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This paper is concerned with the existence and uniqueness of positive solution for tensor equations. Under suitable assumptions, we show that the concerned tensor equations have a unique positive solution. In particular, we show that our main result includes the existing result in literature as its special case. Finally, we illustrate one example to verify the obtained results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Genetic heterogeneity poses a great challenge to the understanding and management of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Knowledge of the IKZF1 mutation in AML specifically is extremely limited. In a previous work, we described the distribution pattern of IKZF1 mutation in AML, but its clinical impact has remained undefined due to the limited number of cases. Herein, we attempt to answer this question in one relatively large cohort covering 522 newly diagnosed AML patients. A total of 26 IKZF1 mutations were found in 20 AML patients (20/522, 3.83%). This condition has a young median age of onset of morbidity (P = 0.032). The baseline characteristics of IKZF1-mutated and wild-type patients were comparable. IKZF1 mutation showed significant co-occurrences with CEBPA (P < 0.001), SF3B1 (P < 0.001), and CSF3R (P = 0.005) mutations, and it was mutually exclusive with NPM1 mutation (P = 0.033). Although IKZF1-mutated AML was more preferably classified into the intermediate-risk group (P = 0.004), it showed one inferior complete remission rate (P = 0.032). AML with high burden of IKZF1 mutation (variant allele frequency > 0.20) showed relatively short overall survival period (P = 0.012), and it was an independent factor for the increased risk of death (hazard ratio, 6.101; 95% CI 2.278–16.335; P = 0.0003). In subgroup analysis, our results showed that IKZF1 mutation conferred poor therapeutic response and prognosis for SF3B1-mutated AML (P = 0.0017). We believe this work improves our knowledge of IKZF1 mutation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we price the vulnerable option under the assumption that both underlying and counterparty asset price follow correlated jump diffusion processes. By the two-dimensional Itô-Doeblin formula, we initially derive a partial integro-differential equation (PIDE) satisfied by the price of the vulnerable option with flexible jumps. Then, the double Mellin transform converts the PIDE into an ordinary differential equation (ODE), which possesses an explicit solution. Further, the inverse Mellin transform of the explicit solution to the ODE turns out to be a rigorous solution to the PIDE for vulnerable option. Finally, by carrying out some numerical experiments, we demonstrate that the PIDE's solution produces price with a convincing degree of precision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: A novel numerical simulation method for the shaping of an excimer laser beam by an acoustic grating is proposed. Partially coherent theory and extended Huygens–Fresnel principle are used to analyze the light intensity diffraction pattern. Fast Fourier transform function FFT in the Matlab is used to calculate the numerical integral, which makes the integral operation simple and efficient. It is shown by a numerical simulation that the output intensity distribution is closely related to the coherence width, Raman–Nath comprehensive parameter, diffraction distance and ultrasonic wave frequency. The simulation results show that a flat top beam can be obtained by controlling these parameters. On the other hand, the results are used as an effective analytic tool for the determination of the design parameters of acousto-optic modulator. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Highlights: [•] Very efficient enzymatic decolorization for anthraquinone and triphenylmethane dye. [•] Products analysis indicated it is a good alternative for biodegradation of these compounds. [•] No restriction for dye species due to the active oxidants generated online in catalytic cycle. [•] Strong toleration to high saline wastewater was observed ensuring it potential application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A cheap copper-catalyzed ligand-free, regioselective alkene allylic sulfonylation reaction has been efficiently developed employing commercially available α-methylstyrene derivatives and sulfonyl chlorides. This redox-neutral protocol can be easily scale up to a gram scale. [Display omitted] Allyl sulfones are synthesized via Cu-catalyzed ligand-free regioselective sulfonylation reaction from easily obtained α-methylstyrene derivatives and sulfonyl chlorides. This redox-neutral protocol also features a low-cost metal catalyst, broad substrate scope, good functional group tolerance and could be smoothly amplified to a gram scale. The allylic sulfone products can be used in diverse radical coupling reactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It has been reported that dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) inhibition protects against acute lung injury (ALI). Anagliptin is a novel selective inhibitor of DPP4 but its role in ALI has not been studied. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of anagliptin on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced human pulmonary microvascular endothelial cell (HPMVEC) injury, as well as its underlying mechanism. HPMVECs were exposed to LPS in the presence or absence of anagliptin co-treatment. MTT assay was used to evaluate cell viability and nitric oxide (NO) production was detected using a commercial kit. DPP4 and pro-inflammatory cytokine expression levels, apoptosis and migration were assessed via reverse transcription-quantitative PCR, western blotting, TUNEL staining and wound healing assay, respectively. Western blot analysis was performed to assess expression levels of proteins involved in NF-κB signaling, cell apoptosis and migration, as well as high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1)/receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE). LPS decreased cell viability and NO production, but elevated expression of DPP4 in HPMVECs. LPS promoted pro-inflammatory cytokine expression, NF-κB activation and cell apoptosis, but inhibited cell migration and phosphorylated-AKT/endothelial NO synthase expression. Anagliptin co-treatment significantly restored all of these effects. Mechanistically, the upregulation of HMGB1/RAGE expression induced by LPS was markedly blocked by anagliptin. In conclusion, anagliptin alleviated inflammation, apoptosis and endothelial dysfunction in LPS-induced HPMVECs via modulating HMGB1/RAGE expression. These data provide a basis for use of anagliptin in ALI treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Aims: Although recent reports suggest that Toll-like receptor (TLR) 9 is associated with the pathogenesis of polymicrobial septic acute kidney injury (AKI), it is still unclear whether and how renal TLR9 is involved in the development of polymicrobial septic AKI. This study aimed to determine whether the expression of TLR9 in mouse renal cells is related to the development of polymicrobial septic AKI. Methods: The efficacy of small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting TLR9 was tested in a cultured murine macrophage cell line (RAW264.7 cells). The most potent siRNA was transfected into mice using the hydrodynamic method prior to the induction of polymicrobial septic AKI being induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). TLR9 knockdown was determined by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting in RAW264.7 cells and kidney tissues. The levels of serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and the renal histopathology assessment were determined at 6-, 12-, and 24-hour time points after CLP, and renal cell apoptosis was studied at 24 h. The 4- and 7-day survival rates of mice were also observed. Results: We found that mice developed AKI in our model of polymicrobial sepsis, despite fluid and antibiotic resuscitation, which resembles human sepsis. siRNA to TLR9 successfully silenced the induction of renal TLR9 gene and protein expression following CLP. Effective silencing of renal TLR9 expression decreased renal cell apoptosis, mitigated the severity of AKI, and increased the survival of mice. Conclusions: Our data demonstrates the induction of TLR9 expression in mouse kidney tissue following CLP. Renal cell apoptosis and AKI in our model of polymicrobial sepsis are dependent on TLR9. Thus, TLR9 may play a critical role in the pathophysiology of polymicrobial septic AKI. Copyright © 2013 S. Karger AG, Basel [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High-fidelity computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tools, such as the large eddy simulation technique, have become feasible in aiding the field of computational aeroacoustics (CAA) to compute noise on petascale computing platforms. CAA poses significant challenges for researchers because the computational schemes used in the CFD tools should have high accuracy, good spectral resolution, and low dispersion and diffusion errors. A high-order compact finite difference scheme, which is implicit in space, can be used for such simulations because it fulfills the requirements for CAA. Usually, this method is parallelized using a transposition scheme; however, that approach has a high communication overhead. In this paper, we discuss the use of a parallel tridiagonal linear system solver based on the truncated SPIKE algorithm for reducing the communication overhead in our large eddy simulations. We present theoretical performance analysis and report experimental results collected on two parallel computing platforms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A hybrid molecular photovoltaic system, based on fullereneC60and lutein (a natural photosynthetic carotenoid pigment)that are assembled in a phospholipid/alkanethiol bilayer matrix, isdescribed here. The assembly and photoconversion behaviors of sucha system were studied by UV–vis spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry,impedance spectroscopy, photoelectrochemical action spectroscopy,and photocurrent generation. While lutein itself is inefficient ingenerating photocurrent, it can strongly modulate photocurrents producedby fullerenes when coassembled in the lipid bilayer matrix presumablyvia photoinduced electron transfer. Our results thus provide a successfulexample of combining both synthetic and natural photoactive componentsin building molecular photovoltaic systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: In this paper, we present a predictor–corrector smoothing Newton method for solving nonlinear symmetric cone complementarity problems (SCCP) based on the symmetrically perturbed smoothing function. Under a mild assumption, the solution set of the problem concerned is just nonempty, we show that the proposed algorithm is globally and locally quadratic convergent. Also, the algorithm finds a maximally complementary solution to the SCCP. Numerical results for second order cone complementarity problems (SOCCP), a special case of SCCP, show that the proposed algorithm is effective. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Low temperature is one of the most common environmental stresses affecting plant growth and agricultural production. Serine/threonine protein phosphatases 2C (PP2Cs) have been suggested to play an important role in stress signaling. To identify potential new member of the PP2C proteins in maize and investigate its functions for stress responses, the ZmPP2C2 gene, encoding a new PP2C protein from maize roots, was cloned by RT-PCR and RACE-PCR. Its constitutive expression in roots, stems and leaves of maize seedlings was detected by RNA gel blot, and its regulation in response to cold stress was also examined. To further evaluate its function in the cold stress response, we over-expressed the ZmPP2C2 gene in tobacco under the control of the Cauliflower Mosaic Virus (CaMV) 35S promoter, and assessed a series of physiological changes in wild type and transgenic plants under low temperatures. Compared with wild type tobacco under cold stress, plants that over-expressed ZmPP2C2 displayed higher germination speed and rate, higher antioxidant enzyme (SOD, POD, CAT) activities, with lower cold-induced electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents. These results show that over-expression of ZmPP2C2 in tobacco enhanced tolerance to cold stress, suggesting that this new gene, ZmPP2C2, may act as a positive regulator of cold resistance in plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: ZmPP2C (AY621066) is a protein phosphatase type-2c previously isolated from roots of Zea mays (LD9002). In this study, constitutive expression of ZmPP2C in Arabidopsis thaliana under the control of the Cauliflower Mosaic Virus (CaMV) 35S promoter decreased plant tolerance to salt and drought during seed germination and vegetative growth. When growing on media with NaCl or mannitol, the ZmPP2C-overexpressed plants displayed more severe damages, with weaker growth phenotypes corresponding to a series of physiological changes: lower net photosynthesis rate (Pn) and free proline content, higher malondialdehyde (MDA) level, higher relative membrane permeability (RMP), and water loss. Under these stress conditions, they also showed decreased transcription of the stress-related genes RD29A, RD29B, P5CS1, and P5CS2, and ABA-related genes ABI1 and ABI2. Further, the transgenic plants became less sensitive to abscisic acid (ABA). ZmPP2C over-expression significantly attenuated ABA inhibition on seed germination and root growth of the transgenic plants. These results demonstrate that ZmPP2C is involved in plant stress signal transduction, and ZmPP2C gene over-expression in Arabidopsis thaliana may be exploited to study its potential roles in stress-induced signaling pathway. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

[Display omitted] A copper-catalyzed redox-neutral alkene sulfonylation reaction has been developed. This reported protocol can be easily scale up to a gram scale, and smoothly applied to the late-stage modification of several bioactive molecules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we give direct, inverse, and equivalence approximation theorems with unified Ditzian-Totik modulus [image omitted] (0 ≤ λ ≤ 1) for Meyer-Konig and Zeller operators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Monodisperse spheres of silica were uniformly coated with titania through the hydrolysis of titanium alkoxide in order to increase the refractive index of complex submicrospheres and keep their monodispersity as well as their surface morphology. On the basis of the hydrolysis of tetrabutyl orthotitanate (TBOT), a continuous-feeding procedure was used to fabricate 10-nm titania coatings on monodisperse colloidal silica submicrospheres of diameter 200 nm. The TiO2/SiO2 composite spheres were assembled to achieve structures with three-dimensional order by gravity sedimentation and vertical deposition. The complex sphere composition, quality, and morphology were characterized by different techniques. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

For linear combinations of Bernstein–Kantorovich operators Kn, r(f, x), we give an equivalent theorem with ω2rϕλ(f, t). The theorem unites the corresponding results of classical and Ditzian–Totik moduli of smoothness. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

This paper solves the practical consensus tracking control problem for networked Euler–Lagrange (EL) systems using the uncertainty and disturbance estimator (UDE) in combination with the radial basis function (RBF) neural network. An integrated consensus algorithm is proposed for the networked EL systems, where the RBF neural network is first utilized to generate online estimation of the uncertain EL dynamics for enhancing the system adaptability, and then the UDE is applied to compensate external disturbances dynamically for improving the system robustness. Furthermore, a unified analysis framework for the closed-loop control system is established through performing the proper filter design and Lyapunov-like analysis. The proposed consensus tracking algorithm possesses a simple system structure for implementation and has a good robust performance in dealing with both uncertainties and disturbances. Numerical simulations are used to verify the effectiveness of the developed integrated consensus scheme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Provides information on a study of the tabtoxinine-...-lactam (T...L) biosynthetic region of Pseudomonas syrinage pv tabaci BRw.024. Materials and methodology used to conduct the study; Results of the study; Discussion on the results of the study.

Presents information on an experiment where the dapB gene was cloned and sequenced from a tabtoxin-producing bacterium. Description of the experiment; How the gene reacted in the experiment; Information on the results of the experiment; What the results indicated; Detailed information on the experiment.

A novel magnetic dual-template molecularly imprinted polymer (DMIP) was prepared with methyl-parathion and quinalphos as templates. For comparison, a series of single-template polymers with only methyl-parathion (MPMIP) or quinalphos (QPMIP) as template as well as a non-imprinted polymer (NIP) in the absence of the template, were synthesized using the same procedure of DMIP. The obtained MIPs were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The properties including kinetic effect, thermodynamic effect, selectivity, and reusability of MIPs were investigated. Only DMIP possessed high affinity and good recognition for all twelve OPPs including quinalphos, isazophos, chlorpyrifos-methyl, chlorpyrifos, methidathion, triazophos, profenofos, fenthion, fenitrothion, methyl-parathion, parathion, and paraoxon in comparison to MPMIP, QPMIP, or NIP. Moreover, DMIP was used as magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) sorbent for the pre-concentration of twelve OPPs in cabbage samples. The developed DMIP-MSPE-GC-MS method showed high sensitivity, low LODs (1.62–13.9 ng/g), fast adsorption equilibrium (10 min), and acceptable spiked recoveries (81.5–113.4%) with relative standard deviations (RSD) in the range 0.05–7.0% (n = 3). The calibration plots were linear in the range 10–800 ng/mL with coefficients of determination (R2) better 0.99 for all twelve compounds. These results suggest that the DMIP is applicable for rapid determination and high throughput analysis of multi-pesticide residues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• The interactions between Re and Σ5(130) grain boundary in W have been systematically investigated. • GBs are sinks for Re atoms through interstitial or vacancy assisted mechanisms. • Re atoms are more likely to locate at substitutional sites nearby the GB in kinetic segregation process. • Re clusters have strong effect on impeding the plastic deformation of the GBs, and may cause the embrittlement of materials. High energy neutron irradiation not only causes the transmutation of tungsten (W), but also induces transmutation elements to segregate and precipitate at grain boundaries. In this work, the segregation of transmutation-produced rhenium (Re) and their clusters at a Σ5(130) grain boundary (GB) in bulk W has been investigated by using both molecular dynamics and molecular statics methods. It is found that, for single interstitial, Re atom diffuses from the bulk to the GB region via a three-dimensional rotation and migration in the form of an interstitial 〈1 1 1〉 Re-W mixed dumbbell, because the rotation and migration barriers of a Re-W dumbbell are both small. When Re atoms are absorbed by the GB, it is noteworthy that Re atoms tend to occupy the substitutional sites near the GB. The segregation energy of interstitial Re is ranged from −7.67 to −6.12 eV, and the effective interaction distance between the GB and Re interstitials is about 7 Å, which increases with increasing the cluster size. By modeling the uniaxial tensile test of W-GB structure containing Re substitution clusters, the fracture strength and elongation of the GB are significantly reduced. The present results provide important insights into the detailed mechanisms of Re segregation at GBs and its possible effects on the mechanical properties of W-based materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A new pH sensing strategy was developed based on conjugated polymer nanoparticles. • The probe exhibited a rapid, specific and reversible fluorescence response to pH. • The quantification of intracellular pH was achieved based on the probe. Intracellular pH (pH i) is a critical factor that governs many physiological and pathological processes. Accurate measurement and visual imaging of pH i is of importance and in high demand for biological research and clinical diagnosis. In this paper, a novel strategy of pH-dependent disassembly-assembly of conjugated polymer nanoparticles was developed and successfully applied in constructing an efficient fluorescent probe for intracellular pH sensing and imaging. The nanoparticles-based probe (PTNPs) was prepared by reprecipitation method from a polythiophene derivative (PTNEt 2) with diethylamine group on its side chains. As the acidity of system increased, the disassembly of PTNPs took place due to the electrostatic repulsion between protonated PTNEt 2 chains at low pH. Conversely, once the system recovered to weak alkalinity, the dispersed polymer chains reassembled to form nanoparticles owing to their poor water-solubility at high pH. Thus, PTNPs showed a rapid, highly selective and reversible fluorescence response to pH. Besides, the probe exhibited an ideal p Ka value of 5.71, which was suitable for quantification of intracellular pH values with a linearly proportional range of 4.0–8.0. In view of easy modification properties of conjugated polymers, this proposed strategy could offer a general way for quantifying various biological events inside living cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A zinc(II) complex-based selective colorimetric chemosensor for H 2 S was synthesized. The ligand and complex crystals were obtained, and the molecular structures were confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis in addition to electrospray ionization high resolution mass spectrometer, as well as elemental analysis. The photo-physical and recognition properties toward HS− were examined. The complex indicated the presence of HS− with an obvious color change from yellow to red, based on zinc ion displacement mechanism. However no obvious changes were observed in the presence of other anions (AcO−, H 2 PO 4 −, F−, Cl−, Br−, I− and SO 3 2−). In addition, the chemosensor was applied to assess HeLa cell cytotoxicity. Our inorganic-reaction based sensor for HS– is simple, easily prepared and efficient. The complex has many potential chemical and analytical applications for the sensing of H 2 S. • A zinc(II) complex and its crystal were synthesized and obtained. • High selective and obvious color change for H 2 S among anions tested. • Low cytotoxicity to Hela cell at a concentration of 200 g mL−1. • The complex has the potential to detect H 2 S level in cells. A zinc(II) complex–based selective colorimetric chemosensor for H 2 S was synthesized. The ligand and complex crystals were obtained, and the molecular structures were confirmed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis in addition to electrospray ionization high resolution mass spectrometer, as well as elemental analysis. The photo-physical and recognition properties toward HS– were examined. The complex indicated the presence of HS– with an obvious color change from yellow to red, based on zinc ion displacement mechanism. However no obvious changes were observed in the presence of other anions (AcO−, H 2 PO 4 −, F−, Cl−, Br−, I− and SO 3 2−). In addition, the chemosensor was applied to assess HeLa cell cytotoxicity. Our inorganic-reaction based sensor for HS– is simple, easily prepared and efficient. The complex has many potential chemical and analytical applications for the sensing of H 2 S. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Focused cardiac ultrasound (FCU) and lung ultrasound (LU) are increasingly being used in critically ill patients. This study aimed to investigate the effect of FCU in combination with LU on these patients and to determine if the timing of ultrasound examination was associated with treatment change. This is a multicenter cross-sectional observational study. Consecutive patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) were screened for enrollment. FCU and LU were performed within the first 24 h, and treatment change was proposed by the performer based on the ultrasound results and other clinical conditions. Among the 992 patients included, 502 were examined within 6 h of ICU admission (early phase group), and 490 were examined after 6 h of admission (later phase group). The early phase group and the later phase group had similar proportions of treatment change (48.8% vs. 49.0%, χ 2=0.003, P =0.9S6). In the multivariable analysis, admission for respiratory failure was an independent variable associated with treatment change, with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.357 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.284-4.326, P =0.006]; the timing of examination was not associated with treatment change (OR =0.725, 95% CI : 0.407-1.291, P =0.275). FCU in combination with LU, whether performed during the early phase or later phase, had a significant impact on the treatment of critically ill patients. Patients with respiratory failure were more likely to experience treatment change after the ultrasound examination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tensor robust principal component analysis (TRPCA) is a useful approach for obtaining low-rank data corrupted by noise or outliers. However, existing TRPCA methods face certain challenges when it comes to estimating the tensor rank and the sparsity accurately. The commonly used tensor nuclear norm (TNN) may lead to sub-optimal solutions due to the gap between TNN and the tensor rank. Additionally, the ℓ 1 -norm is not an ideal estimation of the ℓ 0 -norm, and solving TNN minimization can be computationally intensive because of the tensor singular value thresholding (t-SVT) scheme. To address these issues, a method called fast correction TNN (FC-TNN) is proposed for TRPCA. In contrast to existing methods, FC-TNN introduces a correction term to bridge the gap between TNN and the tensor rank. Furthermore, a new correction term is employed for the ℓ 1 -norm to achieve the desired solution. To improve computational efficiency, the Chebyshev polynomial approximation (CPA) technique is presented for computing t-SVT without requiring tensor singular value decomposition (t-SVD). The CPA technique is incorporated into the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) algorithm to solve the proposed model effectively. Theoretical analysis demonstrates that FC-TNN offers a lower error bound compared to TNN under certain conditions. Extensive experiments conducted on various tensor-based datasets illustrate that the proposed method outperforms several state-of-the-art methods. • We consider the corrected tensor nuclear norm and l1 norm to solve the tensor recovery problem. • The proposed model is a more general framework, including several current methods as special cases. • A fast ADMM algorithm with chebyshev polynomial approximation technique is proposed. • Numerical experiments conducted on real-word datasets demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radiation-induced "grafting to" method was reported for the first time to modify multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) with good solution processibility through covalently grafting polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) onto MWNTs' side walls under γ-ray irradiation at room temperature. FT-IR, 1H NMR, XPS, TEM, Raman and TG results demonstrated that PVA chains were successfully grafted onto MWNTs, which exhibited excellent dispersibility and stability in aqueous solution. Furthermore, CNTs-based composite membranes were facilely constructed by depositing the modified MWNTs on cellulose acetate (CA) microporous membranes with the assistance of vacuum, which showed great hydrophilicity and underwater superoleophobicity. The obtained composite membranes were used to separate dodecane-in-water emulsions through a cross-flow mode, and exhibited high filtration flux (∼1660 L m−2 h−1 bar−1) and oil-rejection (>99.1%). Moreover, high water flux recovery (>86.5%) and almost constant filtration flux were also obtained after five cycles filtration of engine oil-in-water emulsion through the obtained composite membranes, while the bare CA membrane was completely fouled without any flux. This work shows a facile and effective solution process to modify nanocarbon materials and construct functional carbon-based membranes for diverse applications. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we introduced a new three-parameter probability model called Poisson generalized half logistic (PoiGHL). The new model possesses an increasing, decreasing, unimodal and bathtub failure rates depending on the parameters. The relationship of PoiGHL with the exponentiated Weibull Poisson (EWP), Poisson exponentiated Erlang-truncated exponential (PEETE), and Poisson generalized Gompertz (PGG) model is discussed. We also characterized the PoiGHL sub model, i.e the half logistic Poisson (HLP), based on certain functions of a random variable by truncated moments. Several mathematical and statistical properties of the PoiGHL are investigated such as moments, mean deviations, Bonferroni and Lorenz curves, order statistics, Shannon and Renyi entropy, Kullback-Leibler divergence, moments of residual life, and probability weighted moments. Estimation of the model parameters was achieved by maximum likelihood technique and assessed by simulation studies. The stress-strength analysis was discussed in detail based on maximum likelihood estimation (MLE), we derived the asymptotic confidence interval of R = P (X 1 < X 2) based on the MLEs, and examine by simulation studies. In three applications to real data set PoiGHL provided better fit and outperform some other popular distributions. In the stress-strength parameter estimation PoiGHL model illustrated as a reliable choice in reliability analysis as shown using two real data set. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In the ICU ward, septic cirrhotic patients are susceptible to suffering from sepsis-associated encephalopathy and/or hepatic encephalopathy, which are two common neurological complications in such patients. However, the mutual pathogenesis between sepsis-associated and hepatic encephalopathies remains unclear. We aimed to identify the mutual hub genes, explore effective diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for the two common encephalopathies and provide novel, promising insights into the clinical management of such septic cirrhotic patients. Methods: The precious human post-mortem cerebral tissues were deprived of the GSE135838, GSE57193, and GSE41919 datasets, downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Furthermore, we identified differentially expressed genes and screened hub genes with weighted gene co-expression network analysis. The hub genes were then subjected to Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway functional enrichment analyses, and protein-protein interaction networks were constructed. Receiver operating characteristic curves and correlation analyses were set up for the hub genes. Finally, we explored principal and common signaling pathways by using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis and the association between the hub genes and immune cell subtype distribution by using CIBERSORT algorithm. Results: We identified seven hub genes—GPR4, SOCS3, BAG3, ZFP36, CDKN1A, ADAMTS9, and GADD45B—by using differentially expressed gene analysis and weighted gene co-expression network analysis method. The AUCs of these genes were all greater than 0.7 in the receiver operating characteristic curves analysis. The Gene Set Enrichment Analysis results demonstrated that mutual signaling pathways were mainly enriched in hypoxia and inflammatory response. CIBERSORT indicated that these seven hub genes were closely related to innate and adaptive immune cells. Conclusions: We identified seven hub genes with promising diagnostic value and therapeutic targets in septic cirrhotic patients with sepsis-associated encephalopathy and/or hepatic encephalopathy. Hypoxia, inflammatory, and immunoreaction responses may share the common downstream pathways of the two common encephalopathies, for which earlier recognition and timely intervention are crucial for management of such septic cirrhotic patients in ICU. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Classical swine fever and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome have seriously affected the development of the swine breeding industry in China. Vaccine immunization remains the main way to prevent these infections. The aim of this study was to establish an optimized protocol for vaccine immunization against classical swine fever virus (CSFV) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). Methods: Blood samples were collected from the anterior vena cava of pigs after immunization, and blood indices, secreted levels of specific antibodies and neutralizing antibodies associated with humoral immunity, the proliferation capacity of T lymphocytes as a measure of cellular immunity, and secreted levels of IFN-γ and TNF-α were determined. Results: The results showed that simultaneous immunization against CSFV and PRRSV infections induced strong and specific humoral and T-cellular immune responses, high levels of cytokine IFN-γ secretion and delayed secretion of cytokine TNF-α. Moreover, significantly higher lymphocyte percentages and red blood cell and leukocyte counts were found in the group simultaneously immunized against CSFV and PRRSV. However, no statistically significant differences were observed in hemoglobin values, neutrophil counts, and median cell percentages among the S + PRRS, PRRS-S, and S-PRRS groups. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that simultaneous immunization against CSFV and PRRSV had the advantages of inducing a rapid, enhanced, and long-lasting immune response. These findings provide a theoretical basis for the establishment of a reasonable and optimized vaccine immunization protocol against CSFV and PRRSV in combination with a variety of other vaccine inoculations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fourth-order tensors play a fundamental role in signal processing, wireless communication systems, image processing, data analysis and higher-order statistics. In this paper, we introduce a Z-identity tensor and establish two Z-eigenvalue inclusion sets for fourth-order tensors, which are sharper than some existing results. Numerical examples are proposed to verify the efficiency of the obtained results. As applications, we provide some checkable sufficient conditions for the positive definiteness of fourth-order symmetric tensors. Further, we propose upper bounds on the Z-spectral radius of fourth-order nonnegative tensors and estimate the convergence rate of the greedy rank-one algorithms under suitable conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Madin-Darby canine kidney(MDCK) cells can be used to prepare cell-based influenza vaccines; however, little is known regarding the effect of lncRNA regulatorson tumorigenicity. In the present study, two cell lines with low tumorigenicity were screened from highly tumorigenic MDCK cell lines using monoclonal cell technology. Accordingly, three groups of lncRNAs were extracted from three cell lines and investigated using strand-specific Ribo-Zero RNA sequencing, detecting 1092 known and 619 novel lncRNAs. Moreover, in pairwise comparisons between the libraries of the nominally tumorigenic clones and the highly tumorigenic parent cell line, a total of 344 transcripts were expressed differentially, which were validated by qPCR using six randomly selected lncRNA genes. Furthermore, 63 target genes were identified in the upstream and downstream 100 kb of lncRNAs and their relative functions were analyzed. It was found that ten GO terms and twelve KEGG terms related to tumor by target genes and functional items. Five lncRNA transcripts and the corresponding differentially expressed target genes were used for co-expression network analysis. In addition, certain classical tumor pathways were also activated by target genes, among which, lncRNA MSTRG.1056.2 directly regulates ERBB3 to activate the PI3K-Akt pathway, contributing to tumorigenesis. Consequently, direct evidence was obtained that lncRNA regulates tumorigenesis, and a variety of target genes regulated by lncRNA were elucidated, which may be significant for non-tumorigenic MDCK cells lines acquisition. • Three groups of lncRNAs were extracted from three cell lines and investigated using strand-specific Ribo-Zero RNA sequencing. • 63 target genes were identified and their relative functions were analyzed. • Ten GO terms and twelve KEGG terms related to tumor by functional analysis. • Five lncRNA-genes pairs associated with tumorigenesis in nude mice were obtained. • LncRNA MSTRG.1056.2 directly regulates ERBB3 to activate the PI3K-Akt pathway, contributing to tumorigenesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tungsten (W) and W-based alloys are the leading candidates for plasma-facing materials (PFMs) in future fusion reactors. However, the high energy neutrons generated in fusion reactions not only result in cascade damages but also cause W transmutation. Both the irradiation defects and transmutation products, mainly rhenium (Re), have serious effects on the service behaviors of W PFMs. In this work, we have systematically investigated the interaction between Re and the self-interstitial atoms, self-interstitial clusters and 1/2<111> interstitial dislocation loops in bulk W using molecular dynamics and statics simulations. It is found that there is a strong attractive interaction between an interstitial W atom and a substitutional Re atom, forming a Re–W dumbbell that migrates 3-dimentionally due to the low migration and rotation energies. The small SIA clusters strongly bind with both the substitutional Re atoms and an interstitial Re atom (Re–W mixed dumbbell), thus decreasing the mobility of these clusters. The strong attractive interaction between a Re atom and a 1/2<111> interstitial dislocation loop occurs when the Re atom is located at the core of the loop, and also, their interaction distance along <111> direction is large. The mobility of the 1/2<111> interstitial dislocation loop decreases progressively with increasing Re concentration. • An optimized W–Re empirical potential has been developed. • The interactions between Re and interstitial defects and dislocation loops in W have been systematically investigated. • There is a strong attractive interaction between Re atoms and interstitial-type defects. • The presence of Re atoms reduces the mobility of the self-interstitial clusters and 1/2<111> interstitial dislocation loops. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The beneficial properties of tea polyphenols have been extensively studied; however, less attention has been paid to their effects, especially anti-inflammatory effect during exhaustive exercise. Objective: The present study assessed the potential protective effects of tea polyphenols against the fatigue, inflammation and tissue injury caused by an exhaustive exercise bout in rats. Design: Twenty-four healthy male rats were divided into three groups. Group C was a sedentary control group, Groups E+TP and Group E performed a single exhaustive swimming test; all groups had normal diets, but Group E+TP was supplemented with tea polyphenols. All rats were immediately euthanized after exhaustive exercise, and biochemical and inflammatory parameters, including lactic acid (LA), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH), and creatine kinase (CK) activity levels, were measured. Reverse transcription (RT) and Real-Time PCR was employed to evaluate the mRNA expression of IL-1β in the liver. Results: The results showed a decrease in serum LA levels (22%, p < 0.05) in rats that consumed dietary tea polyphenols. Interestingly, dietary tea polyphenols decreased the serum levels of pro-inflammatory factors (TNF-α: 13%, p < 0.05; IL-1β: 10%, p < 0.05; and IL-6: 48%, p < 0.05) and shifted the serum IL-10/TNF-α ratio to a predominantly anti-inflammatory milieu (0.52 ± 0.07 vs. 0.67 ± 0.10, p < 0.01). Furthermore, the polyphenols effectively inhibited the release of tissue damage markers (CK: 24%, p < 0.05 and LDH: 28%, p < 0.05) in the serum and decreased IL-1β mRNA expression in the liver. Conclusions: This study indicated that tea polyphenols could significantly protect rats from the fatigue, inflammation and tissue damage induced by acute exhaustive exercise. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

• New interatomic potentials of Ta-Ta and W-Ta based on F-S formalism have been developed. • The formation energies of point defects and the non-degenerate core structure of a 1/2 〈1 1 1〉 screw dislocation in Ta bulk are well reproduced. • The developed potentials have high accuracy and good transferbility. • These potentials are applicable for describing the evolution of point defects in Ta and W-Ta alloys. Tungsten (W) and W-based alloys are regarded as the most promising candidates for plasma facing materials (PFMs) in future fusion reactors. In this work, new interatomic potentials for Ta element and W-Ta alloy have been developed based on the Finnis-Sinclair formalism, in combination with our previously developed potential for W. The potential parameters for Ta were determined by fitting to a set of experimental and first-principles data, including lattice constant, cohesive energy, elastic constants, point defects formation energies and Rose's equation of state for the bcc lattice. The W-Ta cross parameters were fitted to the first-principles data of the formation energies and binding energies of Ta atom with different point defects in bulk W. The present potentials not only reproduce some important physical properties of various point defects, but also predict the non-degenerate/compact core structure of the 1/2 〈1 1 1〉 screw dislocation in bulk Ta, which is the same as DFT calculations. The developed potentials were expected to be suitable for atomistic simulations of point defects evolution in Ta and W-Ta binary alloys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cold acclimation is a process used by most temperate plants to cope with freezing stress. In this process, the expression of cold-responsive (COR) genes is activated and the genes undergo physiological changes in response to the exposure to low, non-freezing temperatures and other environmental signals. The C-repeat-binding factors (CBFs) have been demonstrated to regulate the expression of many COR genes. Recent studies have elucidated the molecular mechanisms of how plants transmit cold signals from the plasma membrane to the CBFs and the results have indicated that COR genes are also regulated through CBF-independent pathways. Climate change is expected to have a major impact on cold acclimation and freezing tolerance of plants. However, how climate change affects plant cold acclimation at the molecular level remains unclear. This mini-review focuses on recent advances in cold acclimation in Arabidopsis thaliana and discusses how signaling can be potentially impacted by climate change. Understanding how plants acquire cold acclimation is valuable for the improvement of the freezing tolerance in plants and for predicting the effects of climate change on plant distribution and agricultural yield. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diagnostic value of urinary retinol binding protein (RBP), albumin (ALB) and aquaporin-2 (AQP2) in neonatal hydronephrosis and their relationship with the expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) in the prenatal maternal peripheral blood was investigated. Forty-six child patients with hydronephrosis admitted to Hongqi Hospital Affiliated to Mudanjiang Medical College from December 2016 to November 2017 were selected as the observation group and the control included 46 normal newborn infants. The urinary RBP, ALB, AQP2 and the expression of MCP-1 in the prenatal maternal peripheral blood in the two groups were compared. The diagnostic value of the combination of urinary RBP, ALB and AQP2 for the neonatal hydronephrosis was accessed through the area under curve (AUC). The changes of urinary RBP, ALB and AQP2 of child patients were observed and the correlations between RBP, ALB, AQP2 and MCP-1 were analyzed. The concentrations of RBP and ALB in the observation group were obviously increased compared to those in the control group. The AQP2 concentration in the observation group was lower than that in the control group. In the observation group, the MCP-1 level in the prenatal maternal blood was significantly higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the concentration of RBP and ALB in the child patients were significantly decreased and AQP2 concentration was increased compared with that before treatment (P<0.05). The AUC of the diagnosis combining with RBP, ALB and AQP2 was 0.913. RBP and ALB were positively correlated to MCP-1 in the prenatal maternal peripheral blood and there was a negative correlation between AQP2 and MCP-1 (P<0.05). In conclusion, urinary RBP, ALB and AQP2 can be regarded as markers for the diagnosis of the neonatal hydronephrosis and they are also closely related to the MCP-1 level in the prenatal maternal peripheral blood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

(C and D) PFS and OS of patients with increased mean ctDNA VAF versus patients with no increased mean ctDNA VAF based on pre- and post-treatment ctDNA change, respectively. Twenty-seven patients had pre- and post-treatment plasma-derived ctDNA, and paired baseline BM DNA NGS assessments were included for both concordance analysis and dynamic ctDNA analysis. Three patients with only pre- and post-treatment ctDNA assessments and one patient with only post-treatment ctDNA assessments were used for dynamic ctDNA analysis (Figure 1). [Extracted from the article]

Summary: As reported, SETD2 is recurrently mutated in acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), but knowledge about the specifics is limited. We enrolled 530 consecutive newly diagnosed AML patients in our study, and we analysed the distribution pattern and prognostic role of SETD2 mutation in AML. SETD2 mutation was found to affect 6.3% of AML patients, and it frequently co‐occurred with IDH2, NRAS and CEBPA mutations. SETD2‐mutated patients saw excellent therapeutic responses but failed to gain better survival time than other patients. This could be because of the high recurrence and mortality in SETD2‐mutated patients who have additional mutations, such as NRAS mutation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An efficient three-component reaction of imines, epoxides and carbon monoxide is developed using HCo(CO)4 as in situ generated catalyst from Ph3Si-Co(CO)4 and MeOH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The stability of the (4 × 4) reconstruction is studied on SrTiO3(111) and LaTiO3(111) surfaces by scanning tunneling microscopy. While the reconstruction may effectively compensate the surface polarity, the associated large lattice distortion on SrTiO3 with relatively strong polarity has to be relaxed by extra adsorbates. Alternatively, substituting Sr by La can reduce the polarity and stabilize the clean reconstructed surface. This provides the driving force for La segregating towards the surface during the heteroepitaxy of SrTiO3 on LaTiO3-covered SrTiO3(111), and thus, the interface sharpness will be deteriorated. To improve the quality of heterointerfaces where the surface polarity of substrates tends to be increased by the epitaxial films, the growth kinetics must be optimized to play the major role. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Classical swine fever and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome have seriously affected the development of the swine breeding industry in China. Vaccine immunization remains the main way to prevent these infections. The aim of this study was to establish an optimized protocol for vaccine immunization against classical swine fever virus (CSFV) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). Methods: Blood samples were collected from the anterior vena cava of pigs after immunization, and blood indices, secreted levels of specific antibodies and neutralizing antibodies associated with humoral immunity, the proliferation capacity of T lymphocytes as a measure of cellular immunity, and secreted levels of IFN-γ and TNF-α were determined. Results: The results showed that simultaneous immunization against CSFV and PRRSV infections induced strong and specific humoral and T-cellular immune responses, high levels of cytokine IFN-γ secretion and delayed secretion of cytokine TNF-α. Moreover, significantly higher lymphocyte percentages and red blood cell and leukocyte counts were found in the group simultaneously immunized against CSFV and PRRSV. However, no statistically significant differences were observed in hemoglobin values, neutrophil counts, and median cell percentages among the S + PRRS, PRRS-S, and S-PRRS groups. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that simultaneous immunization against CSFV and PRRSV had the advantages of inducing a rapid, enhanced, and long-lasting immune response. These findings provide a theoretical basis for the establishment of a reasonable and optimized vaccine immunization protocol against CSFV and PRRSV in combination with a variety of other vaccine inoculations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A cationic group has been quantitatively and selectively introduced into C6 position of each glucose units of Curdlan by “Click Chemistry” successfully. The resulting cationic Curdlan-Imidazole-lysine polymers (Cur-6-100Lys) exhibit excellent water solubility. Structure of the Cur-6-100Lys complexes was verified by FTIR and NMR spectroscopic measurements, and analysis of Cur-6-100Lys by GPC, DLS and SEM revealed that they have stoichiometric, nanosized spheroidal structures. Cytotoxicity measurement, electrophoretic mobility shift assay and EGFP-pDNA transfection have been carried out respectively. The results clearly show that Cur-6-100Lys nanocarriers have bound to dsDNA promptly, are less cytotoxic to both 7901 cells and HeLa cells, and are readily able to transport EGFP-pDNA into HepG2 cells. Our studies indicated that Cur-6-100Lys can potentially be used as a versatile nano platform for efficient gene delivery in living cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to characterize the immune response of dendritic cells derived from monocytes (Mo-DCs) in the porcine peripheral blood following infection with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). Viral load assays indicated that PRRSV efficiently infected Mo-DCs but failed to replicate, whereas PRRSV infection of Mo-DCs decreased the expression of SLA-I, SLA-II, CD80 and CD40 compared with those of mock Mo-DCs. Furthermore, we analyzed the cytokine profiles using quantitative RT-PCR and ELISA. Results indicated apparent changes in IL-10 and IL-12 p40 expression but not in IFN-γ and TNF-α among Mo-DCs infected with PRRSV and uninfected Mo-DCs. Additionally, flow cytometry analysis of the altered Mo-DCs together with IL-4 and GM-CSF induction for 7days revealed the typical morphology and phenotype with 91.73% purity before infection with PRRSV. Overall, our data demonstrate that PRRSV impaired the normal antigen presentation of Mo-DCs and led to inadequate adaptive immune response by down-regulating the expression of SLA-I,SLA-II, CD80 and CD40. Enhanced Th2 -type cytokine IL-10 secretion and reduced Th1-type cytokines IL-12p40,IFN-γ and TNF-α secretion results in Th1/Th2 imbalance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Classical swine fever and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome have seriously affected the development of the swine breeding industry in China. Vaccine immunization remains the main way to prevent these infections. The aim of this study was to establish an optimized protocol for vaccine immunization against classical swine fever virus (CSFV) and porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). Methods: Blood samples were collected from the anterior vena cava of pigs after immunization, and blood indices, secreted levels of specific antibodies and neutralizing antibodies associated with humoral immunity, the proliferation capacity of T lymphocytes as a measure of cellular immunity, and secreted levels of IFN-γ and TNF-α were determined. Results: The results showed that simultaneous immunization against CSFV and PRRSV infections induced strong and specific humoral and T-cellular immune responses, high levels of cytokine IFN-γ secretion and delayed secretion of cytokine TNF-α. Moreover, significantly higher lymphocyte percentages and red blood cell and leukocyte counts were found in the group simultaneously immunized against CSFV and PRRSV. However, no statistically significant differences were observed in hemoglobin values, neutrophil counts, and median cell percentages among the S + PRRS, PRRS-S, and S-PRRS groups. Conclusion: This study demonstrated that simultaneous immunization against CSFV and PRRSV had the advantages of inducing a rapid, enhanced, and long-lasting immune response. These findings provide a theoretical basis for the establishment of a reasonable and optimized vaccine immunization protocol against CSFV and PRRSV in combination with a variety of other vaccine inoculations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Precise and efficient inspection of disband defect in sub-mm layers of composite structures is a big challenge for the non-destructive and testing industry. In this work, 16 artificial disbands (flat bottom holes), with different sizes and depths, in carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites were contactless detected using combined laser thermography and laser ultrasonics with optical microphone. The presented laser ultrasonic technique employed a membrane free optical microphone is a contactless and nondestructive technique and shows high detectability for flat bottom holes with deep depth in this preliminary investigation. Sizes and depths of the flat-bottom holes were determined by the presented laser ultrasonics technique. This investigation combined the high detection efficiency of laser thermography and high detection sensitivity of laser ultrasonics with the optical microphone together for the contactless inspection of artificial disbonds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

RNA interference (RNAi) is an evolutionarily conserved gene-silencing phenomenon that shows great promise for developing new therapies. However, the development of small interfering RNA (siRNA)-based therapies need to establish efficient delivery system that silences target genes with siRNA doses that is clinically feasible in humans. Here we report synthesis and in vivo study of a novel PEGylated curdlan-based nanoparticle, designated as 6AC-100PEG, obtained by conjugation of mPEG 2000 to 6-amino-6-deoxy-curdlan. The complex of siRNA/6AC-100PEG showed homogenous nanoparticles with an average diameter of 200 nm. MTT assay indicated that 6AC-100PEG does not have apparent cytotoxicity. Systemic administration of a complex of siapoB/6AC-100PEG significantly reduced the level of apoB mRNA in mouse liver, indicating that 6AC-100PEG can efficiently deliver siRNA to mouse liver and induce RNAi. Administration of siRNA/6AC-100PEG to mouse did not elevate liver enzyme level in the serum, indicating that 6AC-100PEG nanoparticle is a promising in vivo siRNA delivery agent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oliguria is a clinical symptom characterized by decreased urine output, which can occur at any stage of acute kidney injury and also during renal replacement therapy. In some cases, oliguria may resolve with adjustment of blood purification dose or fluid management, while in others, it may suggest a need for further evaluation and intervention. It is important to determine the underlying cause of oliguria during renal replacement therapy and to develop an appropriate treatment plan. This review looks into the mechanisms of urine production to investigate the mechanism of oliguria during renal replacement therapy from two aspects: diminished glomerular filtration rate and tubular abnormalities. The above conditions all implying a renal oxygen supply–demand imbalance, which is the signal of worsening kidney injury. It also proposes a viable clinical pathway for the treatment and management of patients with acute kidney injury receiving renal replacement therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A method to synthesize benzofurylselenocyanates, benzothienylselenocyanates and indolylselenocyanates via electrophilic selenocyanogen cyclization was established. This sequential process was conducted under mild conditions in a short time. This protocol was successfully applied to late‐stage functionalization of bioactive molecules. Notablely, the selenocyanate can be converted into other valuable Se‐containing compounds and showed antitumor activity to human hepatoma cells HepG2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]