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This paper introduces the concept of proximal (α , F) -contractions in F -metric spaces. We establish novel results concerning the existence and uniqueness of best proximity points for such mappings. The validity of our findings is corroborated through a non-trivial example. Furthermore, we demonstrate the applicability of these results by proving the existence of solutions for Volterra integral equations related to population growth models. This approach not only extends best proximity theory, but also paves the way for further research in applied mathematics and beyond. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the present research work is to investigate the solution of Urysohn integral equation by common fixed point result in the setting of complex valued b-metric space. To obtain the objective, we used a generalized rational contraction involving control functions and a pair of self-mappings. In this way, we generalize some well-known results of literature. Some non-trivial examples are also flourished to demonstrate the innovation of our principal result. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the present research article is to solve the system of linear equations using common fixed point theorems in the context of bicomplex valued metric spaces. To obtain our main objective, we introduce generalized contractive conditions in bicomplex valued metric spaces and establish common fixed point theorems for self mappings. We also give a significant example to demonstrate the legitimacy of the given theorems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of this article is to introduce the notion of α , ⊥ F -contraction in the setting of orthogonal F -metric space and present some new fixed point results in such newly introduced space. We also furnish an example to manifest the originality of the obtained results. As application of our foremost result, we look into the solution of a nonlinear fractional differential equation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to introduce the notion of Perov–Ćirić–Prešić-type Θ -contractions and to obtain some generalized fixed point theorems in the setting of vector-valued metric spaces. We derive some fixed point results as consequences of our main results. A nontrivial example is also provided to support the validity of our established results. As an application, we investigate the solution of a semilinear operator system in Banach space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this article is to introduce locally α - ζ -multivalued contraction and rational Ćirić type α - ζ -multivalued contraction in the context of F -metric spaces and prove some endpoint results. We provide a nontrivial example to show the authenticity of our main result. Our results generalize some well-known results of literature. We also present some endpoint results in both graphic F -metric spaces and ordered F -metric spaces. As an application of our main result, we investigate the solution of an integral equation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to utilize complex valued extended b -metric space and obtain common α -fuzzy fixed point theorems under Kannan type contractions. As application, we derive common α -fixed point results for multivalued mappings in the context of complex valued extended b -metric space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main focus of this paper is to solve the Fredholm integral inclusion for L-fuzzy mapping in the setting of complete b-metric spaces. To attain this target, we obtain some common L-fuzzy fixed point results for L-fuzzy mappings under F-contraction and derive the main results of Ahmad et al. [Fuzzy fixed points of fuzzy mappings via F-contractions and an applications, J. Intelligent Fuzzy Syst. 38 (2019), pp. 1–7] and Cosentino et al. [Solvability of integrodifferential problems via fixed point theory in b-metric spaces, Fixed Point Theor. Appl. 70 (2015), pp. 1–15]. To justify the notions and outcomes, we also demonstrate an appropriate example. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to define a rational orbitally (Θ , δ b )-contraction and prove some new results in the context of b -metric spaces. Our results extend, generalize, and unify some known results in the literature. As application of our main result, we investigate the solution of Fredholm integral inclusion. We also provide an example to substantiate the advantage and usefulness of obtained results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of this manuscript is to define the concepts of F-(⋏,h)-contraction and (α , η) -Reich type interpolative contraction in the framework of orthogonal F -metric space and prove some fixed point results. Our primary result serves as a cornerstone, from which established findings in the literature emerge as natural consequences. To enhance the clarity of our novel contributions, we furnish a significant example that not only strengthens the innovative findings but also facilitates a deeper understanding of the established theory. The concluding section of our work is dedicated to the application of these results in establishing the existence and uniqueness of a solution for a fractional differential equation of anomalous diffusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we introduce Reich type contractions and (α , F)-contractions in the class of controlled metric spaces and establish some new related fixed point theorems. Our results are generalizations of some known results of literature. Some examples and certain consequences are given to illustrate significance of presented results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we establish some new fixed point theorems for multivalued mappings in the context of metric spaces. Some special cases are also discussed to derive some well known results of the literature. Finally, one example is also presented to verify the effectiveness and applicability of our main results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this manuscript, we study the existence of common α- fuzzy fixed points for fuzzy mappings via F-contractions on a metric space. We obtain some common fixed points of fuzzy (multivalued) mappings satisfying an F-contraction associated with the σ∞ (Hausdorff) metric. In closing, we provide an application of our results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Jleli and Samet [J. Fixed Point Theory Appl. (2018) 20:128] introduced a new metric space named as F-metric space. They established a new version of the Banach contraction principle in the setting of this generalized metric spaces. The aim of this article is to define rational contraction and obtain some fixed point theorems in the context of F-metric spaces. Our results extend, generalize and unify several known results in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The discovery of bioactive compounds from fungal natural sources holds immense potential for the development of novel therapeutics. The present study investigates the extracts of soil-borne Penicillium notatum and rhizosphere-inhabiting Aspergillus flavus for their antibacterial, antifungal, and cytotoxic potential. Additionally, two compounds were purified using chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques. The results demonstrated that the ethyl acetate fraction of A. flavus exhibited prominent cytotoxic activity against Artemia salina, whereas the ethyl acetate fraction of P. notatum displayed promising antibacterial potential. At dose concentrations of 10, 100, and 1000 µg mL−1, the ethyl acetate fraction of A. flavus showed mortality percentages of 7.6%, 66.4%, and 90%, respectively. The ethyl acetate fraction of P. notatum extract exhibited significant antibacterial activity, forming inhibition zones measuring 41, 38, 34, 34, and 30 mm against B. subtilis, S. flexneri, E. coli, K. pneumoniae, and S. aureus, respectively, at 1000 µg mL−1. At this concentration, inhibition zones of 28, 27, and 15 mm were recorded for P. vulgaris, S. typhi, and X. oryzae. Using bioassay-guided approach, one compound each was purified from the fungal extracts. The initial purification involved mass spectroscopic analysis, followed by structural elucidation using 500 MHz nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Compound 1, derived from A. flavus, was identified as ethyl 2-hydroxy-5,6-dimethyl-4-oxocyclohex-2-ene-1-carboxylate, with a mass of 212, whereas compound 2, isolated from P. notatum, was identified as 3-amino-2-(cyclopenta-2,4-dien-1-ylamino)-8-methoxy-4H-chromen-4-one, with an exact mass of 270. Based on bioassay results, compound 1 was subjected to brine shrimp lethality assay and compound 2 was tested for its antibacterial potential. Compound 1 exhibited 30% lethality against brine shrimp larvae at a concentration of 100 µg mL−1, whereas at 1000 µg mL−1 the mortality increased to 70%. Compound 2 displayed notable antibacterial potential, forming inhibition zones of 30, 24, 19, and 12 mm against S. aureus, E. coli, B. subtilis, and S. flexneri, respectively. In comparison, the standard antibiotic tetracycline produced inhibition zones of 18, 18, 15, and 10 mm against the respective bacterial strains at the same concentration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this research article is to point out some fallacies in the statements of the main results of Rao et al. [Bull. Maths. Stat. Res] and Berrah et al. [AIMS Mathematics, 4(3)(2023), 1019{1033] and give a genuine contractive condition in the framework of complex valued b-metric spaces. We also introduce interpolative rational contractions in complex valued b-metric spaces and prove some fixed point results for such contractions. A non-trivial example is also provided to demonstrate the validity of obtained theorems. As an application, we investigate the existence of solutions for integral equations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we obtain the common fuzzy fixed points of fuzzy mappings satisfying Θ-contraction in a metric space. In the process, we generalize several well known recent and classical results. Finally, we provide an example and application to theoretical computer science to show the significance of the investigation of this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to introduce α-generalized multi-valued contractions in cone metric spaces over Banach Algebras with solid cones and show the existence of fixed points of these contractions in this context. Our results generalize and extend several known results in metric and cone metric spaces given by some authors. Also, we give one example to illustrate significance of the main result in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to obtain some common α-fuzzy fixed point theorems under generalized Θ-contraction in the setting of complete metric space. In this way, we generalize various results of literature including the main result of Hancer et al. (Fixed Point Theory, 18 (2017), 229-236). We also provide an example to show the significance of the results investigated in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this article is to obtain common fixed points of set mappings defined on a family of sets endowed with a graph satisfying Θ-contraction. Our results generalize and extend various results in the existing literature. We also provide some non trivial examples to support the validity of our main results. Some applications to the construction of common fixed points of set mappings in ε-chainable metric space are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Motivated by the recent work of Liu and Xu, we establish a generalized fixed point theorem for multivalued mapping in the setting of G-cone metric spaces over Banach algebra without assuming the normality of the underlying cone. Our results generalize and extend some known results of G-metric and G-cone metric spaces. An example and certain consequences are presented to illustrate significance of proved results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this article is to study the cone b-metric spaces over Banach Algebra with solid cones and establish some fixed points of multivalued mappings in this setting. Our results generalize and extend several known results of metric, cone metric and cone b-metric spaces. An example and certain consequences are presented to illustrate significance of established results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to establish some existence theorems for coupled fixed points ofϴ-type contractive operator in metric spaces endowed with a directed graph. Our results unify, generalize and extend various results related with G-contraction for a directed graph G. We also provide an application to some nonlinear integral system equations to support the results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this article is to establish the existence of common fixed points of multivalued-contraction mappings on a metric space endowed with a graph. Presented theorems are generalizations of recent fixed point theorems due to Hussain et al. [Fixed Point Theory and Applications (2015)2015:185]. An example is also given to support our generalized result. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this article is to introduce new family of functions M(S; T) and N(S; T) and obtain some new common fixed point theorems in the context of multiplicative metric spaces. The established results carry some well known results from the literature to multiplicative metric space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to introduce cyclic compatible Θ-contraction and establish some common fixed point theorems in the setting of a generating space of a b-quasi-metric family. We also apply a simple condition on the function Θ to extend the result of Samet et al. (J. Inequal. Appl. 2014; 38(2014)). With this condition, we also prove a fixed point theorem for Suzuki type Θ-contractions which generalize various results of literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this article is to study JS-contractions and to establish some new common fixed point theorems for these contractions in the setup of complete metric spaces. Presented theorems are generalizations of recent fixed point theorems due to Hussain et al. [Fixed Point Theory and Applications (2015) 2015:185]. An example is also given to support our generalized result. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Remarkable feature of contractions is associated with the concept Mizoguchi-Takahashi function. For the purpose of extension and modification of classical ideas related with Mizoguchi-Takahashi contraction, we define generalized Mizoguchi-Takahashi G-contractions and establish some generalized fixed point theorems regarding these contractions in this paper. Some applications to the construction of a fixed point of multivalued mappings in ε-chainable metric space are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we introduce a new type of contraction and prove certain coincidence point theorems which generalize some known results in this area. As an application, we derive some new fixed point theorems for F-contractions. The article also includes an example which shows the validity of our main result and an application in which we prove an existence and uniqueness of a solution for a general class of Fredholm integral equations of the second kind. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, owing to the concept of F-contraction, we define two new classes of functions $M(S,T)$ and $N(S,T)$, and we prove some new fixed point results for single-valued and multivalued mappings in complete metric spaces. Our results extend, generalize and unify several known results in the literature. We include an example to show that the generalization is proper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

GASPIDs (granule associated serine protease of immune defence) are a family of serine proteases intimately involved with the function of the vertebrate immune system. With the availability of a large and growing set of assembled genomes, we undertook an evolutionary analysis to plot the development of this protein family from a single precursor to the modern mammalian cohort of 12 genes, in an attempt to define and systematically classify subgroups or clades within this family, which are implied by the conventional gene designations. We identified a primordial GASPID gene as either GzmA or GzmK in cartilaginous fish and reconstructed an evolutionary path through to humans. Apart from historic value, the current sub-designations (granzymes, mast cell proteases and neutrophil serine proteases) serve no useful purpose and are increasingly misleading. We therefore used our phylogenetic and point mutation analyses to separate GASPIDs into three clades. These could form the basis of a simple nomenclature that allows effective classification of GASPIDs without implying functional roles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We recall the concepts of {α, ξ}-contractive and α-admissible mappings on complete metric spaces to state related fixed point theorems. In this paper, we obtain some fixed point results for {α, ξ}-expansive locally contractive mappings in complete metric spaces. The contractiveness of the mapping is only on a closed ball instead of the whole space. Our results unify, generalize, and complement various well-known comparable results in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to establish certain new fixed point results for multi-valued as well as single-valued maps satisfying an α-ψ-contractive conditions in complete metric space. As an application, we derive some new fixed point theorems for ψ-graphic contractions defined on a metric space endowed with a graph as well as an ordered metric space. The presented results complement and extend some very recent results proved by Asl et al. (Fixed Point Theory Appl. 2012:212, 2012) and Samet et al. (Nonlinear Anal. 75:2154-2165, 2012) as well as other theorems given by Hussain et al. (Fixed Point Theory Appl. 2013:212, 2013). Some comparative examples are constructed which illustrate the superiority of our results to the existing ones in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) are the second most prevalent metal oxide, owing to their characteristics of low cost, safe, and easily prepared. ZnO NPs have been found to exhibit unique properties which show their potential to be used in various therapies. Numerous techniques have been devised for the manufacture of zinc oxide because it is one of the nanomaterials that has received major research interest. Mushroom sources are proven to be efficient, ecologically friendly, inexpensive, and safe for humankind. In the current study, an aqueous fraction of methanolic extract of Lentinula edodes (L. edoes) was used to synthesize ZnO NPs. The biosynthesis of ZnO NPs was achieved by using the reducing and capping capability of an L. edodes aqueous fraction. Bioactive compounds from mushroom, such as flavonoids and polyphenolic compounds, are used in the green synthesis process to biologically reduce metal ions or metal oxides to metal NPs. Biogenically synthesized ZnO NPs were further characterized by using UV–Vis, FTIR, HPLC, XRD, SEM, EDX, zeta sizer and zeta potential analyses. The FTIR showed the functional group at the spectra in the range 3550–3200 cm−1 indicated the presence of the hydroxyl (OH) group, while bands in the range 1720–1706 cm−1 indicated C=O carboxylic stretches bonds. Furthermore, the XRD pattern of ZnO NPs created in the current study was found to be nanocrystals which are hexagonal. The SEM analysis of ZnO NPs showed spherical shapes and size distributions in the range 90–148 nm. Biologically synthesized ZnO NPs have substantial biological activities including antioxidant, antimicrobial, antipyretic, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory potential. Biological activities showed significant antioxidant (65.7 ± 1.09), antidiabetic (85.18 ± 0.48), and anti-inflammatory potential (86.45 ± 0.60) at 300 µg inhibition in paw inflammation of (1.1 ± 0.06) and yeast-induced pyrexia (97.4 ± 0.51) at 10 mg in a dose-dependent manner. The outcomes of this research indicated that ZnO NPs significantly reduced inflammation and have the ability to scavenge free radicals and prevent protein denaturation, while also indicating their possible use in food and nutraceutical applications to treat various ailments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to establish common fixed points of six mappings in the context of bicomplex valued metric spaces. In this way, we generalize some previous well-known results from the literature. Moreover, we provide a non-trivial example to demonstrate the authenticity of established outcomes. As an application, we investigate the solution of an Urysohn integral equation by applying our results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we extend the coupled coincidence point theorems for a mixed g-monotone operator obtained by Alotaibi and Alsulami [Fixed Point Theory Appl. (2011), article ID 44], by weakening the involved contractive condition. Two examples are given to illustrate the effectiveness of our generalizations. Our result also generalizes some recent results announced in the literature. Moreover, some applications to integral equations are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let (X, d) be a complex valued metric space and let S, T bemappings from X to a set of all fuzzy subsets of X .We present sufficient conditions for the existence of a common α-fuzzy fixed point of S and T. Our results improve and extend certain recent results in literature. Moreover, we discuss an illustrative example to highlight the realized improvements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to unify the concept of greatest lower bound (g.l.b) property and establish some generalized common fixed results. We support our results by a nontrivial example. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to obtain some common fixed point theorems for generalized contractions involving certain control functions in controlled metric space and derive some generalized fixed point results as a consequence of our main results. We also prove some common fixed point theorems in controlled metric spaces endowed with a graph. Our results will generalize and amend many famous results from the literature. We also provide an example to show the authenticity of the established results. As an application of our main result, we investigate the solution of integral equations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we introduce the notion of multivalued contractiv emappings in complex valuedmetric space and prove common fixed point theorems for two multivalued contractive mappings in complex valued metric spaces without using the notion of continuity. Our results improve and extend the results of Azam et al. (2011). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We obtain some common fixed point results for single as well as set valued mappings involving certain rational expressions in complete partial metric spaces. In the process, we generalize various results of the literature. Two examples are also included to illustrate the fact that our results cannot be obtained from the corresponding results in metric spaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We define the notion of α*-Ψ-contractive mappings for cone metric space and obtain fixed points of multivalued mappings in connection with Hausdorff distance function for closed bounded subsets of cone metric spaces. We obtain some recent results of the literature as corollaries of our main theorem. Moreover, a nontrivial example of α*-Ψ-contractive mapping satisfying all conditions of our main result has been constructed [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we define the C*-algebra-valued Gb-metric spaces and prove the existence and uniqueness of some fixed point theorems for self mappings with contractive conditions on complete C*-algebra-valued Gb-metric spaces. As an application of our result, we establish an existing result for a differential equation in a C*-algebra-valued Gb-metric space. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

F-contractions have inspired a branch of metric fixed point theory committed to the generalization of the classical Banach contraction principle. The study of these contractions and α -fuzzy mappings in b-metric spaces was attempted timidly and was not successful. In this article, the main objective is to obtain common α -fuzzy fixed point results for F-contractions in b-metric spaces. Some multivalued fixed point results in the literature are derived as consequences of our main results. We also provide a non-trivial example to show the validity of our results. As applications, we investigate the solution for fuzzy initial value problems in the context of a generalized Hukuhara derivative. Our results generalize, improve and complement several developments from the existing literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Neutrophils synthesize four immune associated serine proteases: Cathepsin G (CTSG), Elastase (ELANE), Proteinase 3 (PRTN3) and Neutrophil Serine Protease 4 (NSP4). While previously considered to be immune modulators, overexpression of neutrophil serine proteases correlates with various disease conditions. Therefore, identifying novel small molecules that can potentially control or inhibit the proteolytic activity of these proteases is crucial to revert or temper the aggravated disease phenotype. To the best of our knowledge, although there is limited data for inhibitors of other neutrophil protease members, there is no previous clinical study of a synthetic small molecule inhibitor targeting NSP4. In this study, an integrated molecular modeling algorithm was performed within a virtual drug repurposing study to identify novel inhibitors for NSP4, using clinically approved and investigation drugs library (∼8000 compounds). Based on our rigorous filtration, we found that following molecules Becatecarin, Iogulamide, Delprostenate and Iralukast are predicted to block the activity of NSP4 by interacting with core catalytic residues. The selected ligands were energetically more favorable compared to the reference molecule. The result of this study identifies promising molecules as potential lead candidates. Image 1 • 8000 FDA approved drugs were virtually screened. • 5 FDA approved compounds were identified in a virtual drug repurposing study. • These drugs showed promising affinities against Neutrophil Serine Protease 4 (NSP4). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

HCV NS3, a non-structural hepatitis C viral protein is used as one of the potential targets for inhibition by direct-acting antivirals. It is known that the success rate for HCV genotype-1 treatment remained very high, however, treatment of genotype-3a (GT-3a), is still quite challenging. In the current study, the HCV GT-3a full-length NS3 gene was amplified and sequenced. The complete nucleotide sequence was translated into the amino acid sequence and homology models of HCV-NS3 GT-3a were generated by HCV-NS3 genotype-1b as a template. The objective of the study was to screen novel therapeutic hits from large databases. For this aim, various small molecule databases including, BindingDB (∼45.000 compounds), NCI (∼265.000 compounds), and Specs-SC (∼212.000 compounds) were used. Firstly, all of the compounds were screened using binary-QSAR models from the MetaCore/MetaDrug server, and compounds were filtered based on therapeutic activity predictions by the anti-viral QSAR model. Filtered molecules were used in 26 different toxicity QSAR models and active non-toxic compounds were identified. These selected molecules were then used in docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations studies at the binding cavities of the NS3 protease domain of the GT-3a. Results were compared with known inhibitors and novel molecules are proposed against HCV-NS3 GT-3a. These molecules have high ligand efficiencies as compared to the reference molecules suggesting a better alternate to the existing suite of inhibitors. Thus, this study will be a step ahead in the development of new potential compounds as antiviral drugs for the GT-3a target. Image 1 • In this study, the HCV GT-3a full length NS3 gene was amplified and sequenced • Homology models of HCV-NS3 GT-3a were generated using HCV-NS3 GT-1b template • Various small molecule databases were screened with anti-viral QSAR model • Filtered molecules were used in 26 different toxicity QSAR models • These selected molecules were then used in docking and MD simulations [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this article is to establish some fixed point results for fuzzy mappings and derive some corresponding multivalued mappings results of literature. For this purpose, we define some new and generalized contractions in the setting of b-metric spaces. As applications, we find solutions of integral inclusions by our obtained results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to define generalized ( α β - ψ) -contraction in the context of F -metric space and obtain some new fixed point results. As applications, we solve a nonlinear neutral differential equation with an unbounded delay ϑ / (ι) = − ρ 1 (ι) ϑ (ι) + ρ 2 (ι) L (ϑ (ι − ς (ι))) + ρ 3 (ι) ϑ / (ι − ς (ι)) , where ρ 1 (ι) , ρ 2 (ι) are continuous, ρ 3 (ι) is continuously differentiable and ς (ι) > 0 , for all ι ∈ R and is twice continuously differentiable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Granzyme B is one of the best-characterized and extensively studied member of cytotoxic lymphocytes (CL) proteases. Initially, it is thought to be involved in eliminating virally infected or cancerous cells by using a specialized mechanism through which they are internalized into target cells. In the last decade, however this dimension has changed as there are several reports show that not only CL but also other immune cells can also synthesize Granzyme B. This leads to the possibility of the presence of these proteases in extracellular environment. Being active protease, it then raises the possibility of damaging host tissues as evident from the available reported literature. In many instances, Granzyme B is directly involved in pathogenicity, however in others, it contributes to the disease severity as their over expression makes the clinical situation quite worse which ultimately leads to the chronic state of the disease. Serine protease inhibitor-9 is a natural known intracellular inhibitor of Granzyme B, however there is less data available about the potential inhibitors that can regulate its activity in an extracellular environment. Current study is an effort to identify potential novel inhibitors of Granzyme B. For this aim, drug repurposing study was performed. Around 7900 FDA approved drugs were screened using both ligand- and target-driven approaches. Initially, all molecules were docked using induced fit docking (IFD) approach and selected 318 high-docking scored molecules were used in short (1-ns) molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Based on MM/GBSA binding free energy calculations, 6 compounds were selected and used in long (100-ns) MD simulations. These compounds were then used in binary QSAR analysis. Therapeutic activity potentials of studied compounds were investigated by Clarivate Analytics's MetaCore/MetaDrug platform which uses binary QSAR models. It is developed based on manually curated database of molecular interactions, molecular pathways, gene-disease associations, chemical metabolism and toxicity information. Results of selected compounds were compared with a positive control molecule. Current drug repurposing study is a step ahead in finding potential lead compounds by screening database of FDA approved molecules. We have identified novel inhibitors (Tannic acid, Mupirocin, Phytonadiol sodium diphosphate, Cefpiramide, Xenazoic acid) that have potential to decrease the activity of Granzyme B. Image 1 • Limited data has shown the presence of inhibitors against Granzyme B. • FDA approved drugs were virtually screened to find potential inhibitors against Granzyme B. • Selected hits showed interactions with the catalytic triad and other specificity conferring residues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to investigate the existence of solutions for the following Fredholm integral inclusion φ (t) ∈ f (t) + ∫ 0 1 K (t , s , φ (s)) ϱ s for t ∈ [ 0 , 1 ] , where f ∈ C [ 0 , 1 ] is a given real-valued function and K : [ 0 , 1 ] × [ 0 , 1 ] × R → K c v (R) a given multivalued operator, where K c v represents the family of non-empty compact and convex subsets of R , φ ∈ C [ 0 , 1 ] is the unknown function and ϱ is a metric defined on C [ 0 , 1 ] . To attain this target, we take advantage of fixed point theorems for α -fuzzy mappings satisfying a new class of contractive conditions in the context of complete metric spaces. We derive new fixed point results which extend and improve the well-known results of Banach, Kannan, Chatterjea, Reich, Hardy-Rogers, Berinde and Ćirić by means of this new class of contractions. We also give a significantly non-trivial example to support our new results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]