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White oats are an important species because they are included in different production systems and because of the need to develop sustainable practices, minimizing the adverse effects resulting from the use of pesticides and synthetic fertilizers on human and environmental health. Therefore, the objective of the present work was to evaluate the physiological, sanitary quality and pesticide residues in oat seeds managed under different fungicide applications. The experimental design used was randomized blocks, following a 3 x 6 factorial scheme, for three white oat cultivars and six fungicide application conditions, respectively, with four replications. In the laboratory, analyzes of germination, vigor, pathology and pesticide residues were carried out. Analysis of variance, Scott & Knott mean comparison test and regression were performed. In view of the results obtained, the physiological quality analysis of seeds indicated high levels of germination and vigor, even under conditions of high occurrence of pathogens. Fungicide residues were found from the second application and above the maximum limit after five applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Agriculture takes place under different conditions, which allows the expression of different productive systems in a territory. In view of this, the present study aimed to diagnose the agriculture in the municipality of Ajuricaba RS and propose development strategies. The evolution of agriculture, the agro-ecological zoning, the characterization of the main production systems, and the definition of action priorities were studied. Forty semi-structured interviews were conducted with production units, as well as secondary data and maps. Among the main results, we highlight the high presence of family farming, the evolution of agriculture in five periods and the presence of fourteen types of production systems and three specific cases. Among the systems, three do not reach the level of social reproduction of a monthly minimum wage per unit of work, which are Family Farmers who only produce grain; Family Farmers with little intensive milk production and Family Farmers with high dependence on soybean crop. These types should be prioritized in the implementation of activities and projects aimed at their social, economic and environmental viability in order to remain in the agricultural activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Territorial occupation in the Northwest Region of Rio Grande do Sul has consolidated production units with different characteristics. Thus, this study has aimed to analyze and to diagnose farming production in the city of Santa Rosa, Rio Grande do Sul, to propose development strategies. So, studies have been carried out in farming evolution, agroecological zoning, topology, modeling and technical, economic and environmental characterization of production systems. This research has been carried out through semistructured interviews with thirty-five farmers, in two stages, in the years of 2016 and 2017, as well as using secondary data and maps. As a result, it has found that the soils are favorable to the practice of farming, with family production units predominating. In the last twenty years, there has been substantial growth in cattle production, grains, fruit and vegetables and a reduction in pig farming and soybean cultivated area. Four agroecological zones have been characterized from the perspective of development and the agrarian history has been gathered into four periods according to ecological, technical and socioeconomic facts. Thirteen types of production systems and five special cases have been identified. Only the family case with grain production and sale of surpluses does not reach the level of social reproduction, that is to say, monthly agricultural income of a minimum wage per unit of family work, plus a thirteenth salary. These farmers should have priorities for action, as well as family farmers who have low cattle production. It is recommended to invest in projects to convert or adapt production, technical assistance and environmental advice for these farmers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]