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Despite strategies to prevent mother-to-child transmission of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), infected children continue to be born. The aim of this study was to describe the status of children infected with HIV due to mother-to-child transmission. Between 2012 and 2018, 84 children were born with HIV in hospitals in Lima and Callao. Of the 68 cases included in this study, 82% of the mothers did not receive antiretroviral treatment and 25% had a negative HIV test during pregnancy. As for the children, 59% were diagnosed with HIV after one year of age, 82% had a viral load below 1,000 copies and 87% were considered healthy. Early diagnosis and treatment of the child with HIV is associated with better quality of life. It is necessary to carry out studies to identify the critical aspects of prenatal care in order to eliminate vertical HIV transmission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic varies in each population; it has been complicating health systems worldwide. Objective: to analyze the evolution of the Covid-19 pandemic, estimating the effect of the containment measures practiced in Peru. Material and Method: The SIR epidemiological mathematical modeling was applied, estimating the COVID-19 evolution in our population. Data analysis was performed following the SIR mathematical model with defined ordinary differential equations to simulate epidemiological behavior; and it was executed in the RStudio programming language. Results: Containment measures decreased the propagation rate, reducing 30% of infected cases until the peak day of infection; however, it is still above the effective reproductive number to control the epidemic and it shows an erratic trend, the result of government actions being 61% in the practice of containment measures. Conclusions: Containment measures are necessary if strategies are considered to make their role effective in our population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Foundation: The threat of preterm birth is a situation that requires a useful and objective test to rule out or confirm the suspected diagnosis. Objectives: to evaluate cervicometry less than or equal to 30 mm as a predictor of preterm birth in Peruvian pregnant women with this risk. Method: a descriptive study, which included 100 women diagnosed with a threat of preterm birth, treated at the Víctor Lazarte Echegaray Hospital, Peru. They were grouped according to the exposure factor: 50 women with cervicometry ≤ 30 mm and another 50 with cervicometry> 30 mm, to assess the occurrence or not of preterm labor. Bivariate and multivariate analysis with a value of p <0.05 was applied; and sensitivity, specificity and predictive values were calculated. Results: the frequency of preterm birth was 46%. There were differences between the groups regarding the occurrence of preterm birth and delivery within seven days of admission. The risk factors detected were: history of preterm birth (RR = 1.48; 95% CI: 1.13-1.95) and cervicometry ≤ 30mm (RR = 3.81; 95% CI: 2.06-7.04). Cervicometry ≤ 30 mm showed sensitivity of 80.43% and specificity of 75.93%. Conclusion: Cervicometry ≤ 30mm is a risk factor for preterm birth in women with this threat; and it can be used as a discriminatory test in those with this condition, regardless of presenting a history of a similar event. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study aimed to describe the perinatal outcomes of newborns of mothers with 2019 coronavirus infection identified before delivery in a level III hospital in Peru. Sociodemographic variables, obstetric complications, and neonatal morbidities were evaluated in the births that occurred between April 1 and June 30, 2020, at the National Maternal Perinatal Institute of Peru. 43 newborns were registered: 93% came from asymptomatic mothers, the most frequent obstetric complications were premature rupture of membranes (18.6%) and pre-eclampsia (11.6%), 65.1% of the births were vaginally, only one of the newborns had a positive result to RT-PCR for COVID-19, the comorbidities of the newborns were prematurity (11.3%) and low birth weight (9.3%); four were admitted to intermediate care and two to intensive care. It is concluded that 2.4% of newborns born to mothers with COVID-19 presented positive molecular test of RT-PCR, 14% of newborns presented morbidity as prematurity, low birth weight, sepsis and pneumonia that required ventilation. Neonatal morbidity was found in newborns whose RT-PCR test was negative for COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Extreme maternal morbidity generates indicators to assess and monitor the risk of maternal death. Objective: To describe the extreme maternal morbidity in Peruvian women attended in a specialized institution in Peru, 2012-2016. Material and Method: Observational, descriptive and transversal study. Patients attended at the National Maternal and Perinatal Institute, between 2012 and 2016 were included. Cases of extreme maternal morbidity were included according to criteria of the Latin American Federation of Obstetrics and Gynecology Societies. The study shows maternal characteristics and outcome indicators. Descriptive and inferential statistics were applied under 95% confidence intervals, using the Stata version 14. Results: The study population was 1245 cases. Multiparity was present in 63.7% of cases, presented on average 4 prenatal controls and 60% of cases had at least one previous cesarean section. The extreme maternal morbidity ratio varied between 10.7 and 17.6 per 1,000 live births, the mortality index was 3%, the extreme maternal morbidity / maternal mortality ratio was 32.8 cases. Conclusions: The average prevalence of extreme maternal morbidity was 13 cases per thousand live births with a tendency to increase in the last three years of the study, mainly due to hypertensive disorders, sepsis and hemorrhages. The outcome indexes of extreme maternal morbidity demonstrate a progressive improvement in the quality of care of patients with a tendency to decrease maternal death. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]