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In 1904, Edmond Desbonnet launched La Culture Physique, a magazine that presented itself as scientific and entertaining in its promotion of strength athletes. La Culture Physique prioritized photomechanical imagery to demonstrate the visual merits of the conditioned human body. A surprising number of women feature in nearly each month's issue. The magazine represented these athletes using a number of editing techniques that made their bodies seem remarkably muscular and yet conventionally feminine. But the specific formal qualities of the publication—such as paper quality, printing technology, and size—helped mask the work that went into making its subjects appear real. La Culture Physique is one of very few extant sources wherein the muscularity of specific women is promoted alongside men's during a period when gender disparity was deeply engrained in French society. La Culture Physique worked within and at times pushed against dominant French cultural values articulated around concepts of gender and belonging, using a set of tools that packaged its contents and form as works of art: as legible, desirable, and collectable. This paper demonstrates that these same tools also helped the publication maintain its veneer of authority. La Culture Physique has yet to be examined from an art historical perspective. This paper seeks to remedy this by arguing that La Culture Physique's 1904 issues are a crucial source of historical and visual documentation for scholars interested in how women participated and were represented in early French physical culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT In this work, we look at the role played by cultural values on individuals' tax preferences towards contributing to public goods. More specifically, looking at the transition economies of Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) and the Former Soviet Union (FSU), we analyse the role of specific cultural values in the willingness of an individual to pay more taxes with the aim of improving public good provision relating to education, health and support of people in need, as well as to combat climate change. To this purpose, we integrate Hofstede's cultural dichotomy individualism–collectivism with Schwartz's cultural dichotomy embeddedness–autonomy, as both capture similar values regarding group interest and self‐determination. We posit that individual values aligned with the concept of individualism/autonomy will be associated with a greater willingness to contribute towards public good provision. Our analysis exploits data from the third wave of the Life in transition Survey (2015–2016). Our analyses reveal that respondents' willingness to contribute to different types of public and common goods is positively associated with them holding values compatible with individualism/autonomy. These associations are statistically significant and robust to changes in specifications and estimators and to changes in the sample investigated.. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Changes in family life related to globalization may include reduction in the collaborativeness observed in many Indigenous American communities. The present study examined longitudinal changes and continuities in collaboration in a Guatemalan Maya community experiencing rapid globalization. Fluid collaboration was widespread 3 decades ago among triads of mothers and 1‐ to 6‐year‐olds in 24 Mayan families exploring novel objects during home visits (Dayton et al., 2022). However, in the “same” situation 30 years later, 22 mother–child triads of their relatives spent half as much time in collaboration among all three people. This aligns with globalizing changes and with the pattern of Dayton et al.'s middle‐class European American families. Nonetheless, the Mayan families maintained harmonious interactions, in line with preserving important cultural values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examined the internal structure and internal consistency reliability of the Prison Group Climate Instrument (PGCI), by means of confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and reliability analyses in a sample of 195 minors (92.8% male; aged 14–24; M = 17.6, SD = 1.52) in Kosovo and Albania. Findings showed an acceptable model fit for a three-factor model consisting of three correlated factors with good internal consistency reliability: Support (ω = .93), Growth (ω = .86), and Atmosphere (ω = .83), rather than the original four-factor model. The repression subscale did not fit participant’s perception, possibly due to cultural values favoring authority and respect for the rules. PGCI can be used to assess and monitor living group climate from the perspective of rehabilitation, facilitating future scientific research and continuous improvement of forensic residential care in these countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT This study investigated family mechanisms through which pandemic stressors affect parental stress using the Double ABC‐X model of family stress and adaptation. Specifically, this study examines the moderated mediation effects to test the conditional indirect influence of a moderating variable (i.e., family resilience beliefs) on the relationship between a predictor (i.e., stressor pile‐up) and an outcome variable (i.e., stress) through potential mediators (i.e., family satisfaction and relationship satisfaction). The analytic sample included 9269 participants from 10 sub‐Saharan countries. The findings do not support the hypothesis predicting a second‐stage moderating mediation model where family resiliency beliefs would moderate the second‐stage indirect paths of family satisfaction and relationship satisfaction, creating conditional indirect effects. The findings suggest that interventions should involve community‐based programmes that emphasize family support and access to resources while recognizing the complex interplay between family resilience beliefs, cultural values and beliefs of African families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The UK’s ratification of Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage in March 2024 signals a formal commitment to engage with the concept of intangible cultural heritage (ICH). This article investigates how this commitment could reshape built heritage practices in the UK through fostering a more integrated relationship between the tangible and intangible qualities of heritage. It argues that prioritising this interface is essential for contemporary built heritage management, ensuring the diverse cultural values embedded in the historic environment are represented. After examining the broader UK context, the article narrows focus to England, where Historic England’s guidance and initiatives demonstrate how shifts in policy and practice could materialise in response to the convention. The article concludes by proposing three key opportunity areas that could emerge from emphasising the tangible–intangible relationship: 1) evolving understandings of heritage, community and participation; 2) recognising the mutual influence of ICH and physical heritage; and 3) strengthening place-based cultural practices. These opportunities offer a timely pathway for the UK to become a thought leader in heritage management by aligning conservation practices with evolving cultural values and community involvement, thus setting a new benchmark for built heritage management in a Western European context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding human–wildlife interactions within biocultural systems is essential to support evidence‐based conservation and Indigenous cultural integrity, and to identify inclusive “win‐win” options for coexistence with threatened species. Jamaica's Blue and John Crow Mountains contain a population of the Endangered Jamaican hutia or coney (Geocapromys brownii), one of the last surviving Caribbean mammals, as well as Maroon communities that practice hunting as a traditional cultural activity. An interview survey was conducted in two Maroon communities within this conservation‐priority landscape to understand local knowledge and attitudes toward coneys, and the cultural importance and dynamics of interactions with coneys. Experience of coney consumption is relatively widespread through small‐scale local trade in hunted animals, but few respondents consider hunting to be of cultural or economic importance, very few people specifically hunt coneys, and most respondents support coney conservation. Conversely, crop damage caused by coneys is considered a substantial problem and is associated with decreased conservation support. Although we estimate that almost 530 coneys were killed during the previous year by our respondent sample, local perceptions suggest that hunting may not be having a negative impact on the coney population, and coney conservation can hopefully be integrated equitably with Maroon cultural values and needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Policing in the South Pacific is influenced by a myriad of factors including cultural norms, historical legacies, socio-economic disparities, and geopolitical dynamics. Against this backdrop, law enforcement officers face multifaceted challenges in reconciling the demands of their profession with personal and familial obligations. This article discusses the challenges faced by police officers as they attempt to balance their professional and personal lives. Interviews were conducted with male (N = 50) and female (N = 50) constables from the Royal Solomon Islands Police Force (RSIPF) to gain insight into the challenges they face as RSIPF officers, the support available to them and the further resources they see as necessary to improve their work-life balance. Findings reveal a complex interplay of factors shaping officers’ work-life dynamics, including shift work schedules, high-pressure environments, community expectations, and the emotional toll of policing in small, tight-knit societies. It also highlights the significance of informal support networks, cultural values, and adaptive coping mechanisms in mediating the impact of work-related stressors on officers’ well-being. Notably, data suggest that RSIPF work-life balance, wellness and workplace structures are highly gendered. These findings offer insights that can inform the development of more effective support mechanisms and policies aimed at enhancing the holistic wellbeing of police officers. They further substantiate the need for greater formal support systems within the RSIPF to assist employees with managing their work-life balance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Attachment and Biobehavioral Catch‐up (ABC) is an evidence‐based early intervention promoting attachment security and self‐regulation by enhancing parental sensitivity. When scaling up an evidence‐based intervention to the community, it is essential to consider families’ preferences and cultural values to ensure cultural appropriateness, while maintaining fidelity to the intervention's core components. In this article, we aimed to test the effectiveness of ABC in improving parental sensitivity when implemented in Spanish at a community level in the USA. The effectiveness of ABC when implemented in Spanish in the community was assessed through pre‐post changes in observed parental sensitivity in 79 Latine families with children ages 6 months to 4 years. Parental sensitivity increased from pre‐ to post‐test, with a similar effect size to previous studies (d = .67). Results and practice implications are discussed, highlighting the importance of the support to providers reaching families of diverse origins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explores how silk as an aesthetic sign plays the active and efficient role of diplomatic narrative in the cultural and political communication between countries employing the historical and archaeological evidence in China. Aesthetic signs are of communicative values and cultural narrative significance. Silk is an aesthetic sign with iconic properties. The paper argues that beauty, exquisiteness, and value are the visual properties that silk as a sign vehicle presents in terms of texture, colours, patterns, and weaving techniques, recognised across all cultural contexts throughout history. The richness of favourable meanings that a sign conveys is embodied in the characteristics of its specific vehicle. The combination of silk as a sign vehicle and its designated object conveys the sign's value, thus performing the narrative function. Due to its iconic functions, silk is the most distinct and active aesthetic sign. Therefore, this paper argues that silk as a sign expresses diplomatic fraternity and harmony narrates aesthetics of unremitting pursuit of gentleness and auspiciousness, and constructs an international image of a country willing to coexist with others harmoniously and offer mutual assistance during difficulties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Traumatic experiences in an early phase of an individual's life stand out as a highly influential risk factor for poor developmental outcomes. Studies examining poor childhood experiences revealed childhood trauma linked to a negative impact on mental health. Therefore, the objective of this study is to comprehend and investigate the subjective childhood experiences of the affected children. Methods: A qualitative approach was adopted to explore the lived experiences with their consequences. The study employed a purposeful sampling technique to choose adolescents who had encountered abuse and were capable of articulating their experiences with clarity. In-depth interviews were carried out with 18 adolescents aged 13–18 years, all from childcare homes (mean = 16, SD = 1.46). The transcriptions of these interviews were analyzed using a thematic approach. Results: The analysis indicated that the children experienced physical abuse, sexual abuse, rape, abandonment, and neglected home environment. The children took responsibility for the abuse directed toward them and were also engaged in substance use. They further reported experiencing negative effects on their behavioral functions (anger, isolation), cognitive function (difficulty in concentration, low academic performances), emotional function (fear, helplessness), social function (withdrawal, mutism), and biological function (sleeplessness, lack of appetite) due to the adverse events in their life. Perceived needs, for instance, emotional, social, and educational support and positive relationship, as well as growth from traumatic experiences were stated by the children. Conclusion: The findings of the study could have practical implications for clinicians, aiding in the understanding of low emotional expression and unexplained behavior among individuals and assisting in addressing the underlying vulnerability to facilitate their overcoming of these challenges. Additionally, it is suggested that a comprehensive strategy be used that addresses stigma, cultural values, and social norms in addition to legal issues to address the problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Western diet is associated with chronic disease risk, and degree of dietary acculturation can impact susceptibility. This study sought to understand the factors associated with changes in food consumption habits among international students at a large public university in the southern US. Participants: A convenience sample of 173 international students representing 41 countries at The University of Georgia participated in the survey. Methods: This cross-sectional online survey assessed dietary habits, perception of healthy eating, and level of acculturation using previously validated measures. Results: Highest number of participants were from China (19.2%), 89.0% were graduate students with an average age of 27.5 ± 4.83 years. The majority (62.0%) of participants were dietary acculturated with affordability and accessibility determining types of food consumption, as fewer whole foods and more processed foods were consumed in the U.S. Conclusions: Findings suggest dietary acculturation may be driven by economic factors, making the transition to Westernized food items a convenient and cost-effective choice among international students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relationship between religion and health tends to be framed positively. Religion has been found to act as a coping mechanism and source of support in times of ill health. In this paper, we focus on the disruptive effect of chronic illness on religious practice and cultural engagement. Drawing on interviews with ethnic minority adults with end‐stage kidney disease, who also identify as religious, we introduce the concept 'cultural disruption'. While religious practice and belief was found to provide strength and comfort we also found that chronic illness had a disruptive impact on religious and cultural practice that participants attempted to manage. To highlight the potential disruptive effect of chronic illness on religious faith and cultural engagement we identify three elements of cultural disruption—disruption to religious practice, disruption to sense of self and identity and disruption to wellbeing. We conclude by suggesting that understanding and accounting for the potential of cultural disruption when diagnosing, treating and supporting people with chronic illness offers an alternative entry point to the life‐worlds of patients who identify as religious and the things that are important to them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Advance care planning empowers people by allowing them some control over certain healthcare decisions in the event they are unable. Yet, advance care planning rates in the American Indian and Alaska Native populations are low. Thus, we culturally tailored the Make Your Wishes About You (MY WAY), an intervention to improve advance care planning access and completion for American Indian peoples. Methods: In partnership with an American Indian Tribe, the project took a community-based participatory orientation and relied on a Community Advisory Board and a Professional Advisory Board. The culturally tailoring was a 15-step process. These steps allowed us to ensure that the tailoring reflects community-specific norms and preferences, greater reliance on visual images and local idioms of expression, more appropriate attention to family roles, and inclusion of spiritual elements. Results: A four-phase cultural tailoring framework emerged with each phase centering around listening, learning, and analyzing with tailoring occurring between each phase. A culturally tailored MY WAY was created, which was delivered in a manner that reflected Tribal citizenss' preferences. Materials included Tribal language, local idioms of expression, attention to family roles, and appropriate inclusion of spiritual elements. The materials were rated high on a content validity index by the advisory board members. Conclusion: There is a growing interest in tailoring existing evidence-based programs with relatively little in the literature offering guidance. By sharing our efforts and experiences in culturally tailoring an advance care planning program for an American Indian Tribe, we hope that it will serve useful for future efforts in ensuring that evidence-based programming reaches those in greatest need. While this project was rooted in the core Indigenous values of community, ceremony or spirituality, language, and place it also lends itself to broader translation across different populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the text of a speech by Dr. Bernard P. Dreyer in receiving the Joseph W. St. Geme, Jr Leadership Award, presented by the Federation of Pediatric Organizations at the Pediatric Academic Societies Meeting in Toronto, Ontario on May 3, 2024. He discussed why he felt honored in receiving the award, his privilege to be a pediatrician, and their major advocacy for reducing child poverty.

Trust plays an integral part in the effective functioning of public health systems. During the COVID-19 pandemic, distrust of public health fueled vaccine hesitancy and created additional barriers to immunization. Although most Americans have received at least one COVID-19 vaccine, the percentage of fully immunized adults remains suboptimal. To reach vaccine-hesitant communities, it is vital that public health be worthy of trust. As trusted members of their communities, community health workers (CHWs) can serve as ideal messengers and conversation partners for vaccination decision-making. We developed the Be REAL framework and training materials to prepare CHWs to work with vaccine-hesitant communities nationwide. Through the four steps of "Relate," "Explore," "Assist," and "Leave (the door open)," CHWs were taught to prioritize relationship building as a primary goal. In this shift from focusing on adherence to public health recommendations (e.g., get vaccinated) to building relationships, the value of vaccine uptake is secondary to the quality of the relationship being formed. The Be REAL framework facilitates CHWs harnessing the power they already possess. The goal of the Be REAL framework is to foster true partnership between CHWs and community members, which in turn can help increase trust in the broader public health system beyond adherence to a specific recommendation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractTerror Management Theory posits that reminders of mortality increase support for cultural values and negative views toward transgressors. However, little research has investigated how mortality salience can influence individuals’ perceptions of victims who have suffered differing moral misfortune types. This study explored how mortality salience and moral misfortune types affect the perceptions of victims. One hundred forty-three participants were exposed to either mortality or control manipulation and were given five victim scenarios based on five moral foundations: harm, fairness, purity, loyalty, and authority. Participants rated the deservingness of help for the victim in each scenario. The results indicated that harm and purity transgressions elicited more help, while conservative individuals viewed purity victims less favorably under mortality salience. This suggests that mortality salience influences victim perceptions based on moral context. This study illustrates how mortality salience can shape perceptions of victim’s deservingness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Moving away from an individual and pathological framework and instead drawing on a social-relational model of disability, this article examines the experiences of mothers with autistic children in navigating between caregiving and working life in China. Conducting narrative analysis of 14 in-depth interviews with mothers of autistic children, we argue that their decisions to make adjustments to work are situated in social and relational dynamics of disabled and gendered cultural ideologies, inaccessibility to healthcare, education, and social services, as well as filial familial relationship. As a result, they have to adjust their careers and personal life, such as resigning from previous work and becoming full-time mothers. Although these women constantly experienced a strong sense of loss in terms of their personal and social identity, some developed new perspectives seeing disability, normality, and the meaning of 'good mother' in the process of negotiating their work life and motherhood role. Points of Interests: Mothers of autistic children in China experience social and relational barriers in caregiving and working life. Mothers adjust to their careers and personal life by quitting their previous jobs and becoming full-time mothers, changing positions, or switching to part-time employment. The unavailability of healthcare and social service, as well as the discrimination of the education system against children with autism, significantly affect their mothers' work and family life. Autistic children encounter exclusion in the filial family in China. Grandparents and fathers of autistic children often refuse to participate in childcare arrangements. As a result, mothers had to bear the care responsibility alone. Some mothers described their personal journey of 'walking out'. They rejected the idea that autism is a form of abnormality needed to be cured. They also organized to advocate for social inclusion and policy changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the researchers aimed to understand the life experience of older widowed women living alone. Employing a phenomenological approach, we interviewed 15 older women (age 62 to 95) living alone at homes in two villages in Central Java. Through systematic text condensation procedure, we identified five themes: (1) negative feelings at times, (2) getting used to living alone, (3) needing help to support independent living, (4) coping toward negative feelings, (5) attachment to the original house. We depicted the struggles of older women living alone in their homes. Despite the coping strategies they have developed over time, older women needed help during hard times, especially when getting sick. Families and neighbors were the main resources to maintain their independent living. Improving the home environment to increase suitability for aging residents and providing a support system are the options that best fit the needs and values the older women believed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Societal Impact Statement: Globalization and rapid shifts in culture and economy threaten indigenous and local knowledge (ILK) systems, and large intergenerational gaps in this knowledge already exist. Buddleja asiatica is a deciduous shrub or small tree with traditional medicinal applications but is currently largely overlooked as a medicinal resource. This study investigates the traditional uses of B. asiatica in indigenous communities in the Pan‐Himalayan region through ethnobotanical field surveys, with a view to preserving cultural heritage and strengthening economic resilience in these communities, as well as developing B. asiatica as a medicinal resource. Prioritizing the well‐being of mountain communities, this study aims to bridge community development with nature. Summary: Buddleja asiatica Lour. (Scrophulariaceae) is widely distributed across the Pan‐Himalayan region. It has traditional medicinal applications and cultural value, as well as ecological significance. We conducted an ethnobotanical study combining field surveys from Nepal and Xizang, China with a literature review using Web of Science (WoS) to review the ethnobotanical, phytochemical, and pharmacological aspects of this species. Our study highlights the cultural significance of B. asiatica within indigenous communities and, in particular, the use of the leaves to make a starter culture for the preparation of wine. However, an evident intergenerational gap in knowledge transfer exists. The phytochemical investigation revealed the presence of various chemical classes (carbohydrates, terpenoids, flavonoids, saponins, esters, steroids, glycosides, and fatty acids), of which 15 phytoconstituents were first reported from various parts of B. asiatica. The potential medicinal properties of these chemicals include anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, cytotoxic, antihepatotoxic, antimicrobial, and cholinesterase activities. We combine these lines of evidence to show the prospects for the livelihoods of local people across this region and propose future research directions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rebekah Hyneman, born in Pennsylvania in 1816, played a significant role in documenting Jewish existence. Beyond her unique historical novel, The Black Izba: A Tale of Ancient Russia,1 serialized in 1855 in The Masonic Mirror and Keystone, she made a noteworthy contribution through her extensive oeuvre. Raised by a Jewish-German father and a Christian mother, Hyneman converted to Judaism in 1845. Despite her multifaceted literary output, her substantial contributions have been overlooked. This paper seeks to rectify the historical neglect surrounding Hyneman's work by shining a light on her novel, The Black Izba. This novel stands out as a rare piece by a nineteenth-century Jewish female writer. It offers a unique perspective on Jewish women, exploring a female literary culture documenting its own story, its relationship with prevailing Christian norms, and striving to uphold religious and cultural values in restrictive contexts. Through an examination of Hyneman's work, the paper underscores her portrayal of Jewish women and their role in preserving their identity. Hyneman's poetry and prose extend beyond mere artistic expression; they harbor political and social agendas. She believed that Christians' unfamiliarity with Jewish traditions fostered alienation. Through her writings, Hyneman endeavors to bridge this gap, emphasizing mutual recognition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates why women in Southern Italy are attracted to Turkish TV serials, which may seem culturally distant at first glance. By conducting semi-structured interviews with 30 women, the research aims to uncover the specific elements of Turkish serials that resonate with these women. The findings reveal that participants appreciate the portrayal of strong, independent female characters in Turkish serials, which challenge their preconceptions about Muslim women and foster a sense of shared human experiences across cultures. The romantic ideals depicted, without overt sexualization, and the subtle reinforcement of traditional gender roles, align with the viewers' cultural values, offering a comforting blend of familiarity and novelty. Additionally, the high production values and aesthetically pleasing depiction of Turkish settings and lifestyles enhance the appeal. These serials not only entertain but also prompt audiences to reflect on their own cultural and feminist issues. This study highlights the intricate dynamics of cross-cultural media consumption and its impact on cultural perceptions and viewer engagement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study of Philippine cemeteries has been traditionally placed within the purview of archaeology, which, broadly speaking, places importance in its material cultures. To further broaden our knowledge about these sites, this paper explores how Philippine cemeteries, particularly Libingan ng mga Bayani (LNMB), generate meaning through their linguistic landscape (LL). Using place semiotics approach and indexicality, this study identifies seven communicative functions used in LNMB epitaphs: (1) affective, (2) associative, (3) celebrative, (4) memorative, (6) desiderative, and (7) summative. In doing so, this study not only treats public signs as communicative 'actors' which convey meaning and pragmatic function but it also analyzes the act of 'engaging' with epitaphs as a highly contextualised speech event. Finally, this study argues that epitaphs signify discourses of memory, remembrance, and patriotism and index sociocultural and political realities, all of which contribute to the creation of LNMB not only as a cemetery per se but also as a place of experience and embodiment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While both the classroom cultural diversity climate and curriculum-based interventions can promote cultural identity development, they have not been studied together. Drawing on theories of ethnic-racial identity development, the current study aimed to understand the dynamic interplay of a curriculum-based intervention (the Identity Project) with the classroom cultural diversity climate (heritage culture and intercultural learning, critical consciousness socialization and equal treatment) on cultural identity exploration and resolution. Our sample included 906 mid-adolescents in Italy (32.36% immigrant descent, Mage (SD) = 15.12 (0.68) years, 51.73% female), and 504 early adolescents in Germany (53.86% immigrant descent, Mage (SD) = 12.82 (0.89) years, 42.37% female). Bayesian multivariate linear models show that the Identity Project and a stronger critical consciousness climate in the classroom before the intervention promoted cultural identity exploration at post-test in both countries. However, effects of the intervention and facets of the diversity climate on subsequent resolution were only observed in Italy. There was some evidence that the intervention could alter the classroom cultural diversity climate in Germany, while the intervention could compensate for a less positive diversity climate in the slightly older sample in Italy. Thus, it seems promising to systematically build in opportunities to engage with students' diverse heritage cultures and identities when developing new curricula, as well as to train teachers to implement such curricula. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines four tombstones associated with significant figures in Yemen's history during the early Qāsimī State era: ʿAlī b. Imām al‐Muʾayyad Muḥammad b. al‐Qāsim (1013–1078 Hiǧrī (h)/ad 1603–1617) and his brother al‐Qāsim b. Imām al‐Muʾayyad Muḥammad b. al‐Qāsim (1024–1127 h/ad 1632–1715). The research sheds light on their biographies and historical roles. It aims to document and study these stone artefacts from both archaeological and artistic perspectives, providing a detailed description and analysing the inscriptions in terms of form and content. The inscriptions contain valuable historical information, religious and historical titles and supplicatory phrases. The researcher employed a descriptive–analytical approach and an inductive method by describing the four artefacts, reading their written texts, analyzing their contents and referencing various archaeological evidence sources and historical references. The study emphasises the importance of preserving these artefacts due to their significant archaeological and cultural value amid the ongoing armed political conflict in Yemen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines grief while providing transnational caregiving during the COVID-19 pandemic. There are an estimated 275 million migrants living in their destination homeland which is 3.5% of the global population. The transnational family strives to maintain solidarity, intergenerational ties, and cultural values while sustaining family structure across international borders. Transnational caregiving is the exchange of support and care across distance and international borders. The devastating assault of COVID-19 on older adults impacted caregiving significantly, especially transnational caregiving. A qualitative case study method was selected to examine a participant's understanding and experience of transnational caregiving during the COVID-19 pandemic. Through the interviews and writing of the narrative summary, five themes emerged related to transnational caregiving and COVID-related losses –exposure to sudden and unexpected death, isolation, guilt, loss and change of traditions, and lack of closure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Disaster situations, depending on their severity and scale, lead to severe general and medical situations. In cases of fires, disasters, accidents and catastrophes, the state must guarantee the life, health, security of the population, material and cultural values of society. Fire safety and civil protection is the institution which, in addition to fire-fighting activities and fire control, carries out rescue activities in the outbreak of damage, emergency and post-disaster recovery activities, chemical, biological and radiation protection, preventive measures to reduce the risk of disasters, formation of voluntary formations, coordination, information and analysis and other activities. The purpose of this publication is to present the results of the report of the Regional Directorate of Fire Safety and Civil Protection in Plovdiv on the cases registered in 2019 in which the institution responded and provided first aid and assistance. Material and methods: Statistical, documentary and descriptive methods were used, and the report from the Regional Directorate of Fire Safety and Civil Protection in Plovdiv for the period 2019 was analyzed. The analysis was made according to the age group of the population, social status of the victims, time of day interval and according to the trauma received in different situations. Conclusion: The General Directorate of Fire Safety and Civil Protection is the main institution for responding not only to fires, but also to disasters of different origin (natural or anthropogenic). It is an institution for carrying out rescue and emergency recovery work after various disasters, large-scale preventive work to protect public health and a range of other activities concerning the life and health of the population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Excellent traditional culture is the root and soul of a nation, which is the carrier of historical precipitation and continuous development. In this aspect, Hubei folk art of carved paper-cutting has important cultural value and historical significance in the composition of Chinese traditional culture, which is a national intangible cultural heritage under key protection and urgently needs to be carried forward. This paper carried out an empirical study using the survey and comparative analysis methods on the feature extraction for Hubei folk art of carved paper-cutting. Through investigation and comparative analysis of vast artworks of Hubei carved paper-cutting, the classics are selected as the representative to extract the regional characteristics, the artistic values, and the composition and modelling methods. Results indicate that the common features exist on the artistic values in beautification of life and education, the composition principles of central-based, symmetry, balanced or conformal, and the modelling techniques using Yin and Yang carving, unobstructive perspective, distortion and exaggeration. However, the regional features in cultural expression, folklore communication, modelling skills are apparent and strong interlinked with the regional historical development in social activities, labor productivity and surrounding environment. This study provides a multi-dimensional perspective for the modern inheritance and development of traditional Hubei artworks of carved paper-cutting with specified characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: We aimed to assess the attitude of unmarried girls towards virginity, and its determinants, comparing three age cohorts (born in the 70s, 80s, and 90s) in the city of Tabriz in northwestern Iran. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey among 700 girls residing in Tabriz in 2021 employing a population-based cluster sampling based on health clinics and households. We collected data using a pilot-tested instrument, which comprised socio-demographic questions, and statements to assess attitudes towards virginity and its importance, the meaning of virginity, ways of losing virginity, and perception of the hymen. The data was analyzed using SPSS, version 21. Analysis of variance and independent t-test was used for bivariate analysis and linear regression was used to identify the determinants of the attitude. A p value under 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Only about one-third (35.2%) of unmarried girls considered preserving virginity as an important issue for girls before marriage in current days. About 27% were uncertain and about 38% believed it was unimportant. The importance of virginity (score range 7–35) was significantly greater for girls born in the 70s than for girls born in the 80s and 90s (p < 0.05). In the multivariate linear regression model, the determinants of the importance of virginity were older age, greater religious affiliation, living with both parents and lower consumption of the internet and social networks for sexual information. Conclusions: This study indicates significant shifts in sexual attitudes among young females which may have important implications for marriage age and the culturally and age-appropriate sexual health interventions of young people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports on a study that explored how adolescents in the Bosomtwe District of Ghana experience their psychosocial identity development in relation to participating in traditional rituals and rites of passage. This study employed a phenomenology case study design with a purposive sampling procedure. Data was gathered from focus group discussions and semi-structured interviews and analysed through thematic content analysis. The participants were 20 adolescent learners in the focus groups, and 12 teachers, 12 parents and eight adolescents in individual interviews. The study found that adolescents undergo psychosocial identity development due to participating in ritualisation processes in a variety of ways. According to the study’s findings, initiation activities exposed adolescents to distinct cultural values, aided them in developing a larger worldview, enhanced self-awareness, and improved social skills. On the other hand, not all adolescents had favourable experiences with their traditional rituals and rites of passage. Furthermore, traditional practices may perpetuate negative gender stereotypes, and discriminatory actions and behaviour. We recommend collaborating with guidance counsellors, parents and guardians, community members, and leaders when providing counselling services to adolescents We also recommend policy development to encourage integrating traditional practices in formal schooling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article considers experiences and interactions of Emirati women with camels, the latter being of the most culturally significant animals in the Emirates, entangled in compelling sociocultural and national narratives. No English-language publication thus far has prioritized female experiences in interacting with camels in the UAE, albeit tending to those animals is not an exclusively male domain. Emirati women’s presence around camels is explored in the context of riding, trekking, racing, inheriting and owning them. Tracking shifts in female experiences around camel-related culture is an essential component of the research. Camels can be perceived as agents of social change–their evolving sociocultural presence is indicative of broader transformations in the UAE. Female narratives centred around those animals describe old and entirely new contexts of their cultural existence. Camels appear, among others, as central figures of heritage revival processes in the UAE and as ‘tools’ of self-discovery. Additionally, phenomenological perspectives engaged in this research, allow for values of cultural nostalgia, emotions, sentiments, embodiment, and sensuous presence in the world to be revealed in the Emirati women’s stories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relevance of this research lies in the fact that models and practices of the introduction of multilingualism are an important cross-cutting problem that concerns the social, cultural, economic and, consequently, educational spheres, which contribute to the promotion of rarer languages. It is important to assess the cultural value of linguistic diversity at all levels of education and training, while simultaneously spreading information about the multiplicity of languages and their importance in the world. The purpose of the study is to consider the models and practices of the introduction of multilingualism in the context of education in the Republic of Kazakhstan through comparative sociological analysis. To achieve this goal, the following methods were used: sociological, statistical, and comparative. The research findings highlight the importance of multilingualism in personal and societal development, emphasising the need for incorporating multilingual practices in educational policies and teacher training. Additionally, the introduction of multilingualism in Kazakhstan, particularly the trilingual approach involving Kazakh, Russian, and English, is influenced by global processes and the prestige associated with different languages in society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The World Health Organization Astana Declaration of 2018 sees primary healthcare as key to universal health coverage and gives further support to the goal of building sustainable models of community palliative care. Yet evaluating the benefits of such models continues to pose methodological and conceptual challenges. Objective: To explore evaluation issues associated with a community-based palliative care approach in Kerala, India. Design: An illuminative case study using a rapid evaluation methodology. Methodology: Qualitative interviews, documentary analysis and observations of home care and community organising. Results: We appraise a community palliative care programme in Kerala, India, using three linked 'canvases' of enquiry: (1) 'complex' multi-factorial community-based interventions and implications for evaluation; (2) 'axiological' orientations that foreground values in any evaluation process and (3) the status of evaluative evidence in postcolonial contexts. Three values underpinning the care process were significant: heterogeneity, voice and decentralisation. We identify 'objects of interest' related to first-, second- and third-order outcomes: (1) individuals and organisations; (2) unintended targets outside the core domain and (3) indirect, distal effects within and outside the domain. Conclusion: We show how evaluation of palliative care in complex community circumstances can be successfully accomplished when attending to the significance of community care values. Plain language summary: Where are the values in evaluating palliative care? Learning from community-based palliative care provision The evaluation of any intervention or service will inevitably involve a series of decisions on what we measure, what criteria we use to judge whether the intervention has been successful (or not), what type of data we actually collect and what methods we use to do this. When evaluating a range of palliative care interventions, we suggest that these decisions have often been taken in a concealed way and tend to favour relatively narrow quantitative measures linked to end outcomes. Our paper reports on the evaluation of a community-based palliative care intervention on Kerala, India. In it, we suggest that such complex work requires a broader approach to evaluation that: makes the values being used to assess success explicit; draws on a range of data types; is interested in delivery processes; and places the voices of participants at the heart of the assessment. The paper concludes with some broader observations on how these principles might be applied more widely within palliative care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aims to measure the relationship between consumers' cultural values and word-of-mouth marketing behavior. As a sub-objective of the research, it also measures whether cultural values and word-of-mouth marketing dimensions differ according to demographic characteristics. Methods: The participants in this study were recruited from foreign citizens who have received healthcare in İstanbul at least once, and Turkish citizens who have received healthcare in Istanbul at least once, in terms of examining cultural differences. An acceptable 390 questionnaire forms were obtained using the convenience sampling method. Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 22.0 software (IBM Corp.; Armonk, NY, USA). Independent sample t-tests and one-way analysis of variance were carried out to assess whether the dimensions of word-of-mouth marketing and individual cultural values differ according to demographic characteristics. A simple correlation analysis was conducted to assess the relationship between word-of-mouth marketing and individual cultural values. Results: The relationship between age and the variables revealed a significant difference only for power distance, collectivism, and out-group word-of-mouth marketing (P < .05). The relationship between gender and the variables was analyzed, and only masculinity tendency showed a significant difference according to gender (P < .05), while no significant difference was found between word-of-mouth marketing and gender (P > .05). The results showed that there was a statistically significant difference between individual cultural values and nationality (P < .05). Conclusion: The study results show that there is a significant positive relationship between word-of-mouth marketing and cultural values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Mentoring is an essential component of post-graduate medical training programs worldwide, with potential benefits for both mentors and mentees. While factors associated with mentorship success have been described, studies have focused on intrapersonal characteristics and are largely based in Western academic programs. Mentorship occurs in a broader environmental milieu, and in an Asian context, cultural factors such as respect for authority, hierarchy and collectivism are likely to affect mentoring relationships. We aim to explore the lived experience of mentors within an Asian postgraduate medical training program, and thus identify challenges and develop best practices for effective mentoring. Methods: 14 faculty mentors from a post-graduate paediatric residency program were interviewed between October 2021 to September 2022. Data was collected through semi-structured one-on-one interviews, with participants chosen via purposeful sampling. Qualitative analysis was done via a systematic process for phenomenological inquiry, with interviews thematically coded separately by 2 independent reviewers and checked for consistency. Results: 4 main thematic concepts were identified: "professional, but also personal", "respect and hierarchy", "harmony and avoidance of open conflict" and the "importance of trust and establishing a familial relationship". Mentors also highlighted the value of structure in Asian mentoring relationships. Conclusion: Cultural factors, which are deeply rooted in social norms and values, play an important role in shaping mentoring relationships in an Asian context. Mentoring programs should be tailored to leverage on the unique cultural norms and values of the region in order to promote career growth and personal development of trainees and mentors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wicker home products, handcrafted from sustainable materials such as willow, vine, and bamboo, embody principles of sustainable development. However, they face a lack of clear appeal among young consumers in the Chinese market. This study utilizes the AHP-CRITIC-TOPSIS method to examine user preferences for Funan Wicker home products to enhance the original products based on young users' choices in the contemporary era. Using the AHP method, 14 evaluation indicators were selected across three key factors and determined subjective weights. Objective weights were calculated using the CRITIC method to establish a comprehensive ranking. Subsequently, the TOPSIS method was employed to evaluate and order the nine design alternatives. The findings highlight a strong emphasis on emotional criteria in the evaluation process, with variables such as Weaving Fineness, Stress Release, Pleasure, and Cultural Value significantly influencing user preference. According to the calculations, the program IX with the highest proximity emerged as the optimal choice. Based on these results, the study refines design focus and quantitative indexes for willow home product designers, proposing innovative design methods that offer theoretical support and practical guidance for the development of willow products in Funan, China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to identify factors that affect the health behaviors of married immigrant women and Korean husbands towards their young children. Our cross-sectional descriptive study included 169 married immigrant women and 143 Korean husbands. Data were collected through self-report questionnaires and analyzed using multiple regression, with SPSS/Win 23.0 software. The significant differences between married immigrant women and Korean husbands included parental health behavior towards young children (t = 4.66, p < 0.001), parenting efficacy (t = 3.73, p < 0.001), intercultural adaptation attitudes (t = 4.94, p < 0.001) and family strength (t = 2.52, p = 0.012). Parental health behavior was significantly positively correlated with parenting efficacy, intercultural adaptation attitudes, and family strength, in both married immigrant women and Korean husbands. A multiple regression analysis showed that the factors affecting parental health behavior in married immigrant women were family strength (β = 0.31, p < 0.001) and intercultural adaptation attitudes (β = 0.25, p = 0.002), whereas factors affecting Korean husbands were family strength (β = 0.36, p < 0.001) and parenting efficacy (β = 0.19, p = 0.046). Specifically, the factors that most influenced parental health behavior was family strength, for both married immigrant women and Korean husbands. Considering the results of this study, a family-focused approach is necessary to promote parental health behaviors toward young children in multicultural families. Furthermore, intervention strategies should be implemented to support the intercultural adaptation attitudes of parents in multicultural families and improve the parenting of Korean husbands. Highlights: Individual and family factors influencing intercultural couples' health behaviors towards young children should be considered. Family strength was a significant influencing factor on parental health behavior in both parents. For married immigrant women, intercultural adaptation attitudes affected their health-promoting behaviors, but not parenting self-efficacy. For Korean husbands, parenting self-efficacy affected their health-promoting behaviors, but not intercultural adaptation attitudes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This commentary discusses a principal contribution of Monocello et al.'s paper presenting a cultural models approach to body fatness perceptions, which provides a rigorous and systematic means of identifying analytic categories that are locally meaningful, in contrast to categories derived from a solely universalizing perspective. In situating their work within an underrepresented population in eating disorders research—young men in South Korea—the authors step beyond the constraints of a universalizing, or etic, framework for probing how body dissatisfaction relates to eating disorder risk. The value of an alternative analytic framework, based on a culturally local, or emic, perspective on how bodies are perceived is demonstrated through the use of a cultural models approach exploring the relationship between culturally defined conceptualizations of body image and eating disorder risk. Understanding such relationships and the meanings attributed to the myriad aspects of body image through locally grounded frameworks provides an essential tool for investigators and clinicians to better understand the lived experience of body dissatisfaction and disordered eating, and also to inform more culturally salient approaches to diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. An emic approach that centers local perspectives and priorities also facilitates participation of communities underrepresented in research in knowledge production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emotional security theory explains effects of interparental conflict (IPC) on family relationships. Further, relations between religiosity and marriage have been investigated. The aim of the current study is to establish a relationship between these two separate lines of research. We examined perception of IPC and emotional insecurity among emerging adults and how personal and perceived parental intrinsic religiosity (IR) moderated the association between IPC and emotional insecurity. First, the higher the IPC, the higher the scores on emotional insecurity. Second, moderator effects were found for both personal and perceived paternal IR. The findings implicated a protective role IR against IPC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While technology affords creation of digital collections, and promises access to all, the reality is that many cultural data collections exist in a precarious ecosystem, where erratic funding, fragmented support, and disconnected expertise threaten their continued existence. As a significant branch of the broader information ecosystem, cultural data collections range in size and scope, from national institutions to bespoke local collections supported by individuals. This exploratory, qualitative study engaged cultural data experts in Australia, Canada, and the United Kingdom to map the broad cultural data ecosystem and to identify opportunities for healthier growth. The development and maintenance of cultural data collections requires integration across the spheres of expertise of creators, curators, subject matter experts, information science, and computing and technology. The foundational structural elements of the ecosystem include funding, policies, access to existing data, community context, and technological infrastructure. The key elements of a healthy data ecosystem are clarity of purpose, user‐focused design, sustainability, allied coproduction, and reciprocal interconnection. A healthier cultural data ecosystem means more collections and initiatives will have positive impacts for research, knowledge, and diverse communities, contributing positively to the broader information ecosystem and to society, at large. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As digitally enabled information systems play an increasingly central role in culture and economics, their negative consequences have become apparent. This guest editorial addresses the urgent need for information scientists to take a more deliberate stance in designing and guiding the evolution of these systems. We propose a framework for conceptualizing "healthier information ecosystems" by drawing on theories from complex systems and ecological research, grounded in a value‐oriented approach. The article reviews key concepts from systems science, complex systems, and ecology, with a focus on ecosystem and adaptation research. These perspectives offer analytical approaches for decomposing information ecosystems and provide a foundation for understanding "health" in the context of evolving, open systems. Unlike natural ecosystems, information ecosystems must be evaluated according to human values; thus, we articulate a set of values as a starting point for defining health in this context. By introducing insights from beyond the field of information systems, we aim to instigate scholarly dialog, connect prior work in new ways, and reveal new opportunities for research and intervention. This connective and argumentative contribution is intended to guide future research and identify solutions to the proliferating problems in our current information ecosystems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article describes the lighting policy framework of Het Nieuwe Instituut, the national museum and archive for architecture, design and digital culture in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. The framework combines relative cultural value, light sensitivity and acceptable loss of value due to colour change into recommended annual light doses for objects. To fit the blueprints into the policy, the loss of value upon fading and regain of the blue colour was studied. As other studies have shown, the fading of Prussian blue due to photo-reduction was reversed by the oxidation of the formed Prussian white in the dark. Overall colour changes remained unnoticeable to the naked eye. Although blueprints are highly sensitive to light, the loss of value after exhibition is minimal, therefore display possibilities are wider than thought. Nonetheless, pristine blueprints should be displayed with care when their colour is a character-determining feature. Additionally, some architectural drawings may look like blueprints but have been produced by different techniques and may fall in the 'high' light sensitivity class as they can never regain their colour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sexual aggression is a major problem on U.S. college and university campuses, with about 20% of college women reporting experiences of nonconsensual sexual contact during their time in college and one in 15 college men reporting perpetrating behaviors that would qualify as rape. To address this challenge, we examined conceptual, empirical, and practical insights from the science of social norms that can guide psychologists' work in the prevention of U.S. college men's sexual aggression perpetration. Although social norms—the rules and customs that communicate what people do or approve of—have been widely applied in different fields of study, their potential in preventing college men's sexually aggressive behaviors has not been fully realized. Therefore, guided by feminist, cultural, and ecological perspectives, we explored how prevention practice on college men's sexual aggression perpetration can benefit from examining six facets of social norms. Specifically, a comprehensive approach to preventing college men's sexual aggression perpetration should (a) address different types of norms (e.g., descriptive, injunctive, and prescriptive norms), (b) target multiple behaviors and attitudes, (c) tackle both generic- and situation-specific norms, (d) seek to change both perceived and collective norms, (e) deploy diverse sources of normative information about antisexual aggression norms (summative information, individuals' behaviors, and institutional signals), and (f) strengthen positive norms by increasing their prevalence and importance. Public Significance Statement: In this article, we explain how knowledge of social norms research and practice can enhance psychologists' work in preventing U.S. college men's perpetration of sexual aggression. Specifically, a comprehensive approach to preventing college men's sexual aggression should address different types of norms, target multiple behaviors and situations, change individual-level and collective norms, deploy diverse sources of norms, and strengthen positive norms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Adopting a social psychological approach, across three studies (N = 927) in two western immigrant‐receiving societies (UK and Canada), we examined the role of honour in acculturation variables (i.e., immigrants' heritage and mainstream cultural orientation and well‐being), controlling for some of the commonly studied predictors of immigrant adaptation. We assessed honour as concern (Studies 1 and 2) and as a desired attribute for men and women (Study 3) and studied well‐being in terms of acculturative stress (Study 1) and subjective evaluation of one's life (Studies 1 and 3). We examined our questions among groups of immigrants originating from honour (Studies 1 and 2) and dignity cultural groups (Study 1) and from first‐ and second‐generation immigrants (Study 3). Overall, despite some significant associations at the bivariate level between honour and acculturation outcomes, findings provided mixed support for the claim that honour (measured as concerns and cultural codes) plays a significant role in immigrant acculturation above and beyond commonly studied predictors of immigrant adaptation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understanding the role of cultural value endorsement in promoting positive parenting is important for studies on Mexican-origin fathers who face risks for exposure to psychological stress. Studies have yet to account for specific cultural values that are particularly pertinent to Mexican-origin fathers. Using a community sample of U.S. Mexican-origin fathers (N = 85) of 3 to 6-year-old children, this study tested the independent influences of psychological distress and three cultural values (familismo, respeto, caballerismo) on fathers' positive parenting practices, and whether endorsement of these cultural values moderates these associations. Findings from hierarchical linear regression analyses indicated an inverse relationship between psychological distress and supportive coparenting when fathers endorsed low levels of familismo along with an inverse link between psychological distress and father accessibility and engagement when fathers reported low levels of respeto. The findings point to the implications of considering culturally-specific factors that foster positive parenting to inform interventions among Mexican-origin families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emerging evidence indicates that perceptions of self-harm behaviours and self-harm scars may thwart recovery from depression, yet limited research has explored adolescent accounts of their self-harm and scars during therapy. This study sought to explore how adolescents describe their self-harm behaviours and scars during Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) and explore the sociocultural discourses that may influence these descriptions. The participants were six female adolescents (aged 14-17 years old) with clinical depression, who were engaging in self-harm. All participants accessed CBT as part of clinical trial evaluating three psychological treatments for major depressive disorder in Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services. Audio-taped CBT sessions were analyzed using discourse analysis. Within CBT sessions, adolescents drew upon stigma discourses in talking about their self-harm. Adolescent also described their self-harm scars as shameful and stigmatizing, and as "proof" of the legitimacy of their depression. It is important for CBT practitioners to understand the context of sociocultural discourses around self-harm behaviours and self-harm scars, which are reflected in how adolescents with depression describe these within therapy and may serve to maintain distress. The study indicates that awareness of use of language and intersecting sociocultural discourses can inform CBT practice. Plain language summary: We know that when teenagers are in treatment for depression, perceptions of their self-harming behaviours and self-harm scars can impact recovery. We also know that wider sociocultural beliefs around self-harm tend to be negative and stigmatizing, which might impact how teenagers perceive their self-harm and scars. This study aimed to explore how depressed adolescents talk about their self-harm behaviours and their self-harm scars during therapy for depression. The participants in this study were six female teenagers (aged 14-17 years old) with depression, who were engaging in self-harm. These teenagers participated in a type of therapy called Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy as a part of a larger study evaluating treatments for teenage depression in Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services in the UK. The therapy sessions were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed with a focus on the language used by the teenagers to describe their self-harm and scars. Within the therapy sessions, the teenagers talked about their self-harm in stigmatizing ways, which reflected prominent societal-held beliefs about self-harm. The teenagers in the study also believed that while their self-harm scars were shameful and stigmatizing, the scars also provided a sense of validation that their depression was legitimate. The findings of this study suggest that it could be helpful for therapists to consider how wider sociocultural beliefs around self-harm may impact how teenagers talk about their self-harm and scars in treatment for depression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Morocco preserves manuscripts of significant scientific and cultural value, which require presentation, verification, and study. The importance of studying the book "The Sign of Happiness in Common Foods" lies in the fact that it serves as a scientific reference point for understanding the principles of nutrition and medicinal herbs during the Middle Ages, especially in the Islamic world. Objective: Manuscript books represent a cultural and scientific treasure for Moroccan and humanity civilizations. Therefore, they require uncovering, displaying, and studying. Our work in this context involves presenting and studying the manuscript book titled "The Sign of Happiness in Usual Foods by Sheikh Al-Faqih Al-Tabib Abu Al-Hassan Ali Ibn Hassan AlMarrakushi,". Methodology: The study entailed comparing the information in the Manuscript book regarding nutritional rules and medicinal herbs with the data of modern nutrition science, through bibliographic research in databases like Google Scholar, Elsevier, and PubMed, and with the latest research and studies in the fields of nutrition and medicinal plants. To present the manuscript, we used two copies. One from the Royal Library in Rabat, and the other from the Islamic Library in Saudi Arabia, at Imam Muhammad ibn Saud Islamic University. Both copies are undated, so we used the clearer copy as the main version, and compared it with the second copy to achieve the book as the author intended in his lifetime. Results: Presenting the manuscript book in in printed form and adjusting its text, and extracting the principles of nutrition and medicinal herbs from the manuscript. Conclusion: In addition to the cultural aspect, this manuscript book addresses important scientific issues in nutrition and medical herbs that have been confirmed by modern scientific data. that's why it is necessary to study of manuscripts and to highlight the contributions of Muslim scholars to the advancement and development of sciences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The population of people living with dementia (PLwD) continues to grow in Japan where advance care planning (ACP) for PLwD is relatively new. Our aim was to evaluate the feasibility and cultural acceptability of a dementia‐specific ACP communication skills toolkit for Japanese primary care clinicians. Methods: We delivered 13 training sessions in primary care clinics across central Japan and conducted a post‐training survey to assess whether the toolkit increased confidence in dementia‐specific ACP communication skills and the acceptability of the toolkit with the following four statements: (1) The language in the sessions was clear, (2) The sessions took an appropriate amount of time to complete, (3) The design of the sessions was an effective educational method, and (4) The sessions were culturally appropriate for communication with Japanese patients with dementia and their family members. We asked participants to respond using a 5‐point Likert scale from strongly agree to strongly disagree. Results: All participants were Japanese and included 80 physicians (mean age 39.8 years), 33 nurses (mean age 45.7 years), and 58 other participants (mean age 42.9 years), who were 30.0%, 87.9%, and 55.2% female, respectively. Most participants practiced in rural settings. In pre‐ post‐comparisons, participant confidence increased in determining capacity, understanding dementia prognosis, goals of care, eliciting surrogates, recommending self‐care practices to families, and leading family meetings (all p < 0.001). Most participants strongly agreed or agreed that the toolkit was an effective method (96.9%), took an appropriate amount of time (94.5%), contained clear language (89.8%), and was culturally appropriate (73.6%). Conclusions: Dementia‐specific ACP communication skills toolkit can be delivered in Japan. Japanese primary care clinicians generally felt the dementia‐specific ACP toolkit increased their confidence in ACP communication skills and was acceptable. The language, time, and design were well received, though further work is needed to improve the cultural appropriateness of the toolkit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to examine leadership for learning practices across the world by establishing profiles of leadership at school and country levels. Consequently, the study brings to our attention the (ir)relevance of school and system features for leadership for learning. The paper contributes to the field through the use of an extensive exploratory approach across a varied set of school leadership measures collected from both teachers and principals and contextualized in 42 different educational systems participating in the Teaching and Learning International Survey (TALIS) 2018. Consequently, this work has the potential to generate hypotheses regarding the understanding of the complex nature of school leadership worldwide. Surprisingly, the findings reveal that clusters at the country level primarily do not reflect countries with geographical, linguistic, or political proximity. Such clusters were expected, given the evidence found in the literature that shows leadership to largely be determined by contextual, societal, and cultural values. Nevertheless, the analysis identifies five profiles of leadership across schools, the majority of which can be found in most countries participating in TALIS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]