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This study investigates the effect of ESG advertising messages on consumer support for ESG management in the context of travel enterprises by integrating persuasion theory and regulatory focus theory. This study adopts a mixed-method approach. Study 1 explores how travel enterprises leverage ESG performance effectively in their advertising by conducting in-depth interviews with tourism and hospitality professionals. In Study 2, a 2 (ESG advertising message: emotional vs. rational) × 2 (regulatory focus: prevention vs. promotion) between-subjects experiment is conducted. The findings make several contributions to the literature and also have practical implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated the underlying psychological mechanisms associated with metaverse events. By adopting a mixed methods approach, Study 1 found three major themes: "immersive experience", "escapism", and "game changer". Study 2 highlighted the substantial influence of traditional and metaverse-specific perceived values on attitude, with the exception of the functional value relating to price. In addition, the moderating roles of playfulness (high vs. low) and psychological distance (high vs. low) were found to be significant in the relationship between attitude and behavior. The results provide meaningful implications in light of event participants' reactions to the novel technology that enables metaverse events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Good responsiveness of autonomous vehicle computing systems is crucial to safety and performance of the vehicles. For example, an autonomous vehicle (AV) may cause an accident if the end-to-end latency from sensing a pedestrian to emergency stop is too high. However, the AV software stacks are too complex to probabilistically analye the end-to-end latency on a multi-core system. They consist of a graph of tasks with different periods, and have a large variability in the task execution times, which may lead to the maximum core utilization $U^{\max }$ U max greater than 1.0 on some cores. This paper proposes a novel stochastic analysis of the end-to-end latency over the AV stacks that allows $U^{\max }$ U max to exceed 1.0 on each core. The proposed analysis models the entire stack as a graph of task graphs under a multi-core partitioned scheduling and provides a probabilistic guarantee that the analyzed latency distribution upper-bounds the one observed from a real system under the assumption of independent task execution times. Using the Autoware stack with inter-task dependent execution times, it is shown that our analysis, combined with a task grouping to mitigate the inter-task correlations, can give a latency distribution for each task path that almost upper-bounds the observed one. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given the exponentially increasing number of fake/suspicious online information, this study aimed to investigate tourists' filtering mechanisms for detecting credible or suspicious information. To examine the effects of visual cues on those mechanisms, we adopted a mixed method approach with two empirical studies. As a result, Study 1 identified visual cues that induce credibility and/or skepticism heuristics. Study 2 findings illustrated how tourists differently use these heuristics in trust and distrust information filtering mechanisms. Credibility is used in a holistic and cognitive process in the trust mechanism, whereas skepticism appears to evoke a spontaneous emotional response in the distrust mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using the "Computers are social actors" paradigm, this study brings the concept of power to human–computer interactions in tourism. Building on theories of social power and deliberate practice, the authors examine psychological effects of expert power of online travel review platforms (influencer) and its interaction effects with the power of users (influenced). Two expert platform attributes are conceptualized: specialization and experience. A significant interaction effect was identified between platform specialization, platform experience, and user power on perceived information-task fit using a 2 × 2 × 2 between-subjects experiment. When users are powerful, specialization affected perceived information-task fit for low-experience platforms; no significant effect was evident for high experience platforms. When users are powerless, specialization did not affect perceived information-task fit, regardless of experience condition. Perceived information-task fit mediated the effect of specialization on intention to use. The findings contribute to power discourses by exploring the workings of expert power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hotel industry started to adopt service robots, which are considered a future workforce. However, no attempt was conducted to examine the dimensionality of service quality of service robots. This paper aims to understand the influence of human–robot interaction from the viewpoint of hoteliers and guests. Two studies are conducted in this respect. Study 1 organizes focus-group interviews with hotel managers from various departments to elicit themes related to guest–robot interaction and robot-delivered services. Based on the findings in Study 1, Study 2 conducts an experiment to examine and compare hotel guests' perceptions about the quality of services provided by human staff and service robots, as well as their joint services. Human staff services are perceived higher than the services of service robots in terms of interaction quality and physical service environment. However, no significant difference in outcome quality is noted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates technology affordances of online travel media determining ways of presenting pictorial information and creating the spatial structure of a destination: modality and navigability. To examine the impacts of technology affordances on virtual travel experience, a 2 (modality: still pictures versus panoramic pictures) × 2 (navigability: absence versus presence) between-subjects experiment was conducted with 213 participants. This study found significant effects of modality and navigability on affective and cognitive dimensions of virtual travel experience. Scrutinizing the mediating role of virtual travel experience, the findings explain the psychological mechanism of how modality and navigability influence tourists’ behavioral intention. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Given that online travel media enable multilateral communication patterns in destination marketing, this study investigates technical attributes presenting the number and type of source-related visual cues. From a technological perspective, the sources of online travel information can be conceptualized in terms of specialization, endorsement, and other users’ star rating to reflect technological functions and psychological effects. An experiment with a 2 (specialization: a generalist website vs. a specialist website) × 2 (endorsement: absence vs. presence) × 3 (star rating: low vs. medium vs. high) factorial between-subjects design was conducted to test the relationships between source-related visual cues, cue-induced perceptions, information credibility, and destination images. This study found that each source-related visual cue produced distinctive psychological effects on a tourist’s perceptions. Furthermore, these cue-induced perceptions were influential to tourists’ judgment of information credibility, which was positively related to destination images and behavioral intention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic has created an unprecedented and devastating impact on the travel and tourism industry worldwide. To sustain tourism organizations in the post-pandemic period, it is crucial to understand the factors that maintain, boost, or diminish the potential demands of international travel. With faith in the industry's resilience, travel and tourism organizations are counting on the prospect of compensatory travel. However, little is known about the factors affecting potential demands and compensatory travel intention in a post-pandemic world. Hence, this study attempts to conceptualize compensatory travel and to investigate tourists' cognitive and emotional processes that link risk perception about COVID-19 and compensatory travel intention. The findings support the proposed dual-processing model of suppressing and accelerating travel desire caused by COVID-19. The effect of travel desire on compensatory travel intention is also found. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite its increased recognition among tourism planners and destination governments, a lacuna exists regarding the motivation of diaspora tourists travelling to a destination they regard as an ancestral homeland. Thus, in the current research, we seek to develop and validate a scale that measures the motivations of diaspora tourists. The result of a rigorous seven-stage scale development procedure generates a five-factor structure for diaspora tourists' motivations. The scale is successfully verified through various reliability and validity tests. This multidimensional scale of diaspora tourist motivations contributes to our understanding of the nature of diaspora tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to identify the role of seniors' overseas travel motivations in terms of preferred attraction types and activities, socio-demographic features, and preferred travel-related features. The results show that the motivation of potential senior travelers is a multidimensional construct. A five-cluster solution using extracted senior travel motivational factors demonstrates distinctive characteristics. The clusters show differences on gender, marital status, preferred travel partner, preferred accommodation type, and level of travel information technology acceptance, which are accounted for by preferred attraction types and activities. Consequently, this study indicates that senior travel motivation can be an important segmentation indicator. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using a mixed-method approach combining qualitative and quantitative review techniques, this study analyzed 86 articles to identify state-of-the-art thematic research trends and articulate knowledge domains in the smart tourism research. In particular, the thematic analysis identified 11 themes from the current smart tourism research. Results of the co-citation analysis identified and visualized four knowledge domains as the theoretical underpinning of existing smart tourism literature, thereby supplementing, and complementing the findings of the thematic analysis. The constituents of each theme and knowledge domain were discussed to reveal critical gaps and suggest future research directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Graphene moiré superlattices show an abundance of correlated insulating, topological, and superconducting phases. Whereas the origins of strong correlations and nontrivial topology can be directly linked to flat bands, the nature of superconductivity remains enigmatic. We demonstrate that magic-angle devices made of twisted tri-, quadri-, and pentalayer graphene placed on monolayer tungsten diselenide exhibit flavor polarization and superconductivity. We also observe insulating states in the tril- and quadrilayer arising at finite electric displacement fields. As the number of layers increases, superconductivity emerges over an enhanced filling-factor range, and in the pentalayer it extends well beyond the filling of four electrons per moiré unit cell. Our results highlight the role of the interplay between flat and more dispersive bands in extending superconducting regions in graphene moiré superlattices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to identify the antecedents of emotional and functional values of festival participation. At the same time, it investigated the relative contribution of emotional and functional values to satisfaction levels and behavioral intentions. Structural equation modeling suggested that festival programs and convenient facilities positively influenced both functional and emotional values, whereas a natural environment positively affected only emotional value. The festival program contributed more to emotional value than to functional value, whereas a convenient facility was more associated with functional value. Emotional value contributed more strongly to both festival satisfaction and behavioral intentions. The findings are expected to aid in our understanding of visitors’ perceptions of festivals, so that they can be better managed and designed in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

We investigated the electrical properties and operational stability of amorphous indium-tin-zinc-oxide (a-ITZO) thin-film transistors (TFTs). We fabricated the a-ITZO TFTs using deposition by radio frequency sputtering at room temperature followed by a rapid thermal annealing (RTA) process at different temperatures and oxygen pressure (PO2). This is a more practical annealing route compared to a conventional furnace. Based on film densification and oxygen vacancy optimization, the a-ITZO TFTs exhibited 9.8 cm2 Vs−1, 0.82 V/decade and 1.39 V, for saturation mobility, sub-threshold swing and threshold voltage, respectively. Operation stability tests and hysteresis behavior of a-ITZO TFTs suggest that oxygen vacancy concentration of a-ITZO thin films gradually decreases under higher PO2, consequently affecting the threshold voltage and the shift seen after a gate bias stress test. This observation suggests that gate bias stress and hysteresis stability of an a-ITZO device is due to the effect of oxygen-controlled pressure in the RTA process. This a-ITZO TFTs electrical characterization qualitatively coincides with x-ray photoelectron spectroscopic analyses of oxygen vacancy concentration in a-ITZO thin films. Thus, our systematic a-ITZO thin film optimization using the oxygen-ambient RTA process is a practical basis for high-performance amorphous oxide semiconductor TFT post-annealing methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigated the behavioral intention of tourists participating in dark tourism site associated with their views on war (VOW). By employing a mixed-method approach, the study extracted the underlying dimensions of VOW and tested the extended Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) in conjunction with visitors' VOW. The study found positive and significant relationships between VOW and behavioral constructs of TPB (attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control). The results also showed that attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control played significant mediating roles in the relationship between VOW and behavioral intention, supporting the indirect effect of VOW. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]