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Objective To investigate tlie current situation of behavioral problems of senior primary school students in Guizhou Province, and to explore the influence of family-related factors on primary school studentsJ behavioral problems. Methods By using the method of multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling, a total of 2 698 subjects were selected from one primary school in each of tliree urban areas with different levels of economic development in Guizhou Province. The parents of primary school students were investigated with self-made questionnaire and Achenbach Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). The 於 test was used to compare the differences, and the logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between family-related factors and pupils' behavior problems. Results The detection rate of behavior problems in senior primary school students was 11,60%, which was 11.79% in boys and 11.40% in girls, respectively, with no significant gender di匸 ference (P>0.05). The detection rate of behavior problems in students of grades 4 to 6 was 13.36%, 12.49%, and 930%, re-spectively, and the difference between grades was statistically significant (P<0.05). The top behavioral problem was obsessive-compulsive behavior (4.92%) and hyperactive behavior (3.44%) in 6-11-year-old boys and girls, respectively. The top behavioral problem was hyperactive behavior (2.66%) and aggressive behavior (15.30%) in 12-16-year-old boys and girls, respectively. The results of Logistic regression analysis showed that parents5 introverted personality, mother5 s poor health status, and motherJ s neglected rearing style were positively correlated with primary school studentsJ behavior problems (OR= 1.52, 1.54, 1.74, and 2.22), while father? s college education, no bad life habits of parents, and father s democratic rearing style were inversely correlated with primary school studentsJ behavior problems (Oi?=0.43, 0.66, 0.64, and 0.59). Conclusion The detection rate of behavioral problems among primary school students in Guizhou Province is still at a high level, which is related to various family factors. Parents should improve their own self-quality and improve the family environment to reduce the occurrence of behavioral problems in primary school students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]