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In recent times, the virtual power plant (VPP) is gaining more attention in power system engineering due to its tremendous potential in enhancing sustainable urbanism, in which, it supplies clean energy from distributed generators. Electricity is deemed a basic requirement for future automotive and ultra-modern technologies. The deficiency of traditional energy resources and their complex generation process make the production cost of electricity increase dramatically. Moreover, traditional power distribution systems are encountering issues in distributing electrical energy to fulfill customer demands. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel power management system named 'the hybrid genetic local binary knowledge (HGLBK) algorithm' to manage power distribution in the transmission lines and to optimize the total operation cost of the network. The hybrid optimization algorithm effectively controls the load by supplying the surplus power load to the adjacent feeders thereby optimally selecting and placing the distributed energy resource (DER). The proposed concept is implemented at Kayathar, Tamil Nadu in India, and their real-time data are utilized for modeling the VPP. The proposed VPP concept is implemented in the IEEE-9 bus system and the performance of VPP is simulated using the MATLAB software. The performance of the proposed HGLBK algorithm is assessed by comparing its effectiveness with the existing approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In India, apart from state owned generators, a central sector power pool has been created consisting of central sector power stations. The Central Transmission Utility (CTU) has built an EHV network to transfer this power to the constituents of the regional network. To recover the costs incurred, the CTU levies the Transmission Service Charges (TSC) over the constituents. The constituents are billed for network usage charges which are proportional to their allocated share in the central sector power generation. An ideal pricing mechanism would have been to find out the usage of the network by the constituents and charge accordingly. In this paper, a real power tracing based method for recovery of Transmission Service Charge (TSC) from the constituents of Western regional grid in India is proposed. The method uses proportionality based real power tracing to find out the network usage by various constituents. Loss allocation on EHV network to the various constituents is also done. Actual data of power flows over the EHV network of Western regional grid for one day is considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]