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Objectives: Primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphomas (PMLBCLs) are aggressive lymphomas with characteristic clinical, morphologic, and immunophenotypic features. "Double-hit" (DH) lymphomas are B-cell neoplasms characterized by a translocation involving MYC and either BCL2 or BCL6 In the indexed literature, there are no reported cases of PMLBCL associated with DH or triple-hit events.Methods: Herein, we present a case of a 15-year-old girl with PMLBCL who had typical clinical, morphologic, and immunophenotypic features.Results: Fluorescent in situ hybridization studies showed rearrangements involving MYC and BCL6 We also excluded the possibility of a reciprocal t(3;8) (3q27;8q24) BCL6/MYC translocation.Conclusions: This case expands the current spectrum of lymphomas subtypes in which DH can be found and supports the rationale for cytogenetic testing for DH abnormalities in all cases of aggressive large B-cell lymphomas regardless of subtype. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous studies have suggested that CD30 may be expressed in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs). However, the prevalence of CD30 + DLBCLs and extent of CD30 expression within an individual tumor have not been fully evaluated. The aim of this study was to determine the frequency and extent of CD30 expression in DLBCLs, and explore possible relationships between CD30 expression and clinical and biologic variables. We retrospectively identified and analyzed 167 cases of CD30 + DLBCLs from our pathology archive. Twenty-one percent (95% confidence interval [CI]: 14.8-27.1%) of these cases expressed CD30, and in 52% of them CD30 was positive in > 80% of tumor cells. CD30 expression was more frequent in DLBCLs with non-germinal center origin phenotype, BCL2 + DLBCLs and in patients ≤ 47 years old. There was significant interaction of BCL2 expression with age and subtype of DLBCL. A multivariate analysis performed in BCL2 + DLBCLs showed a higher frequency of CD30 + cases in non-germinal center DLBCLs (odds ratio [OR]: 6.5, 95% CI: 1.1-36.5) and in patients ≤ 47 years old (OR: 6.9, 95% CI: 1.5-29.5). These associations could suggest a common biologic pathogenesis. The effectiveness of anti-CD30 drugs in other lymphomas opens the possibility for their use in patients with CD30 + DLBCLs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For more than a decade, flow cytometry-based automated haematology analysers have been studied for malaria diagnosis. Although current haematology analysers are not specifically designed to detect malaria-related abnormalities, most studies have found sensitivities that comply with WHO malaria-diagnostic guidelines, i.e. ≥ 95% in samples with > 100 parasites/μl. Establishing a correct and early malaria diagnosis is a prerequisite for an adequate treatment and to minimizing adverse outcomes. Expert light microscopy remains the 'gold standard' for malaria diagnosis in most clinical settings. However, it requires an explicit request from clinicians and has variable accuracy. Malaria diagnosis with flow cytometry-based haematology analysers could become an important adjuvant diagnostic tool in the routine laboratory work-up of febrile patients in or returning from malaria-endemic regions. Haematology analysers so far studied for malaria diagnosis are the Cell-Dyn®, Coulter® GEN-S and LH 750, and the Sysmex XE-2100® analysers. For Cell-Dyn analysers, abnormal depolarization events mainly in the lobularity/granularity and other scatter-plots, and various reticulocyte abnormalities have shown overall sensitivities and specificities of 49% to 97% and 61% to 100%, respectively. For the Coulter analysers, a 'malaria factor' using the monocyte and lymphocyte size standard deviations obtained by impedance detection has shown overall sensitivities and specificities of 82% to 98% and 72% to 94%, respectively. For the XE-2100, abnormal patterns in the DIFF, WBC/BASO, and RETEXT scatter-plots, and pseudoeosinophilia and other abnormal haematological variables have been described, and multivariate diagnostic models have been designed with overall sensitivities and specificities of 86% to 97% and 81% to 98%, respectively. The accuracy for malaria diagnosis may vary according to species, parasite load, immunity and clinical context where the method is applied. Future developments in new haematology analysers such as considerably simplified, robust and inexpensive devices for malaria detection fitted with an automatically generated alert could improve the detection capacity of these instruments and potentially expand their clinical utility in malaria diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]