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B Methods and materials: b Patients with a first CDI hospitalized in 13 acute care Italian hospitals have been prospectively included and followed up to 4 weeks after the end of the first CDI. B Results: b One hundred ninety-seven patients with first CDI completed the 30d follow-up for a total of 5,910d. rCDI occurred in 19% of patients (37/197) with an incidence rate of 70/10,000 patient-days. B Background: b The main objective of our study is to assess the incidence of and risk factors for recurrence of C. difficile infection (rCDI) at 4w after a first CDI. [Extracted from the article]