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This paper develops a mathematical model to calculate the average waiting time for passengers transferring from rail transit to buses based on the statistical analysis of primary data collected in Beijing. An important part of the average waiting time modelling is to analyse the distributions of passenger arrival rates. It is shown that the lognormal and gamma distributions have the best fit for direct transfer and non-direct transfer passengers, respectively. Subsequently, an average waiting time model for transferring passengers is developed based on passenger arrival rate distributions. Furthermore, case studies are conducted for two scenarios with real and estimated data, resulting in relative errors of −3.69% and −3.77%, respectively. Finally, the paper analyses the impacts of bus headway, the headway of rail cars, and the proportion of direct transfer passengers on average waiting time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the stochastic concept for freeway capacity, the procedure of capacity estimation is developed. Due to the fact that it is impossible to observe the value of the capacity and to obtain the probability distribution of the capacity, the product-limit method is used in this paper to estimate the capacity. In order to implement estimation of capacity using this technology, the lifetime table based on statistical methods for lifetime data analysis is introduced and the corresponding procedure is developed. Simulated data based on freeway sections in Beijing, China, were analyzed and the results indicate that the methodology and procedure are applicable and validated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: This paper is concerned with vertical distributions of mean wind speed and atmospheric turbulence characteristics over a typical urban area. The wind data were measured from more than 30 anemometers installed at 15 different height levels on the 325m high Beijing Meteorological Tower during numerous windstorms. Profiles of mean wind speed are presented based on the field measurements and are compared with empirical models’ predictions. Aerodynamic parameters of atmospheric boundary layer are determined from the measured wind speed profiles. Furthermore, wind velocity data in longitudinal, lateral and vertical directions, which were recorded by ultrasonic anemometers at three height levels during windstorms, are analyzed and discussed. Atmospheric turbulence information such as turbulence intensity, gust factor, turbulence integral length scale and power spectral densities of the three-dimensional fluctuating wind velocity are presented and used to evaluate the adequacy of the existing theoretical and empirical models. A comparative study between the measured profiles of turbulence parameters and those estimated by and is performed. The objective of this study aims to provide useful information on boundary layer wind characteristics for the wind-resistant design of tall buildings and high-rise structures in urban areas. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

In this paper, we applied a fractal approach to analyze the traffic data collected from the Beijing Yuquanying. The power spectrum, the empirical probability distribution function, the statistical moment scaling function and the autocorrelation function are used as indicators to investigate the presence of the fractal. The results from the fractal identification methods indicate that these data exhibit fractal behavior. A fractal framework seemed well suited for description of the data observed here, but its suitability for general traffic systems was not clear. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]