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The Materials Imaging and Dynamics (MID) instrument at the European X‐ray Free‐Electron Laser (EuXFEL) facility is described. EuXFEL is the first hard X‐ray free‐electron laser operating in the MHz repetition range which provides novel science opportunities. The aim of MID is to enable studies of nano‐structured materials, liquids, and soft‐ and hard‐condensed matter using the bright X‐ray beams generated by EuXFEL. Particular emphasis is on studies of structure and dynamics in materials by coherent scattering and imaging using hard X‐rays. Commission of MID started at the end of 2018 and first experiments were performed in 2019. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A hard X-ray Split-and-Delay Line (SDL) under construction for the Materials Imaging and Dynamics station at the European X-Ray Free-Electron Laser (XFEL) is presented. This device aims at providing pairs of X-ray pulses with a variable time delay ranging from −10 ps to 800 ps in a photon energy range from 5 to 10 keV for photon correlation and X-ray pump-probe experiments. A custom designed mechanical motion system including active feedback control ensures that the high demands for stability and accuracy can be met and the design goals achieved. Using special radiation configurations of the European XFEL’s SASE-2 undulator (SASE: Self-Amplified Spontaneous Emission), two-color hard x-ray pump-probe schemes with varying photon energy separations have been proposed. Simulations indicate that more than 109 photons on the sample per pulse-pair and up to about 10% photon energy separation can be achieved in the hard X-ray region using the SDL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]