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The paper discusses how 'new heritage' is created in a fragile institutional context by analysing the example of the historical complex Tzari Mali Grad (TMG) in Bulgaria. The analysis builds upon Regina Bendix's notion of 'communities of patrons' and further develops its analytical potential. The article focuses on the hierarchical community structures; on the transformation of patrons into leaders; on the dynamics of patrons' engagement with heritage which we call 'spiral of involvement'; and on the specifics of the fragile post-socialist context, which allows individual actors to substitute public institutions by restricting their power in heritage decision making. To explore the case, we triangulate qualitative and quantitative data. We conclude that this is an instrumental approach towards heritage, focused on the needs of the present rather than on the heritage's authenticity. This contextual specificity allows individual patrons to become heritage leaders and to cultivate communities of patrons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Submerged cultured higher basidiomycetes were screened for milk-clotting activity. The native liquid of Coprinus lagopides demonstrated high milk-clotting activity, while having relatively low general proteolytic activity. Optimization of growth media composition and ultrafiltration of the native liquid allows increasing the ratio of milk-clotting and proteolytic activities. The Enzyme was purified and characterized. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Aqueous extracts from fruit bodies and mycelia of various higher Basidiomycetes were studied in search for reliable biological effects. In vitro and in vivo experiments were conducted. The results showed that the aqueous extracts demonstrated various types of marked biological actions: an increased production of reactive oxygen forms by neutrophil cells of human peripheral blood; a significant mitogenic activity in a wide range of concentrations; stimulation on production of inflammatory cytokines interleukine 1-β and interleukine-8 by peripheral blood cells; a decrease in both average tumor size in mice with transplanted melanoma B16 and a manifestation of tumorous intoxication; and a prolongation in the survival rate of such mice. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]