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The article presents the results of a study which investigated gender-based differences in the metabolic oxidation of fats and carbohydrates during treadmill walking at a self-selected pace. An overview of related previous research is provided, along with details of the experimental protocol, which included a maximal exercise test.

The article discusses a study on the impact of environmental settings on the physiological, perceptual, and affective responses to self-paced treadmill and overground exercise in healthy men and women. The participants of the study were instructed to refrain from exercise, avoid caffeinated products in 24 h preceding the tests, and to present themselves in a 2 h postabsorptive state. Participants underwent an initial screening, anthropometric measurements, and experimental procedures familiarization during the orientation session. It reveals that physiological, perceptual, and affective responses to a self-paced exercise were influenced by the environmental setting wherein a self-paced overground walking protocol led in lower exercise intensity and reduced perceived exertion.

The aim of this study was to examine physiological, perceptual, and affective responses during self-paced walking for three age groups. 66 adult women were assigned into three groups by age: 20-25 yr. (n = 22), 30-35 yr. (n = 22), and 40-45 yr. (n=22). Each participant completed a maximal exercise test and a 20-min. bout of walking at a self-selected pace. The preferred walking speed was similar for all age groups, whereas physiological responses relative to maximal and ventilatory threshold values were greater in the 40-45 yr. group than the other two groups. Nevertheless, perceptual and affective responses were similar for all age groups. These findings suggest that physiological responses, but not perceptual and affective responses, of sedentary women are associated with age during walking at a self-selected pace. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of adiposity (%body fat) on physiological, perceptual, and affective responses during walking. 45 women were divided into low, medium, and high tertiles according to %body fat. Each participant completed a maximal exercise test and a 20-min. bout of walking at a self-selected pace. The preferred walking speed was similar among groups, whereas %VO2 max was greater in the high tertile group compared with the other two groups. Nevertheless, perceptual and affective responses were similar between the groups. These findings suggest that physiological responses relative to maximal capacity, but not perceptual and affective responses, of sedentary women are influenced by adiposity during walking at a self-selected pace. However, when the physiological responses are relative to ventilatory threshold, there are no differences between individuals with different levels of adiposity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to examine whether environmental settings influence psychological and physiological responses of women with obesity during self-paced walking, 38 women performed two exercise sessions (treadmill and outdoors) for 30 min, where oxygen uptake, heart rate, ratings of perceived exertion, affect, attentional focus, enjoyment, and future intentions to walk were analyzed. Physiological responses were similar during both sessions. However, during outdoor exercise, participants displayed higher externally focused attention, positive affect, and lower ratings of perceived exertion, followed by greater enjoyment and future intention to participate in outdoor walking. The more externally focused attention predicted greater future intentions to participate in walking. Therefore, women with obesity self-selected an appropriate exercise intensity to improve fitness and health in both environmental settings. Also, self-paced outdoor walking presented improved psychological responses. Health care professionals should consider promoting outdoor forms of exercise to maximize psychological benefits and promote long-term adherence to a physically active lifestyle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The object of this investigation was to establish a group-normalized perceptual response, using the Borg 15-category rating of perceived exertion (RPE) scale, that is consistent with the Surgeon General's recommendations for physical activity intensity. This normalized response is defined as a range of RPEs corresponding to a target physiological outcome during exercise common to a specified group of individuals. 24 college-age students (12 men; 12 women) underwent a progressive exercise test administered on a semi recumbent leg cycle machine to estimate VO[sub 2] peak and 12 6-min. exercise trials on a combined arm and leg exercise machine. Three trials were conducted per day, and at least 24 hr. separated testing sessions. RPEs between 7 and 10 were consistently estimated during trials categorized as light to moderately intense (35 to 53% VO[sub 2] peak). These exercise intensities resulted in an energy expenditure of between 5.38 (SD=1.37) to 7.56 (SD=0.60) and 3.58 (SD=0.58) to 5.30 (SD=0.97) kcal·min.[sup -1] for these men and women, respectively. RPEs corresponding to 7: extremely light to 10: very light or light are sufficient in healthy young college students to achieve the target activity with respect to exercise intensity. Therefore, this group normalized perceptual response, i.e., RPE=7 to 10, may be expressed as a prescriptive reference enabling college-age individuals to produce an exercise intensity designed to promote health and studied longitudinally to assess the effects long term. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: the study aims to determine the association between adiposity and fitness with urinary incontinence (UI) in older women. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]