Search

• The exchange bias of NiFe/NiMn/NiFe is lower than NiFe/NiMn. • Domain walls in NiMn layer get suppressed in NiFe/NiMn/NiFe trilayer. • We proposed a model to account for the experimental results. In this work, we prepared Ni 81 Fe 19 /Ni 50 Mn 50 bilayers and Ni 81 Fe 19 /Ni 50 Mn 50 /Ni 81 Fe 19 trilayers by magnetron sputtering. In order to determine whether the main contribution to the exchange bias is the ferromagnetic (FM)/antiferromagnetic (AFM) interface effect or the AFM bulk effect, the relationships between the exchange bias field and the top layer thickness, AFM layer and bottom layer were studied. The measured data show that the values of the exchange bias field were much smaller for trilayers than bilayers. This reduction is mainly caused by the thickness of the top Ni 81 Fe 19 layer; the value of the exchange bias field becomes small when the thickness of the top layer is large. It was also observed that the exchange bias field decreases with the thickness of the bottom Ni 81 Fe 19 layer, which is consistent with the top layer thickness dependence. Such a behavior can be explained by the pinned uncompensated moments inside the bulk of the AFM layer. The results indicate that the Ni 50 Mn 50 layer contains a lower amount of pinned uncompensated moments in the Ni 81 Fe 19 /Ni 50 Mn 50 /Ni 81 Fe 19 trilayer than in the bilayer films, which leads to a reduction in the exchange bias field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • PREO restores intestinal barrier integrity. • PREO promotes tight junction (TJ) protein ZO-1, Occludin and mucin protein MUC2 expressions. • PREO modulates oxidative and inflammatory stress. • PREO recovers the mucosal injury through the TLR4-NF-κB pathway. Rosa rugosa cv. Plena is a 'drug homologous food' in China with a long history. Pingyin rose essential oil (PREO) is a mixture of compounds extracted from blooming R. rugosa cv. Plena. With its elegant smell and excellent effects on oxidative stress and inflammation alleviation, PREO is wildly used in the food industry as a popular additive. We aimed to decipher if the PREO could alleviate and restore dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced barrier integrity damages. The results showed that a 7-day PREO (15 μL/kg) treatment alleviated the colitis symptoms by improving disease activity index (DAI) scores through weight loss, occult blood, and colon shortening. The expression of tight junction proteins and the enzyme activities of superoxide dismutases (SOD), and catalase (CAT) increased while nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), and myeloperoxidase (MPO) production decreased in PREO-treated C57BL6 female mice. PREO treatment inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6. Further, PREO modulated the composition of the gut microbiota and Spearman's correlation analysis revealed a positive effect. The transcriptome analysis and western blot results indicated that PREO might ameliorate intestinal barrier dysfunction in this study via the TLR4-NF-kB signaling pathway. We hypothesized that PREO has preventive potential against gut disorders and could serve as a functional food additive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]