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This piece of work is about sampling in Media Studies, particularly in Audience Surveys. It deals with one of the main tools of surveys based on a large media audience in order to prevent researchers to include all the members of the searched population. So the researchers use the sampling technique where a limited number of units are selected to represent the characteristics of all the members of the audience in accordance with the objectives of the study. The researchers must consider the scientific conditions in selecting samples; this is what this paper is trying to explain in providing illustrative examples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paradoxically, while sub-Saharan migration represents only a small fraction of total migrant flows and stocks in Europe, it has become a major topic of public debate. This is perhaps because quantitative data on African migration are quite scarce, so the phenomenon is poorly understood. In response to this knowledge gap, the MAFE project (Migration between Africa and Europe) was set up to collect original quantitative data with the aim of shedding new light on African migration. This article presents the methodology of the MAFE project, whose goal was to produce data for analysis of migration trends, their causes and consequences at micro level. The MAFE project is based on comparable, longitudinal (retrospective), multilevel and multi-topic data concerning three African migration flows (migrants from DR Congo, Ghana and Senegal). A multisite approach is adopted, based on surveys conducted in countries of both origin and destination. Beyond the MAFE project, this article highlights the classic problems encountered by surveys on international migration, and recommends a more (self-)critical approach in this field of research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]