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A reliable data analysis center plays a crucial role in the successful execution of a space mission. The Science Operation and Data analysis Center (SODC) of Advanced Space-based Solar Observatory (ASO-S) is a bridge between the science team of ASO-S and data users (Huang et al. 2019). ASO-S plays a crucial role in understanding the solar eruptions (such as flares and coronal mass ejections) and the magnetism behind them. In this article, we outline the current status of ASO-S, as well as its data products and analysis software. These resources aid in the enhanced understanding of solar magnetism and its associated energetic eruptions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At present, data trading venues have been built all over the country, and listed data products have hit new highs, but onsite data trading is still not active. After comprehensive analysis of data products listed in the current major data trading venues, it was proposed that the lack of asset characteristics of data products is the main reason for the current "more listed data goods but less trading". Then, three requirements of asset characteristics of data products were discussed, and a basic framework for data product assetization was proposed, including the path of realizing value, the listing principle of "assets are listed", the asset verification framework of data product, the infrastructure of development-utilization-trading-circulation, operational trading logic of "listing is assets" and the regular mechanism of evaluation, review and warning. This provides a reference for data product transactions and boom the construction of data market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Data are invaluable. How can we assess the value of data objectively, systematically and quantitatively? Pricing data, or information goods in general, has been studied and practiced in dispersed areas and principles, such as economics, marketing, electronic commerce, data management, data mining and machine learning. In this article, we present a unified, interdisciplinary and comprehensive overview of this important direction. We examine various motivations behind data pricing, understand the economics of data pricing and review the development and evolution of pricing models according to a series of fundamental principles. We discuss both digital products and data products. We also consider a series of challenges and directions for future work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Same as those usual product markets, data products circulating in a data market can be categorized into standard products and non-standard products. Currently, standardized data products such as music, images and video clips are effectively circulating in the market, while large-scale big data product in a broad sense is facing numerous circulation obstacles. One such obstacle is the measurement and valuation of data products, which requires a measurable standard data product form to solve. On the basis of the data box model, Boxed Data was proposed, as a standard form of data products. A data product that adopts the form of Boxed Data consists of two parts, which are inbox data and packing materials. Inbox data refers to the cubic data structure with three dimensions of time, space and content, which generally includes images, shapes, videos, sound, text, structured data and other types of data. Packing materials includes product registration certificate, product instructions, product quality certificate, product compliance certificate and other documents. Boxed Data aims to provide data factor market with a standard data product form which is measurable and evaluable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Developing the markets of data as a factor of production is the key in the efficient allocation of data factor. However, the early practices of data markets in China have revealed a series of problems, which urgently calls for a systematic review and analysis on the data market theoretical mechanisms. The circulation process of data products was analyzed from different perspectives, such as transaction cost theory, electronic market framework, and electronic trading mode. And it was further proposed that the effects of the data computability were two-fold. On the one hand, the computability enabled data to be analyzed so as to fit in the specific demand in certain industries. On the other hand, the computability was also likely to remove the data transaction process from the market, also known as platform disintermediation. Based on the classical theoretical framework of electronic market, the offerings of data products were divided into four quadrants and analysis was conducted correspondingly. Finally, suggestions for data product suppliers and data transaction platform providers were put forward. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For a long time, the purpose of data quality research is to fulfill requirements of the normal operation of the organization’s own information system. With the construction and development of data market, the requirements on data quality have changed from “self-use” to “other use” and “need for supervision”. The data products quality in the data market is the focus of data users (buyers) and market regulators. The demands of users and regulators for data product quality were analyzed, and a framework of data product quality was proposed innovatively. On this basis, taking BoxedData as an example, the corresponding quality dimensions, quality indicators and quality assessment models were construct from three aspects of time, space and content integrity. The quality framework was suitable for detecting and assessing resource data products, and could provide effective detection methods and standards for data product buyers and market regulators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Universal Hydrographic Data Model is a new generation of marine geographic information data model, referred to as S-100 standard. In addition to supporting Electronic Navigational Charts (ENC) production, S-100 can be used as a Geographic Information System standard to model all maritime objects. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out a comprehensive study on S-100. In this review, we begin with a succinct overview of the history and development of S-100. Then we discussed the problems of S-100 and the corresponding solutions. Finally, some research directions of S-100 are proposed to provide reference for future research and application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We provide an overview of data products from observations by the Japanese Venus Climate Orbiter, Akatsuki, and describe the definition and content of each data-processing level. Levels 1 and 2 consist of non-calibrated and calibrated radiance (or brightness temperature), respectively, as well as geometry information (e.g., illumination angles). Level 3 data are global-grid data in the regular longitude-latitude coordinate system, produced from the contents of Level 2. Non-negligible errors in navigational data and instrumental alignment can result in serious errors in the geometry calculations. Such errors cause mismapping of the data and lead to inconsistencies between radiances and illumination angles, along with errors in cloud-motion vectors. Thus, we carefully correct the boresight pointing of each camera by fitting an ellipse to the observed Venusian limb to provide improved longitude-latitude maps for Level 3 products, if possible. The accuracy of the pointing correction is also estimated statistically by simulating observed limb distributions. The results show that our algorithm successfully corrects instrumental pointing and will enable a variety of studies on the Venusian atmosphere using Akatsuki data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polar sea ice is an important input to global climate models and is considered to be a sensitive indicator of climate change. While originally designed only for wind estimation, radar backscatter measurements collected by wind scatterometers have proven useful for estimating the extent of sea ice. During the Quick Scatterometer (QuikSCAT) mission, SeaWinds data were used to operationally map the sea ice extent. The resulting sea ice maps were used to mask near-surface winds to support SeaWinds' primary mission of measuring near-surface winds over the ocean. This paper describes the operational SeaWinds sea ice extent mapping algorithm, provides validation comparisons, and presents results from the ten-year data product. Starting with enhanced resolution horizontal polarization and vertical polarization backscatter images, the algorithm employs an iterative maximum-likelihood classifier with fixed thresholds to segment sea ice and open ocean pixels. Residual classification errors are reduced through binary image processing techniques and sea ice growth/retreat constraint methods. The algorithm results are compared with sea ice concentrations derived from Special Sensor Microwave/Imager data and with RADARSAT synthetic aperture radar imagery. The results suggest differences in the sensitivities of active and passive products given their channel sets and specific algorithms. Derived sea ice extents over the full decade-long QuikSCAT mission data set are analyzed to show important trends in sea ice extent for the Antarctic and Arctic regions. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

An advanced computer and communication technology was used to develop an integrated system and software tools for managing a great diversity of oceanographic data collected in the Mediterranean Sea during 1996–2000. Data were obtained during 108 sea cruises, carried out within the framework of the large-scale international research project MATER (mass transfer and ecosystem response), which was financially supported by the Marine Science and Technology (MAST) Programme of the European Union (EU). Data collection involved the active participation of various research vessels and personnel coming from 58 different laboratories of 13 countries. Data formatting as well as automatic and visual data quality controls were implemented using internationally accepted standards and procedures. Various data inventories and meta-data information, accessible through the World Wide Web (WWW), are made available to the user community. A database was developed, which, along with meta-data and other data relevant to the project information, is made available to the user community in the form of a CD-ROM. The database consists of 5861 vertical profiles and 842 time series of basic physical and biogeochemical parameters collected in the seawater column as well as biogeochemical parameters from the analysis of 70 sediment cores. Furthermore, it includes 67 cruise data files of nonstandard additional biological and atmospheric parameters. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Donoho’s article “50 Years of Data Science” is a well-thought explanation of a newly developed discipline called “data science.” In this article, we examine his explanations and suggestions about data science, follow-up on some of the issues he mentioned, and share our experiences in developing a data science curriculum and the teaching of related courses. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]