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Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the barriers to including sustainability in management education institutions (MEIs) in India, and subsequently, to analyze the structure of the causal relationships among the barriers. Design/methodology/approach: In this study, the decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory methodology are applied to analyze the structure of the causal relationships among the identified sustainability barriers. Findings: Through an extensive literature review and expert interviews, this paper identified 4 primary barriers and 46 sub-barriers. Encompassing sustainability in Indian MEIs results in changes in behavior involving increased respect for the environment, hence, leading to improved sustainable efficiency. Research limitations/implications: The present study is limited to MEIs in India. Practical implications: The inclusion of sustainability in MEIs equips future managers with the economic, ecological and technical knowledge required to demonstrate sustainable behavior in the workplace. It assists also equips managers with the ability to affect social change at an organizational level. MEIs has been acknowledged as playing a crucial role in societal transformations, including the need for transformation toward sustainability. Originality/value: The present study adds to the current knowledge base regarding the structure of the causal relationships among the identified sustainability barriers. To the author's knowledge, this is the first paper to identify such barriers to including sustainability in an Indian MEI context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Depleting timber resources has generated interest in bamboo, a traditional sustainable building material of the tropics. However, dearth of strength data has been a major hindrance in its engineered application. The present paper reports experimentally verified compressive and cleavage strengths of an Indian bamboo species that is considered suitable for structural applications. The investigated compressive strength is well comparable with that of equivalent timber. The paper reports lesser strength of split bamboo specimens than round ones, which contradicts the provisions of some codes. The paper also observes that compressive strength of bamboo generally increases along its culm length, gradually from bottom to top. The paper further identifies a factor, which when multiplied by the density of a given specimen, yields corresponding permissible compressive strength. Low values of coefficients of variation and skewness of the experimental data indicate its reliability. This paper may be considered as a step towards engineered application of bamboo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inverted pendulum-like structures such as elevated tanks are not only subjected to overturning moments from lateral seismic forces, but also from P-Δ effect which originates due to gradual shifting of line of actions of gravity loads due to largely increasing inelastic displacements, causing progressive increase in the tendency of overturning in the inelastic range. The response reduction factors are prescribed in the code to limit the inelastic displacement demands of the structures depending on their ductility capacities. In this context, the present study investigates the influence of P-Δ effect on elevated tanks. The study attempts to propose a simple enough mathematical model to assess the comparative difference in lateral displacement and overturning moment due to consideration of progressive P-Δ effect with and without computed through nonlinear response history analysis. Two typical hysteresis behaviors, namely, elastoplastic and strength and stiffness degrading ones, are chosen to represent the seismic behavior of typical steel frame and reinforced concrete frame structures. The study may provide useful input towards developing refined guidelines for performance-based seismic design of elevated tanks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Musi River, in Hyderabad, the capital city of Andhra Pradesh state in India, is relatively dry for most of the year except for the four monsoon months when 700–800 mm of rain falls. Throughout the year, sewage, industrial, and hospital waste is released into the river. In the present work the Musi River from Amberpet Bridge to Nallacheruvu (8 km stretch) was assessed and monitored for heavy metal contamination attributable to sewage and industrial effluents. Twelve locations were assessed for Zn, Cr, Cu, Ni, Co, As, Hg, Cd, and Pb in soils, waters, forage grass, milk, and vegetables. A sequential extraction scheme revealed that high levels of Zn, Cr, and Cu were associated with labile fractions, making them more mobile and phytoavailable. Human risk was assessed in people exposed to pollution by analyzing metals concentrations in venous blood and urine. Results showed high amounts of Pb, Zn, Cr, and Ni compared to permissible limits, attributable to the consumption of contaminated food. Metals concentrations were monitored systematically to assess risks and support management decisions to help curtail the possible entry of metals into human food chains. An assessment was also made of a possible analysis of a remediation technology for lead-contaminated soils and water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the Indian concept of national security. India's concept of national security has always involved far more than national defense and military force. The Indian concept of security includes the preservation and perpetuation of certain core values fundamental to the Indian national state. Only through the adoption and pursuit of such concepts has India been able to keep internal dissonance within reasonable limits and to absorb communism into a democratic framework. Today India faces an extensive defense and security perimeter with countries hostile toward India. India's defense perimeter spans some of the world's most difficult terrain, stretching as it does from the Himalayas to the north, the mountainous tropical jungles in the east, the deserts and marshes to the west, and to the many densely populated areas of the borders. Relations with China comprise a major concern to India. Situations forces India to maintain a substantial number of mountain troops to guard the borders. Of more specific concern to India has been the past misperception by Pakistan that bold military adventure based on qualitatively superior weapons systems could achieve objectives otherwise unattainable.

Many highly populated and important cities of India are situated in the Ganges basin. Deep alluvium deposit of this basin enhances the earthquake vulnerability of these cities due to amplification of seismic energies in the case of an earthquake. Raft foundations are generally provided for critical facility buildings due to their perceived effectiveness against differential settlement during earthquakes. However, the literature available on seismic behaviour of buildings with raft foundation considering soil deformability is relatively limited. In this context, a full three-dimensional finite element model of a four-storeyed building with raft foundation considering the typical layered soil profile of the Ganges basin has been developed in this study. The effects of different seismic parameters on the structural responses and moments induced in the raft have been studied with ground motions from 10 different earthquakes. Since the alluvium deposit of the Ganges basin is prone to get liquefied, effects of liquefaction of soil on the building with raft foundation have been considered simplistically. The results show that the raft foundation reduces the lateral displacement of the structure considerably. However, an increase in the vertical settlement of the raft in case of liquefiable soil is a matter of concern. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]