil encouraged other IR views like militarisms and the sphere of influence to gain pre-eminence in the neighbour trading countries, favouring market access to multinational corporations and increasing direct foreign investment within the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents a general analysis of the relations among United States and Latin America considering issues such as the questioning of the US centrality globally and in the hemisphere, Brazil's policies to the region and the impact of the growing relations with China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper submits to critique the Brazilian proposal to create a new paradigm for international cooperation from its role in MINUSTAH. We compare some aspects of Brazilian projects in Haiti with U.S. projects. We analyzed documents of the Brazilian Cooperation Agency (ABC) and United States Agency for International Development (USAID). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This 'country study' analyses substantial samples of research papers by Brazilian authors drawn from two global databases. The approach and the findings may each be of interest. Our approach is to examine R&D outputs through bibliometrics (to identify key authors, institutions, journals, etc.) and text mining with taxonomy generation (to identify pervasive research thrusts). We extend prior country studies by providing for interactive data access and exploring military-relevant R&D information. The resulting publication activity profiles provide insight on Brazilian R&D strengths and investment strategies, and help identify opportunities for collaboration. Brazil, a nation of 190 million, evidences a substantial research enterprise, with major capabilities in the life and biomedical sciences, as well as the physical sciences. We benchmark research patterns and trends against several other countries. We find a large measure of international collaboration, particularly with the USA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Initiatives concerning the development of Green Chemistry began in the early 1999, mainly in the United States, Britain and Italy, with the introduction of new concepts and values for the various fundamental activities of Chemistry, as well as for different sectors of correlated industrial and economic activities. Brazil has several competitive advantages to assume a leadership in developing products from biomass, given its megabiodiversity, its solar radiation intensity and climate diversity. Additionally, the country is pioneer in biofuels production from biomass in large scale, especially ethanol from sugarcane. In fact, several opportunities of green innovations by adding value to raw materials have been identified for the country. These opportunities when implemented will contribute to a significant change - from a commodity export economy to an innovative market oriented economy based on high-value bioproducts and bioprocesses - the bioeconomy. In this context, this paper presents a future vision for the development of Green Chemistry in Brazil and a proposal for creating the Green Chemistry Brazilian Network and the Brazilian School of Green Chemistry, within the context of a national strategy for developing this area in Brazil covering the period of twenty years, from 2010 to 2030. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]