Search

This paper addresses enchantment among teachers, differentiating similar concepts and exploring the organisational conditions and critical aspects of teacher enchantment in an attempt to help schools manage them. The results, derived from a Delphi method, show that training, school facilities, school organisation and the changes and challenges stemming from COVID-19 are important factors in re-enchanting teachers in Spanish secondary and vocational training schools. Management teams, educational authorities and teacher educators can improve teacher enchantment by leveraging these factors. Some recommendations are proposed to re-enchant teachers, such as promoting training (mainly in leadership), investment, professional collaboration and cultural values. • Employee enchantment implies active participation and meaningful experience that reinforce employees' work and leisure links. • Training, schools facilities, school organization and COVID-19 challenges are factors that influence teachers' enchantment. • Leadership, information and communication management and school culture of change are also important enchantment factors. • Items to measure each re-enchantment factor are provided following a Delphi method. • Teacher re-enchantment can be achieved through training, investment and fostering expert collaboration and cultural values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Las cooperativas que desarrollan su actividad en el ámbito de la educación necesitan optimizar su gestión para sobrevivir y alcanzar ventajas competitivas. Por tratarse de organizaciones intensivas en mano de obra, la satisfacción laboral de su personal es una forma de lograr esas ventajas. Por ello, esta investigación analiza, desde una perspectiva de género, cómo lograr dicha satisfacción a través de ciertas prácticas de gestión de los recursos humanos (cultura y disponibilidad de prácticas de conciliación, contratación, formación, evaluación de rendimiento y retribución). Para ello se ha realizado un estudio empírico con la información obtenida mediante encuestas a 101 profesores/as de cooperativas de educación de la Región de Murcia. Los resultados del estudio revelan que la formación adecuada y la contratación rigurosa y formalizada son los factores más valorados para generar satisfacción laboral en el profesorado de las cooperativas de educación en la Región de Murcia. No obstante, existen claras diferencias de género, pues las profesoras valoran positivamente la disponibilidad de prácticas de conciliación, mientras que los profesores las valoran negativamente, posiblemente porque, en España, el rol de cuidado de la familia sigue recayendo mayoritariamente en las mujeres, manteniendo el hombre el rol de proveedor. Asimismo, las profesoras le dan más importancia a la contratación rigurosa y formalizada, mientras que la formación tiene mayor influencia en la satisfacción laboral de los profesores. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to show how managing human capital companies are able to enhance their corporate reputation and financial performance. In particular, this preliminary study analyses the impact of human capital on reputation perceived by employees and financial performance (by means of the return on capital employed -ROCE-). Using a database of Spanish audit sector and applying an exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, three factors of human capital are obtained (Staff Quality, Staff Management and Staff Results) which have been related to the dimensions of employees' views of reputation and ROCE through a path analysis. The results reveal that staff quality (firms with creative employees, who perform their best and think actions through, and where there is no trouble if individuals left) has a significant and positive influence on all the dimensions of reputation. Staff management (firms with clear recruitment and succession training programs, upgrade employees' skills and employees who give their all) has a significant and positive impact on resource management, ethics and media reputation. Staff results (employees are satisfied and they do not have to bring down to others' level) have a positive and significant effect on business leadership, resource management, ethics and media reputation. No significant effects are found in when human capital factors and financial performance are linked as a consequence of the financial crisis. We also obtained unexpected results in the impact of reputation perceived by employees on financial performance. In any case, a practical implication for these results is that service companies which manage adequately their human capital can increase the employee views of corporate reputation, having the factor Staff Quality a double significant and positive influence on reputation than other two factors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the current economic context where the behaviour of firms is carefully examined by the markets, the corporate reputation which is generated by organisations among their stakeholders may facilitate their success. Since employees are actively involved in its shaping and influence the overall perception of the firm's corporate reputation, the aim of this research is to improve the management of the employee views of reputation in order to increase its global evaluation. To do this, we analyse whether the existence of a characteristic management style influences the employee views of reputation, studying the effect of control variables such as employee age, gender, level of education or job position. Using a sample of 148 employees of Spanish accounting audit firms, we develop a specific tool for measuring the reputation from the employee perspective of service SMEs, as well as confirming that a strong participative management style promotes a better perception of reputation by employees than a competitive style. Hence, this study reflects that men prefer a competitive management style. Also, a high level of education along with job position has a positive impact on the preference of a participative style with the job position being the main moderating variable of the proposed model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Corporate reputation is an important intangible asset of organizations which is created from the different stakeholders' perceptions and opinions. Employees have a decisive role in its construction and configuration, due to their continuous interaction with customers and other stakeholders. The aim of this paper is to examine how the reputation perceived by the teaching staff of education cooperatives has a positive and significant influence on the job satisfaction and job stability of these valuable employees and, in turn, influences the customers' perceptions of the quality of service they receive. To measure this, a reliable, valid tool for measuring the reputation perceived by teachers was developed through exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The results obtained support the hypotheses, which were tested by structural equation modelling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Corporate reputation is a key intangible asset for organizations, especially in intensive-staff services, because it allows creating and sustaining competitive advantages. As managers are essential in the creation and communication of reputation, the aim of this paper is to establish a model about reputation perceived by them. Thus, Human Resources, Ethics and Costumer Loyalty, Media Reputation, Good Functioning, Respect and Credibility, and Environmental Responsibility are identified as specific dimensions that affect to the reputation perceived by managers of service companies, such as accounting audit firms that operate in Spain. This will facilitate the strategic management of reputation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: choledochal cysts (CC) are rare congenital malformations that cause cystic dilation of the intra- and extrahepatic bile ducts. Objective: we present the case of a newborn with a CC, Todani type IVa. Case description: newborn at term with low birth weight; bile duct dilation was detected prenatally. In the first days of life by imaging studies, CC Todani type IVa was diagnosed. At 15 days of age, the cyst was resected, as well as reconstruction using Roux-en-Y hepatojejunostomy. The patient had a good postoperative course. Conclusions: prenatal and neonatal diagnosis of choledochal cysts, as well as their early treatment, are essential to avoid complications and improve the prognosis of these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) has large impact on direct healthcare costs, especially those derived from hospitalization. This study determines impact, clinical characteristics, outcome and economic consequences of CAP in the adult (≥18 years) population attended in 6 primary-care centers and 2 hospitals in Badalona (Spain) over a two-year period. Methods: Medical records were identified by codes from the International Classification of Diseases in databases (January 1st 2008-December 31st 2009). Results: A total of 581 patients with CAP (55.6% males, mean age 57.5 years) were identified. Prevalence: 0.64% (95% CI: 0.5%-0.7%); annual incidence: 3.0 cases/1,000 inhabitants (95% CI: 0.2-0.5). Up to 241 (41.5%) required hospitalization. Hospital admission was associated (p<0.002) with liver disease (OR=5.9), stroke (OR=3.6), dementia (OR=3.5), COPD (OR=2.9), diabetes mellitus (OR=1.9) and age (OR=1.1 per year). Length of stay (4.4±0.3 days) was associated with PSI score (β=0.195), in turn associated with age (r=0.827) and Charlson index (r=0.497). Microbiological tests were performed in all inpatients but only in 35% outpatients. Among patients with microbiological tests, results were positive in 51.7%, and among them, S pneumoniae was identified in 57.5% cases. Time to recovery was 29.9±17.2 days. Up to 7.5% inpatients presented complications, 0.8% required ICU admission and 19.1% readmission. Inhospital mortality rate was 2.5%. Adjusted mean total cost was €2,332.4/inpatient and €698.6/outpatient (p<0.001). Patients with pneumococcal CAP (n=107) showed higher comorbidity and hospitalization (76.6%), higher PSI score, larger time to recovery and higher overall costs among inpatients. Conclusions: Strategies preventing CAP, thus reducing hospital admissions could likely produce substantial costs savings in addition to the reduction of CAP burden. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Spain introduced the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) in the childhood National Immunization Program in 2015–2016 with coverage of 3 doses of 94.8% in 2018. We assessed the evolution of all pneumococcal, PCV13 vaccine type (VT), and experimental PCV20-VT (PCV13 + serotypes 8, 10A, 11A, 12F, 15B, 22F, 33F) hospitalized community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in adults in Spain from 2011–2018. Methods A prospective observational study of immunocompetent adults (≥18 years) admitted to 4 Spanish hospitals with chest X-ray–confirmed CAP between November 2011 and November 2018. Microbiological confirmation was obtained using the Pfizer serotype-specific urinary antigen detection tests (UAD1/UAD2), BinaxNow test for urine, and conventional cultures of blood, pleural fluid, and high-quality sputum. Results Of 3107 adults hospitalized with CAP, 1943 were ≥65 years. Underlying conditions were present in 87% (n = 2704) of the participants. Among all patients, 895 (28.8%) had pneumococcal CAP and 439 (14.1%) had PCV13-VT CAP, decreasing from 17.9% (n = 77) to 13.2% (n = 68) from 2011–2012 to 2017–2018 (P  = .049). PCV20-VT CAP occurred in 243 (23.8%) of those included in 2016–2018. The most identified serotypes were 3 and 8. Serotype 3 accounted for 6.9% (n = 215) of CAP cases, remaining stable during the study period, and was associated with disease severity. Conclusions PCV13-VT caused a substantial proportion of CAP in Spanish immunocompetent adults 8 years after introduction of childhood PCV13 immunization. Improving direct PCV13 coverage of targeted adult populations could further reduce PCV13-VT burden, a benefit that could be increased further if PCV20 is licensed and implemented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Serotypes/genotypes causing invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in adults are determined by vaccination strategies. The aim of this study was to assess the epidemiology of IPD in adults (≥18 years) after PCV13 introduction for children: serotypes, clonal complexes, antibiotic non-susceptibility and clinical presentations. We performed a prospective, clinical surveillance of hospitalized culture-confirmed IPDs in adults in nine Spanish hospitals (August 2010–June 2015). A total of 1087 culture-confirmed IPD episodes were included, of which 772 (71.0%) had bacteremic pneumonia (401 complicated/371 uncomplicated pneumonia), 122 (11.2%) meningitis, 102 (9.4%) non-focal bacteremia, 34 (3.1%) peritonitis and 57 (5.3%) others. The most common serotypes were: 3 (12.7%), 19A (8.5%), 8 (7.7%), 7F (6.3%), 1 (4.2%), 6C (4.2%), 11A (4.2%), 22F (4.2%) and 14 (4.0%). Vaccine types (PCV13 + 6C) caused 49.8% of IPD episodes, with a significant decrease over the 5-year period, and significant decreases in serotypes 6C and 7F. The most common genotypes were: CC180 (8.4%), CC191 (6.0%), and CC53 (5.0%). Vaccine types caused 53.9% (414/768) pneumonia episodes and 58.9% (235/399) complicated pneumonia, 53.4% IPD in adults <50 years (143/268), and 54.7% IPD in immunocompetent patients (337/616). Overall non-susceptibility was 25.9% to penicillin (1.1% for parenteral criteria), 24.9% to erythromycin and 2.7% to levofloxacin. Conclusions Although the percentage of vaccine-types causing IPDs in adults significantly decreased, it remained high. Associations of vaccine types with pneumonia (with complicated pneumonia for specific serotypes), and immunocompetent patients point to the burden of IPD caused by PCV13 serotypes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes distribution in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) requiring hospitalization in adults after introduction of PCV13 in children is not well known. Our aim was to evaluate the distribution of serotypes in pneumococcal pneumonia according to risk factors and comorbidity conditions after the introduction of PCV13 in children in 2010. Methods A prospective study from 2011 to 2014 was performed in immunocompetent adults hospitalized with CAP in 3 Spanish hospitals. Microbiological confirmation was obtained using a serotype specific urinary antigen detection test (UAD test), Binax Now and conventional cultures. Results 1258 adults were enrolled and pneumococcal pneumonia (invasive disease in 17.7%) was confirmed in 368 (29.3%) and 17.6% of the any-cause CAP were caused by PVC13 serotypes (3.5% PCV7 serotypes). Around 60% of pneumococcal CAP were caused by PCV13 serotypes (74.6% in invasive episodes vs 57.4% in non-invasive ones). The most prevalent serotypes in invasive disease were 1, 3, 7F, 19A and 14. No significant differences were observed in the distribution of PCV13 serotypes across the study periods. Regarding comorbidity, the rate of PCV13 serotypes was similar among them, and it was slightly higher in those with no underlying conditions. Conclusions Serotypes included in PCV13 caused a significant proportion of CAP in adults with underlying conditions and in healthy adults, with no significant changes in cases due to PCV7 or PCV13 from 2011 to 2014, suggesting an insufficient indirect protection from childhood vaccination. Strategies for implementing pneumococcal vaccination of adults are encouraged to reduce the incidence of pneumococcal episodes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The burden of pneumococcal disease is measured only through patients with invasive pneumococcal disease. The urinary antigen test (UAT) for pneumococcus has exhibited high sensitivity and specificity. We aimed to compare the pneumococcal pneumonias diagnosed as invasive disease with pneumococcal pneumonias defined by UAT results.Methods: A prospective observational study of consecutive nonimmunosuppressed patients with community-acquired pneumonia was performed from January 2000 to December 2014. Patients were stratified into two groups: invasive pneumococcal pneumonia (IPP) defined as a positive blood culture or pleural fluid culture result and noninvasive pneumococcal pneumonia (NIPP) defined as a positive UAT result with negative blood or pleural fluid culture result.Results: We analyzed 779 patients (15%) of 5,132, where 361 (46%) had IPP and 418 (54%) had NIPP. Compared with the patients with IPP, those with NIPP presented more frequent chronic pulmonary disease and received previous antibiotics more frequently. Patients with IPP presented more severe community-acquired pneumonia, higher levels of inflammatory markers, and worse oxygenation at admission; more pulmonary complications; greater extrapulmonary complications; longer time to clinical stability; and longer length of hospital stay compared with the NIPP group. Age, chronic liver disease, mechanical ventilation, and acute renal failure were independent risk factors for 30-day crude mortality. Neither IPP nor NIPP was an independent risk factor for 30-day mortality.Conclusions: A high percentage of confirmed pneumococcal pneumonia is diagnosed by UAT. Despite differences in clinical characteristics and outcomes, IPP is not an independent risk factor for 30-day mortality compared with NIPP, reinforcing the importance of NIPP for pneumococcal pneumonia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) has large impact on direct healthcare costs, especially those derived from hospitalization. This study determines impact, clinical characteristics, outcome and economic consequences of CAP in the adult (≥18 years) population attended in 6 primary-care centers and 2 hospitals in Badalona (Spain) over a two-year period.Methods: Medical records were identified by codes from the International Classification of Diseases in databases (January 1st 2008-December 31st 2009).Results: A total of 581 patients with CAP (55.6% males, mean age 57.5 years) were identified. Prevalence: 0.64% (95% CI: 0.5%-0.7%); annual incidence: 3.0 cases/1,000 inhabitants (95% CI: 0.2-0.5). Up to 241 (41.5%) required hospitalization. Hospital admission was associated (p<0.002) with liver disease (OR=5.9), stroke (OR=3.6), dementia (OR=3.5), COPD (OR=2.9), diabetes mellitus (OR=1.9) and age (OR=1.1 per year). Length of stay (4.4±0.3 days) was associated with PSI score (β=0.195), in turn associated with age (r=0.827) and Charlson index (r=0.497). Microbiological tests were performed in all inpatients but only in 35% outpatients. Among patients with microbiological tests, results were positive in 51.7%, and among them, S pneumoniae was identified in 57.5% cases. Time to recovery was 29.9±17.2 days. Up to 7.5% inpatients presented complications, 0.8% required ICU admission and 19.1% readmission. Inhospital mortality rate was 2.5%. Adjusted mean total cost was €2,332.4/inpatient and €698.6/outpatient (p<0.001). Patients with pneumococcal CAP (n=107) showed higher comorbidity and hospitalization (76.6%), higher PSI score, larger time to recovery and higher overall costs among inpatients.Conclusions: Strategies preventing CAP, thus reducing hospital admissions could likely produce substantial costs savings in addition to the reduction of CAP burden. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]