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배경: There are limited data comparing the transmission rates and kinetics of viable virus shedding of the omicron variant to those of the delta variant. We compared these rates in hospitalized patients infected with delta and omicron variants. 방법: We prospectively enrolled adult patients with COVID-19 admitted to a tertiary care hospital in South Korea between September 2021 and May 2022. Secondary attack rates were calculated by epidemiologic investigation, and daily saliva samples were collected to evaluate viral shedding kinetics. Genomic and subgenomic SARS-CoV-2 RNA was measured by PCR, and virus culture was performed from daily saliva samples. 결과: A total of 88 patients with COVID-19 who agreed to daily sampling and were interviewed, were included. Of the 88 patients, 48 (59%) were infected with delta, and 34 (41%) with omicron ; a further five patients gave undetectable or inconclusive RNA PCR results and one was suspected of being co-infected with both variants. The baseline characteristics of the two groups were comparable except that fewer of the delta patients had been vaccinated, and the delta patients had more severe disease. The latter also had a higher secondary attack rate (31% [38/124]) vs. 7% [34/456], p<0.001 : Table 1). Multivariable analysis revealed that moderate-to-critical disease severity (HR 1.96), immunocompromised status (HR 2.17), fully- or 1st booster-vaccinated status (HR 0.49), and omicron infection (HR 0.44) were independently associated with prolonged viable virus shedding (Table 2). 결론: Patients with omicron infections had higher transmission rates but shorter periods of transmissible virus shedding than those with delta infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

배경: Solid organ transplant recipients elicit decreased antibody responses mainly due to their weakened immune system. However, data are limited on antibody responses after the primary series of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines among recipients with solid organ transplant types. Thus, we compared the antibody responses after three COVID-19 vaccine doses between liver (LT) and kidney transplant (KT) recipients. 방법: We prospectively enrolled solid-organ transplant recipients who received three COVID-19 vaccine doses from June 2021 to February 2022 and measured S1-specific immunoglobulin G antibodies using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. 결과: Seventy-six LT and 17 KT recipients were included in the final analysis. KT recipients showed consistently decreased antibody responses even after third dose vaccination (86.2% and 52.9%, P=0.008) and decreased antibody titer (423.0 [99.6–2057.0] vs. 19.7 IU/mL [6.9–339.4], P=0.006) than that of LT recipients. Mycophenolic acid was a significant risk factor for seropositive antibody response after the third dose vaccine in multivariable analysis (odds ratio 0.06, 95% confidence interval 0.00-0.39; P=0.02). 결론: We found a weaker antibody response despite the completion of the primary series of COVID-19 vaccines in KT recipients than that in LT recipients; mycophenolic acid use in KT recipients might be the main contributor to this observation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]