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Les troubles du spectre autistique (TSA) peuvent altérer l'état nutritionnel des enfants. Cette étude visait à évaluer les apports alimentaires journaliers (AAJ) en micronutriments, ainsi que la fréquence de consommation (FC) de différents groupes d'aliments, chez des enfants atteints de TSA et à les comparer à ceux d'enfants au développement typique (DT). Elle permettra par ailleurs, de déterminer dans quelle mesure ces apports sont en accord avec les recommandations diététiques (RDA). L'étude comprenait 52 enfants, dont 26 porteurs d'autisme (PA) et 26 au DT. Les AAJ ainsi que les FC ont été évalués au moyen d'un carnet alimentaire de sept jours. Parmi les AAJ, seule la Vit B12 était significativement différente entre les cas et les témoins, mais l'apport était supérieur aux recommandations dans les deux groupes étudiés. Tous les enfants avaient des AAJ inférieurs aux RDA, pour ce qui était du fer, du calcium ainsi que des vitamines E et K1. Toutefois, l'inadéquation aux recommandations la plus marquante concernait les AAJ en fer (6,95 ± 2,87 mg/j vs 7,04 ± 2,98 mg/j, p > 0,05 ; RDA égale à 10 mg/j) en raison d'une faible consommation de produits carnés ; ainsi qu'en calcium (406,96 mg/j vs 399,46 mg/j, p > 0,05 ; RDA de 1000 mg/j). La plupart des enfants présentaient une FC de produits laitiers inférieure à la fréquence de consommation recommandée. Cette étude souligne l'intérêt d'une meilleure orientation diététique pour les deux groupes étudiés, avec une attention particulière pour les enfants PA afin d'éviter toute complication des TSA. Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) can affect the nutritional status of children. This study aimed to assess the daily dietary intakes (DDI) of micronutrients, as well as the frequency of consumption (FC) of different food groups, in children with ASD and compare them to those with typical development (TD). It will also determine to what extent these intakes comply with the Recommanded Dietary Allowances (RDA). The study included 52 children, 26 with ASD and 26 with TD. DDI and FC were gathered using a 7-day food diary. Among the DDI of micronutrient, only Vit B12 showed a significant difference between cases and controls, but the DDI was higher than the recommendations in both groups studied. All the children of our study sample had DDI lower than the RDA, in iron, calcium, vitamins E and K1. However, the most notable discrepancy with the recommendations was observed in iron intake (6.95 ± 2.87 mg/d vs 7.04 ± 2.98 mg/d, p > 0.05; RDA equal to 10 mg/d) primarily due to low consumption of meat products, and in calcium (406.96 mg/d vs 399.46 mg/d, p > 0.05; RDA of 1000 mg/d). Most of the children in this study had a FC of dairy products below the recommended consumption frequency. This study highlights the importance of improving dietary guidance for both groups studied, with particular attention to children with ASD to avoid any complications of ASD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Several studies have raised possible associations between high selenium exposure and type 2 diabetes. Here we investigate the association between dietary selenium intake and the risk of type 2 diabetes in a female population from western Algeria. The analytical study included a total sample of 290 women, 140 type 2 diabetics and 150 controls. The dietary selenium intake has been measured by a 72-hour dietary recall. The odds ratio (OR) and the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were used to determine the relationship between dietary selenium intake and diabetes through logistic regression. The quartile in the range of recommended dietary selenium intake was considered as a reference. The average level of dietary selenium intake was 72.40 μg/day in diabetics and 70.30 μg/day in controls (P > 0.05). The odds ratio for diabetes, comparing the highest quartile of dietary selenium intake to the reference quartile was 2.21 (95% CI 1.06–4.38; P = 0.036). While the lowest quartile had an odds ratio of 2.52 (95% CI 1.25–5.09; P = 0.010). In conclusion, this study indicates that there is a significant association between the risk of type 2 diabetes and both high and low dietary selenium intake. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]