Search

Cancer stands as a serious malady, posing substantial risks to human well‐being and survival. This underscores the paramount necessity to explore and investigate novel antitumor medications. Nitrogen‐containing compounds, especially those derived from natural sources, form a highly significant category of antitumor agents. Among these, antitumor agents with six‐membered aromatic nitrogen heterocycles have consistently attracted the attention of chemists and pharmacologists. Accordingly, we present a comprehensive summary of synthetic strategies and clinical implications of these compounds in this review. This entails an in‐depth analysis of synthesis pathways for pyridine, quinoline, pyrimidine, and quinazoline. Additionally, we explore the historical progression, targets, mechanisms of action, and clinical effectiveness of small molecule inhibitors possessing these structural features. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: The ubiquilin‐like protein ubiquilin 2 (UBQLN2) is associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal degeneration (ALS/FTD). The biological function of UBQLN2 has previously been shown to be related to stress granules (SGs). In this study, we aimed to clarify the regulatory relationship between UBQLN2 and SGs. Methods: In this study, we transfected UBQLN2‐WT or UBQLN2‐P497H plasmids into cell lines (HEK293T, HeLa), and observed the process of SG dynamics by immunofluorescence. Meanwhile, immunoblot analyses the protein changes of stress granules related components. Results: We observed that ubiquilin 2 colocalizes with the SG component proteins G3BP1, TIA‐1, ATXN2, and PABPC1. In cells expressing WT UBQLN2 or P497H mutants, in the early stages of SG formation under oxidative stress, the percentage of cells with SGs and the number of SGs per cell decreased to varying degrees. Between WT and mutant, there was no significant difference in eIF2α activity after stress treatment. Interestingly, the UBQLN2 P497H mutant downregulates the level of TIA‐1. In addition, the overexpression of the UBQLN2 P497H mutant inhibited the phosphorylation of 4E‐BP1 and affected the nucleoplasmic distribution of TDP‐43. Conclusions: Ubiquilin 2 colocalizes with the SG component proteins G3BP1, TIA‐1, ATXN2, and PABPC1. It participates in regulating SG dynamics. And UBQLN2 mutation affects the assembly of stress granules by regulating TIA‐1. In addition, the overexpression of the UBQLN2 P497H mutant inhibited the phosphorylation of 4E‐BP1 and affected the nuclear and cytoplasmic distribution of TDP‐43. These provide new insights into the role of UBQLN2 in oxidative stress and the pathogenesis of ALS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the in-situ bimetallic co-gelation process, the high dispersion of Cu in the Cu/Fe 3 O 4 -BMMA was realized, providing conditions for the efficient elimination of I 2. The adsorption experiments showed that Cu/Fe 3 O 4 -BMMA has good I 2 adsorption capacity (631.3 mg/g) and fast capture kinetics (equilibrium time <30 min). In addition, Cu/Fe 3 O 4 -BMMA was able to effectively remove trace I 2 in the solution from ppm level (1.0 ppm) down to ppb level (≤30 ppb). The adsorbed I 2 was converted into stable CuI, avoiding secondary pollution due to desorption. Notably, the used Cu/Fe 3 O 4 -BMMA was able to be separated from the solution by simple magnetic suction, which greatly improved the efficiency and reduced the recovery cost. Overall, this study provides a potentially efficient iodine capture material for long-term decay storage of radioactive iodine. [Display omitted] • The Cu in Cu/Fe 3 O 4 -BMMA exhibited high reactivity and utilization. • Cu/Fe 3 O 4 -BMMA can effectively reduce I 2 and adsorb it to generate stable CuI. • Cu/Fe 3 O 4 -BMMA exhibited a high removal rate of trace I 2 in actual environments. • The used adsorbents can be rapidly recovered by magnetic adsorption. Adsorption is considered to be one of the most effective methods to remove radioiodine from the solution. However, developing highly efficient adsorbents and the rapid recovery of the used adsorbents is still a challenge. Here, a series of Cu/Fe 3 O 4 bimetallic mutual-doping magnetic aerogels (Cu/Fe 3 O 4 -BMMA) were synthesized. Based on the in-situ bimetallic co-gelation process, the high dispersion of Cu in the aerogel was realized, providing conditions for the efficient elimination of I 2. The Fe3+ in the initial gel was reduced to magnetic Fe 3 O 4 during the preparation process, allowing for the quick recovery of the adsorbent through the application of a magnetic field. The adsorption experiments showed that Cu/Fe 3 O 4 -BMMA has good I 2 adsorption capacity (631.3 mg/g) and fast capture kinetics (equilibrium time < 30 min). In addition, Cu/Fe 3 O 4 -BMMA was able to effectively remove trace I 2 in the solution from ppm level (1.0 ppm) down to ppb level (≤30 ppb). The adsorbed I 2 was converted into stable CuI, avoiding secondary pollution due to desorption. Overall, this study provides a potentially efficient iodine capture material for long-term decay storage of radioactive iodine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article, titled "Cover Picture: Six-Membered Aromatic Nitrogen Heterocyclic Anti-Tumor Agents: Synthesis and Applications," discusses the synthesis strategies and clinical applications of nitrogen-containing heterocyclic antitumor agents. The cover picture showcases various classes of these antitumor skeletons, including pyridine, quinoline, pyrimidine, and quinazoline. The article provides a detailed review of the small molecule inhibitors based on these scaffolds and their use in the field of anti-tumor research. The authors of the article are Jiatong Li, Ao Gu, Xiao-Mei Nong, Shuyang Zhai, Zhu-Ying Yue, Meng-Yao Li, and Yingbin Liu. [Extracted from the article]

The bimetallic sulfide/carbon composite CoFeS-NC was successfully synthesized using a facile ligand exchange pathway and subsequent pyrolysis method, using Fe-doped ZIF-67 as self-templates. The prepared CoFeS-NC was used as an activator for peroxymonosulfate (PMS) to degrade ceftiofur sodium (CFS). The CoFeS-NC/PMS system demonstrated broad pH adaptability, considerable environmental stability and outstanding degradation efficiency for an array of pollutants. Notably, this system reached its optimum performance with the combination of 0.1 g/L CoFeS-NC and 0.3 g/L PMS at pH = 9. Under these optimized conditions, the CFS degradation efficiency reached 96% within 10 min and the kinetic constant reached 0.87 min−1. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated in the CoFeS-NC/PMS system were elucidated by conducting quenching experiments and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) studies. Both singlet oxygen (1O 2) and sulfate radicals (SO 4 ·-) were identified as the important ROS in CFS degradation. Moreover, various characterization methods were employed to elucidate the physicochemical properties of catalysts. Additionally, the role of Fe, Co and S species in CoFeS-NC was systematically investigated. Based on these findings, the possible catalytic mechanism was proposed. This study shows extraordinary potential for efficient removal of emerging pollutants in wastewater treatment applications. [Display omitted] • Successfully prepared bimetallic sulfide/carbon composite CoFeS–N by a simple method. • CoFeS-NC exhibited excellent degradation activity against the CFS. • The synergistic effect of Co, Fe and S species was elucidated. • CoFeS-NC exhibited good reusability and environmental adaptability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Core-shell structured Bi 2 S 3 -ZnS@C nanocomposites were successfully fabricated using ZIF-8 as template. • Bi 2 S 3 -ZnS@C showed high adsorption capacity (1118.5 mg g−1) and high chemisorption percentage (87.3 %). • The excellent iodine capture performance derived from the chemical reaction between Bi 2 S 3 and I 2 to form BiI 3. • Bi 2 S 3 -ZnS@C exhibited excellent thermal and irradiation stability. • I-Bi 2 S 3 -ZnS@C could be immobilized in a commercial glass composition via a low-temperature sintering method. Effective capture of radioiodine is crucial for the sustainable development of nuclear power, given its environmental mobility, high toxicity, and long half-life. Herein, a new core–shell structured Bi 2 S 3 -ZnS@C derived from ZIF-8 was synthesized by cation exchange, sulfation and carbonization. The advantage of this structure is that Bi 2 S 3 uniformly loads on the surface of nanoparticles, effectively avoiding its aggregation and improving the utilization of active sites. The iodine capture experiments indicated that Bi 2 S 3 -ZnS@C had excellent adsorption capacity (up to 1118.5 mg g−1 within 120 min) and high chemisorption percentage (87.3 %) at 200 °C, as well as superior thermal and irradiation stability. The mechanism investigations revealed that the exceptional iodine uptake performance was predominantly attributed to the strong chemical reaction between Bi 2 S 3 and I 2 to generate BiI 3. Additionally, the iodine-captured Bi 2 S 3 -ZnS@C could be immobilized in a commercial glass composition via low-temperature sintering. The findings indicated that the captured BiI 3 and I 2 were efficiently converted to the chemically stable Bi x O y I during the sintering process. The initial leaching rate of iodine was 3.94 × 10−5 g m−2 d−1, which signified the excellent chemical durability of the resultant glass composites. Therefore, the obtained Bi 2 S 3 -ZnS@C could be a promising candidate for efficient capture and stable storage of radioiodine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A convenient method for synthesizing aryl-containing trisubstituted alkenes through direct alkylation of alkenes was successfully achieved under solvent-free and catalyst-free conditions. The absence of solvents was found to be crucial in initiating this sequence. Moreover, this protocol stands out due to its minimal waste production and straightforward operation. The radical capture experiment provided evidence for an ionic reaction mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radioactive iodine is one of the inevitable by-products of nuclear energy application. However, it is a great threat to public health and the adsorbent needs to be adopted for removing the radioactive iodine. The iodine adsorbent needs to have some advantages, such as simple preparation method, low cost, high absorption capacity, and recyclable utilization. In order to meet the above requirements, the etched material of institute Lavoisier 101 (MIL-101) was prepared to absorb the gaseous iodine. After the MIL-101 is etched, the iodine adsorption performance has been greatly improved. The iodine adsorption experiment of etched MIL-101 with different etching time (1 h, 3 h, 4 h, and 6 h) was completed, the results show that the optimal etching time is 4 hours and the capture capacity of the etched MIL-101 is 371 wt%, which is about 22% higher than that of original MIL-101. The experiment results of XRD, FT-IR, and XPS prove that the components and structure of etched MIL-101 are accordable with those of MIL-101. The surface roughness is introduced in this work. The pore roughness is also an important factor to the adsorption capacity, and the related research also supports this conclusion. Furthermore, after iodine is absorbed, etched MIL-101 can be treated by ethanol for iodine release, and the etched MIL-101 has satisfied recyclability within three cycles. Compared with MIL-101, etched MIL-101 not only had good reversible adsorption of iodine but also can adsorb low-concentration iodine. The etched MIL-101 has a broad application prospect in nuclear emergency response and radiation detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to use the corresponding magnetic sensor and detection method to detect and image the defects of small diameter pipelines. Urban gas pipeline is an energy transportation tool for urban industrial production and social life, which is closely related to urban safety. Preventing the occurrence of urban gas pipeline transportation accidents and carrying out pipeline defect detection are of great significance for the urban economic and social stability. To perform pipeline defect detection, the magnetic flux leakage internal detection method is generally used in the detection of large-diameter long-distance oil and gas pipelines. However, in terms of the internal detection of small-diameter pipelines, due to the heavy weight, large structure of the detection device and small pipe diameter, the detection is more difficult. Design/methodology/approach: In order to solve the above matters, self-made three-dimensional magnetic sensor and three-dimensional magnetic flux leakage imaging direct method are proposed for studying the defect identification. Firstly, for adapting to the diameter range of small-diameter pipelines, and containing the complete information of the defect, a self-made three-dimensional magnetic sensor is made in this paper to improve the accuracy of magnetic flux leakage detection. And on the basis of it, a small diameter pipeline defect detection system is built. Secondly, as detection signal may be affected by background magnetic field interference and the jitter interference, the complete ensemble empirical mode decomposition with adaptive noise method is utilized to screen the detected signal. As a result, the useful signal is reconstructed and the interference signal is removed. Finally, the defect contour inversion imaging of detection is realized based on the direct method of three-dimensional magnetic flux leakage imaging, which includes three-dimensional magnetic flux leakage detection data and data segmentation recognition. Findings: The three-dimensional magnetic flux leakage imaging experimental results shown that, compared to the actual defects, the typical defects, irregular defects and crack groove defects can be analyzed by the magnetic flux leakage defect contour imaging method in qualitative and quantitative way respectively, which provides a new idea for the research of defect recognition. Originality/value: A three-dimensional magnetic sensor is made to adapt the diameter range of small diameter pipeline, and based on it, a small-diameter pipeline defect detection system is built to collect and display the magnetic flux leakage signal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ubiquilin-2 (UBQLN2) mutations lead to familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (FALS)/and frontotemporal dementia (FTLD) through unknown mechanisms. The combination of iPSC technology and CRISPR-mediated genome editing technology can generate an iPSC-derived motor neuron (iPSC-MN) model with disease-relevant mutations, which results in increased opportunities for disease mechanism research and drug screening. In this study, we introduced a UBQLN2-P497H mutation into a healthy control iPSC line using CRISPR/Cas9, and differentiated into MNs to study the pathology of UBQLN2-related ALS. Our in vitro MN model faithfully recapitulated specific aspects of the disease, including MN apoptosis. Under sodium arsenite (SA) treatment, we found differences in the number and the size of UBQLN2+ inclusions in UBQLN2P497H MNs and wild-type (WT) MNs. We also observed cytoplasmic TAR DNA-binding protein (TARDBP, also known as TDP-43) aggregates in UBQLN2P497H MNs, but not in WT MNs, as well as the recruitment of TDP-43 into stress granules (SGs) upon SA treatment. We noted that UBQLN2-P497H mutation induced MNs DNA damage, which is an early event in UBQLN2-ALS. Additionally, DNA damage led to an increase in compensation for FUS, whereas UBQLN2-P497H mutation impaired this function. Therefore, FUS may be involved in DNA damage repair signaling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The uniform dispersion of graphene oxide (GO) and strong interfacial bonding are the key factors in achieving the high mechanical strength of GO/polymer composites. It is still challenging to prepare GO/PA66 composites with uniform GO dispersion by the in situ polymerization method. In this paper, we prepare GO/PA66 salt nanocomposite by in situ precipitating PA66 salt with GO in ethanol. The GO/PA66 nanocomposite fibers are then fabricated using the as-prepared GO/PA66 salt by in situ polymerizing and melt spinning. By tuning the GO content, the tensile strength and Young's modulus of the GO/PA66 fibers are increased from 265 ± 18 to 710 ± 14 MPa (containing 0.3 wt% GO) and from 1.1 ± 0.08 to 3.8 ± 0.19 GPa (containing 0.5 wt% GO), respectively. The remarkable improvements are attributed to the uniform dispersion of GO in the GO/PA66 salt nanocomposite via ionic bonding and hydrogen bonding in the in situ precipitation process, and the covalent interfacial bonding between the GO and PA66 during the in situ polymerization process. This work sheds light on the easy fabrication of high-performance PA66-based nanocomposites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: This study investigates the potential of small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) as vehicles for delivering therapeutic agents, with a focus on the p53 tumor suppressor gene. Fusion with CD63 or ARRDC1 was found to facilitate the overexpression and proper localization of p53 and significantly increase the yield and loading efficiency of sEVs with p53 mRNA and proteins. Moreover, the functional assessment of these engineered sEVs on H1299 cells demonstrated an enhanced anti-tumor effect, particularly with ARP-sEVs, suggesting a superior inhibition of cell proliferation and promotion of apoptosis. These results are expected to be informative in the application of EV therapy. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) have emerged as promising therapeutic agents and drug delivery vehicles. Targeted modification of sEVs and their contents using genetic modification strategies is one of the most popular methods. This study investigated the effects of p53 fusion with arrestin domain-containing protein 1 (ARRDC1) and CD63 on the generation of sEVs, p53 loading efficiency, and therapeutic efficacy. Overexpression of either ARRDC1–p53 (ARP) or CD63–p53 (CDP) significantly elevated p53 mRNA and protein levels. The incorporation of ARRDC1 and CD63 significantly enhanced HEK293T-sEV biogenesis, evidenced by significant increases in sEV-associated proteins TSG101 and LAMP1, resulting in a boost in sEV production. Importantly, fusion with ARRDC1 or CD63 substantially increased the efficiency of loading both p53 fusion proteins and its mRNA into sEVs. sEVs equipped with ARP or CDP significantly enhanced the enrichment of p53 fusion proteins and mRNA in p53-null H1299 cells, resulting in a marked increase in apoptosis and a reduction in cell proliferation, with ARP-sEVs demonstrating greater effectiveness than CDP-sEVs. These findings underscore the enhanced functionality of ARRDC1- and CD63-modified sEVs, emphasizing the potential of genetic modifications in sEV-based therapies for targeted cancer treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radioactive iodine has highly radioactive and biological toxicity, and its effective recovery is of primary importance. However, few materials can show good iodine adsorption in different media. Herein, Cu/Al 2 O 3 -Pal aerogels with improved mechanical properties and hierarchical pore structures were prepared by constructing the three-dimensional support skeleton of the aerogel with palygorskite fibers. The Cu/Al 2 O 3 -Pal aerogel exhibited excellent adsorption properties for I− (aqueous phase, 264–411 mg/g) and I 2 (organic phase, 503–744 mg/g), I 2 vapor (459–1122 mg/g), and CH 3 I vapor (559–1032 mg/g). Notably, the aerogel also exhibited ultra-high removal rates for trace iodide in solution (>90 %) and was able to efficiently convert to stable CuI. Importantly, the Cu/Al 2 O 3 -Pal aerogel can be prepared directly for use as a monolithic material, allowing for an easy recovery process. Overall, our work demonstrates the great potential of Cu/Al 2 O 3 -Pal x wt% aerogels for radioactive iodine elimination. Cu/Al 2 O 3 -Pal aerogels with good mechanical properties and hierarchical pore structures were prepared by constructing the three-dimensional support skeleton of the aerogel with palygorskite fibers. The Cu/Al 2 O 3 -Pal aerogel exhibited excellent adsorption properties for I− (aqueous phase, 264–411 mg/g) and I 2 (organic phase, 503–744 mg/g), I 2 vapor (459–1122 mg/g), and CH 3 I vapor (559–1032 mg/g). Notably, the aerogel also exhibited ultra-high removal rates for trace iodide in solution (>90 %) and was able to efficiently convert to stable CuI. Importantly, the Cu/Al 2 O 3 -Pal aerogel can be prepared directly for use as a block, allowing for an easy recovery process. [Display omitted] • Cu/Al 2 O 3 -Pal aerogel can be used to eliminate iodine in various phases. • The removal rate of trace iodine by Cu/Al 2 O 3 -Pal aerogel exceeded 90 %. • The adsorption product was stable and not easy to desorption. • Monolithic Cu/Al 2 O 3 -Pal aerogel was easy to recover. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A HKUST-1 derivative composite based on LDH was synthesized to efficiently adsorb iodide anions in aqueous solutions. Specifically, Cu/Al-LDH, HKUST-1, HKUST-1@Cu/Al-LDH, Cu/Al-CLDH, Cu-C and Cu2O@Cu/Al-CLDH were synthesized and characterized. HKUST-1@Cu/Al-LDH kept the desirable characteristics of both Cu/Al-LDH and HKUST-1. Cu2O@Cu/Al-CLDH maintained the morphology of HKUST-1@Cu/Al-LDH, with its iodine anions absorption mechanism being chemical adsorption. Cu2O@Cu/Al-CLDH exhibited a significantly higher adsorption capacity than previously reported Cu-based adsorbents, with an adsorption capacity of 240.7 mg g−1 at pH 3, taking about 240 min to reach adsorption equilibrium. Thus, Cu2O@Cu/Al-CLDH is a promising adsorbent for removing iodide anions from aqueous solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Radioactive iodine generated from nuclear waste and nuclear accidents can cause serious hazards to the environment and human body. In this study, bismuth-doped ZIF-8 composites (Bi 2 O 3 @ZIF-8) were synthesized by in situ synthesis at room temperature to study their adsorption of iodine in gaseous state and in solution. The Bi 2 O 3 @ZIF-8 composites were characterized and analyzed by means of tests. Bi 2 O 3 @ZIF-8 exhibited high specific surface area and contained abundant microporous structures. However, when the bismuth doping amount reached 10%, 10%-Bi 2 O 3 @ZIF-8 appeared mesoporous. The specific surface area of 1%-Bi 2 O 3 @ZIF-8, 5%-Bi 2 O 3 @ZIF-8 and 10%-Bi 2 O 3 @ZIF-8 could reach 1110.6 m2/g, 973.21 m2/g and 927.82 m2/g, respectively. The adsorption of gaseous iodine by 5%-Bi 2 O 3 @ZIF-8 reached equilibrium after 3.5 h with the maximum adsorption capacity of 298 wt%. And the maximum adsorption capacity of iodine in solution was 751.4 mg/g. The effects of the initial concentration of the solution, reaction temperature and contact time on the adsorption process were investigated. The adsorption of Bi 2 O 3 @ZIF-8 on iodine was consistent with the pseudo-second-order kinetics and the Langmuir model. The results of thermodynamic studies indicated that the adsorption of iodine by Bi 2 O 3 @ZIF-8 was spontaneous and exothermic. This study provides a reference for the synthesis of metal organic framework-based materials and provides theoretical guidance for the removal of practical radioactive iodine. We synthesized composites of Bi 2 O 3 -ZIF-8 with different bismuth doping amounts for the adsorption of gaseous iodine as well as iodine in cyclohexane solution. [Display omitted] • Bismuth-doped ZIF-8 composites (Bi 2 O 3 @ZIF-8) were synthesized by in situ synthesis method. • Bi 2 O 3 @ZIF-8 had high specific surface area and contained abundant micropores. • The material with 10%-Bi 2 O 3 @ZIF-8 appeared mesopores. • Theses adsorbents adsorbed iodine in both gaseous and solution form. • The adsorption mechanism of radioactive iodine by Bi 2 O 3 @ZIF-8 was discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), the most common lethal muscular disorder, affects 1 in 5000 male births. It is caused by mutations in the X-linked dystrophin gene (DMD), and there is no effective treatment currently. Gene addition is a promising strategy owing to its universality for patients with all gene mutations types. In this study, we describe a site-specific gene addition strategy in induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) derived from a DMD patient with exon 50 deletion. By using transcription activator-like effector nickases (TALENickases), the mini-dystrophin cassette was precisely targeted at the ribosomal RNA gene (rDNA) locus via homologous recombination with high targeting efficiency. The targeted clone retained the main pluripotent properties and was differentiated into cardiomyocytes. Significantly, the dystrophin expression and membrane localization were restored in the genetic corrected iPSCs and their derived cardiomyocytes. More importantly, the enhanced spontaneous contraction was observed in modified cardiomyocytes. These results provide a proof of principle for an efficient targeted gene addition for DMD gene therapy and represents a significant step toward precisely therapeutic for DMD. • Site-specific integrated mini-dystrophin into rDNA locus in DMD-iPSCs. • Dystrophin expression and localization were restored in targeted iPSCs and iCMs. • The enhanced spontaneous contraction was observed in the targeted iCMs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the critical importance of capturing radioiodine from aquatic environments for human health and ecosystems, developing highly efficient adsorbent materials with rapid kinetics for capturing iodide ions in aqueous solutions is urgently needed. Although extensive research has been conducted on iodine adsorption in gas and organic phases, limited research has been dedicated to adsorption in aqueous solutions. An effective technique for removing iodide was proposed using Ag@Cu-based MOFs synthesized by incorporating Ag into calcined HKUST-1 with varying mass ratios of Ag/Cu–C. Extensive characterization using SEM, XRD, XPS, and nitrogen adsorption-desorption analysis confirmed successful incorporation of Ag in Cu–C. Batch adsorption experiments were conducted, demonstrating that the 5% Ag@Cu–C material exhibited a high adsorption capacity of 247.1 mg g−1 at pH 3. Mechanism investigations revealed that Cu0 and dissolved oxygen in water generate Cu 2 O and H 2 O 2 , while Ag and a small amount of CuO generate Ag 2 O and Cu 2 O. Furthermore, iodide ions in the solution are captured by Cu+ and Ag+ adsorption sites. These findings highlighted the potential of Ag@Cu-based MOFs as highly effective adsorbents for iodine anions removal in radioactive wastewater. • Ag@Cu-based MOFs with varying mass ratios of Ag/Cu–C were successfully synthesized by modifying calcined HKUST-1 with Ag. • 5%Ag@Cu–C showed a high adsorption capacity of 247.1 mg g−1 at pH 3. • The superior iodine anion removal performance was attributed to the strong chemical affinity of Cu+ and Ag+ to iodide. • Ag@Cu–C had great potential as a selective iodide removal material for radioactive wastewater. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Genipin, a natural compound derived from the fruit of Gardenia jasminoides, possesses numerous biological properties. The aim of the present study was to investigate the anticancer effects of genipin in human bladder cancer. T24 and 5637 bladder cancer cells were treated with different concentrations of genipin (0-200 μM) and tested for cell viability, colony formation, cell cycle progression and apoptosis. A xenograft model of bladder cancer was established to determine the anticancer effect of genipin in vivo. The involvement of the phosphoinositide-3 kinase (PI3K)/Akt pathway in the action of genipin was examined. Genipin treatment significantly inhibited the viability and clonogenic growth of bladder cancer cells and inhibited the growth of T24 xenograft tumors, compared with vehicle controls (P<0.05). Genipin-treated cells exhibited a cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1-phase, which was accompanied by a deregulation of numerous cell cycle regulators. Genipin-treated cells demonstrated a significant increase in the percentage of apoptotic cells, loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, Bax translocation to the mitochondria and the release of cytochrome c to the cytosol. Additionally, genipin treatment significantly (P<0.05) reduced the phosphorylation levels of PI3K and Akt in bladder cancer cells. Importantly, genipin-mediated anticancer effects were reversed by the overexpression of constitutively active Akt. In conclusion, to the best of our knowledge, the present study demonstrates for the first time the growth inhibitory effects of genipin in bladder cancer cells, and indicates its potential as a natural anticancer agent for bladder cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]